ATIPharm Made Easy Muscular Skeletal System PDF

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ATI Pharmacology Made Easy The Musculoskeletal System Test

Question 1: Alendronate can cause osteonecrosis of the jaw, and patients who develop it should report it to the health care profession. Alendronate can cause ocular inflammation. The patient should report any eye pain or blurred vision. Alendronate can cause musculoskeletal pain. If analgesics do not help, the patient might have to stop taking alendronate.

Question 1:

MIACALCIN

The health care professional should tell the patient to stop using the drug and seek medical attention if any swelling or rash develops The patient should prime the pump before use the first time to ensure proper dosage. The patient should report any nasal irritation or bleeding. The patient might need parenteral administration if there is a severe nasal irritation.

Question 3: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is taking a calcium supplement and reports flank pain. The healthcare professional should suspect the patient has which of the following? Renal Calculi: Calcium supplements can cause renal calculi. Patients should increase water intake while taking calcium supplements to hydrate the kidneys and report any blood in the urine or flank pain.

Question 4: A health care professional is caring for a patient who is taking raloxifene (Evita). Which of the following information should the health care professional include? Increase activity, such as walking. Patients taking raloxifene should avoid long periods of inactivity to prevent deep-vein thrombosis. Also, walking or other weight bearing exercise can help increase bone density Use a contraceptive Raloxifene is a pregnancy category X drug and can cause severe fetal harm. Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or might become pregnant should not take the drug.

Increase intake of calcium and vitamin D. Increasing calcium and vitamin D helps improve the effectiveness of raloxifene and increases bone mass. Question 5: A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. The health care profession should include which of the following information? Avoid people who are sick Periodic lab tests are essential Report bruising or petechiae Avoid drinking alcohol Question 6: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is taking alendronate (Fosamax) to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. The health care professional should explain to the patient that alendronate increased bone mad by which of the following actions? Decreases activity of osteoclasts Question 7: A health care professional is preparing to administer neostigmine (Prostigmin) to a patient who has myasthenia gravis. Knowing the adverse effects of neostigmine, which of the following drugs should the health care professional have ready to administer? Altropine (Atropen) It is important to have atropine, an anticholinergic, available to reverse bradycardia that can result from the administration of neostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor.

Question 8: A health care professional should tell a patient who is taking atanercept (Enbrel) for rheumatoid arthritis to report which of the following? Skin rash—Etanercept can cause serious skin infections, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Patients should report any skin rashes or blister immediately Question 9: A health care professional should tell a patient who is taking methotrexate to monitor for which of the following? Black tarry stools: Methotrexate can cause gastric intestinal ulceration, which can lead to perforation and bleeding. The patient should waych for blood in stools or emesis and report to the health care professional immediately. Question 10: A healthcare professional is preparing to administer alendronate (Fosamax) to a patient who has osteoporosis. The healthcare professional should recognize which of the following as an adverse effect to alendronate? Joint pain

Question 11: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is taking etanercept (Enbrel, a DMARDII that treats rheumatoid arthritis. The health care professional should monitor the patient for which of the following indications of a serious adverse reaction to the drug? Shortness of breath. Question 12: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has myasthenia gravis and has been prescribed neostigmine (Prostigmin) to increase muscle strength. The health care professional should tell the patient to watch for which of the following as an indication of a serious adverse reaction to the drug? Brady cardia: The health care professional should show the patient how to measure his apical pulse and notify the primary care provider if the rate is below 60/min. It is essential to have atropine (Atropen) on hand to reverse the effects of neostigmine. Question 13: A health care professional is talking about self-administering methotrexate to a patient who has rheumatoid arthritis. The health care professional should tell the patient to. Drink 2-3 L of water per day to promote the drug’s excretion. Can cause kidney damage. Adequate hydration optimizes drug excretion and helps prevent kidney damage. Patient can take sodium bicarbonate tablets to increase urine alkalinity and reduce the drug precipitation that can lead to kidney damage.

