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Nesly Garcia November 15, 2020 MSTN Gene Evaluation The lab demonstrated a procedure to prove whether double muscling gene MSTN was present in tested cattle. A blood sample was collected from multiple suspected double muscled animals to explain the excess muscle. The reason genetic testing needed to be done was because the cattle at the farm were titled as non-GMO(genetically modified organism). There was a suspicion that the farmer was not being truthful because the cattle presented muscle mass twice the expected amount. To begin, the first step was to perform a genome scan. Then, to complete the procedure, genotyping and DNA sequencing was utilized. PCR and electrophoresis were used for verification purposes and to measure the length base pairs of each sample.Three short tandem repeat(STR) markers were used to compare the proximity of the gene in the sample. Gel electrophoresis showed the blood sample would be homozygous(only one PCR product) due to the marker alleles being identical in size on both homologous chromosomes or if two PCR were not equal, which would determine it as heterozygous(2020). The gene that was tested for was the MSTN gene. It codes for the protein myostatin. The protein is part of the superfamily TGFβ also known as the transforming growth factor beta(2008). A working MSTN gene stabilizes the rate at which muscle tissues develop and extend physiologically with the help of TGFβ. However, mutations of the MSTN gene result in enlargement of the body’s muscle mass. Autosomal recessive(incomplete) inheritance was found to be the correct pattern. The pedigree analysis confirmed this by showing that the samples carried two copies of the mutant MSTN gene. The phenotypic trait was concluded as double muscles. Pedigree genotyping illustrated the distribution of the double muscle trait over several generations along with the three different STR markers and its recorded base pairs. The conclusion based on the lab results indicated that the genome for animal 3 STR B was 250bp/300bp heterozygous. Animal 7 STRB was homozygous with 300bp/300bp. Lastly for 3 STR C and 7 STRC, the results were heterozygous and homozygous. The PCR control length was 91bp and 81bp.The genotype for Meat 1was homozygous for 80bp(normal), Meat 2 heterozygous for 80bp and 91bp(carrier), and

Meat 3 homozygous for 91bp(double muscled). The farmer was found guilty of lying and was incarcerated.

Citations Labster. (2020). Animal Genetics. Retrieved November 14, 2020, from https://api2.labster.com/ simulation/a0Kw000000Iko9SEAR/ NIH.(2008). MSTN gene: MedlinePlus Genetics. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https:// medlineplus.gov/genetics/gene/mstn/...