Anatomy and physiology of autonomic nervous system PDF

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Summary

Anatomy and physiology of autonomic nervous system:Somatic nervous system – conscious control of skeletal muscles Autonomic nervous system – unconscious control of cardiac, smooth muscle and glands Parasympathetic/sympathetic division is anatomical – based on CNS location of cell body and preganglio...

Description

Anatomy and physiology of autonomic nervous system:

Somatic nervous system – conscious control of skeletal muscles Autonomic nervous system – unconscious control of cardiac, smooth muscle and glands Parasympathetic/sympathetic division is anatomical – based on CNS location of cell body and preganglionic nerve

Somatic: - Axons have single myelinated axon extending from CNS to effector (skeletal muscle)

Autonomic: - Axons have two neurone chain: preganglionic (first) neurone extends to ganglion and postganglionic (second) neurone extends from ganglion to effector organ - Ganglia = cell bodies of many peripheral autonomic neurones occur in clusters and form swellings on nerve trunks Axons that form synapses with ganglion cells = preganglionic autonomic fibres Axons that innervate effector cells = postganglionic autonomic fibres Postganglionic neurones have many varicosities from which neurotransmitter is released

Preganglionic nerves: - Acetylcholine (ACh); cholinergic transmission Postganglionic nerves: - Acetylcholine (ACh); cholinergic transmission - Noradrenaline (NA); noradrenergic transmission Pre- and postganglionic nerves: - Non-adrenergic non-cholinergic neurotransmission (NANC) - Co-transmitters are neurotransmitters and neuromodulators...