Question 14: Prior to administering calcitonin-salmon (Miacalcin) for the first time to a patient who is diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis, the health care professional should perform with of the following tasks? Check for allergies using skin testing

Question 15: Alendronate (Fosamax) is contraindicated for patients who? Should remain flat in bed Is inappropriate for a patient who is unable to sit or stand for 30 min. Patients should drink 8 oz of water after taking the drug and sit or stand upright for at least 30 min to prevent esophagitis.

Question 16: A healthcare professional is preparing to administer neostigmine (Prostigmin) to a patient. Which of the following information in the patients’ health history should alert her to use caution when administering neostigmine? Asthma:

Can cause bronchospasm. It requires cautious use with patients who have asthma. The health care professional should monitor breath sounds, and have atropine (AtroPen) available to reverse the effects of neostigmine. Question 17: A health care professional should question the use of etanercept (Enbrel) for a patient who has a history of diabetes mellitus because of which of the following risks? Infection: Increases the risk of developing a serious infection. Primary care providers should not prescribe etanercept for patients who have an existing infection and should use it cautiously with patients who have diabetes mellitus because the disease itself increases infection risk. Question 18: A health care professional is administering succinylcholine (Anesctine) to a patient. Which of the following information is correct regarding depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents? Causes muscle paralysis by binding with cholinergic receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Depolarizing muscle relaxant, mimics Acetylcholine (Miochol-E) by binding with the cholinergic receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Question 19: Which of the following is a therapeutic action of raloxifene (Evista)? Mimics the effects of estrogen on bone tissue. Raloxifene mimics the effects of estrogen on bone tissue, minimizing or stopping bone loss. Question 20: A health care professional should recognize that depolarizing muscle relaxants, such as succinylcholine (Anectine), require cautious use with patients who have wihich of the following? Hyperkalemia—can cause potassium release, resulting in hyperkalemia. Health care professionals should monitor for caridiac dysrhythmias, and check potassium levels prior to use. Myasthenia gravis—patient who have this can have increased neuromuscular bloackade when given succinylcholine; therefore, they might need a reduced dose Respiratory depression—pancuronium causes respiratory paralysis. Health care professionals should have mechanical ventilation available, especially for patients who have respiratory depression.

Question 21: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is postoperative and who demonstrates weakness and needs mechanical ventilation. The patient received pancuronium during the surgery. The health care professional should suspect prolonged paralysis from a drug interaction with which of the following?

Gentamicin—an aminoglycoside, can interact with the non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker and increase the effects of the neuromuscular blockade causing prolong paralysis.

Question 22: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is beginning raloxifene (Evista) therapy to prevent osteoporosis. The health care professional should tell the patient to monitor for which of the following as an indication of a serious adverse reaction to the drug. Calf pain—can increase the risk of deep-vein thrombosis, which can lead to a pulmonary embolism or cerebrovascular accident. Patients should avoid long periods of inactivity, and report any pain, redness, or swelling in the calf. Question 23: When treating a patient who has malignant hyperthermia, the health care professional should do which of the following? Provide cooling measures- The patient requires immediate cooling with a cold saline infusion, ice packs, and cooking blanket. Temp and vitals signs require continuous monitoring. Administer dantrolene (Dantrium)- reduces the metabolic activity of skeletal muscles and helps reverse malignant hyperthermia. Discontinue anesthesia-health care professionals should stop succinylcholine and anesthesia immediately, and abort the procedure until the patient is stabilized.

Question 24: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who was given succinylcholine (Anectine), a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, during a surgical procedure. The patient develops rigid muscles, tachycardia, and a sudden spike in temp. The health care professional should immediately suspect which of the following? Malignant hyperthermia—succinycholine and inhalation anesthetics can trigger malignant hyperthermia, a potentially fatal condition. It causes muscle rigidity and an increase in body temp. Question 25: A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is taking prednisone and alsotake s 1,500 mg/day of calcium carbonate (Tums) to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Which of the following information should the health care professional include. Drink 8 oz of water Chew calcium tablets Take the drugs an hour apart Divide the daily dose into 3 500mg doses...