Benefits Topic Sentence Outline V1 PDF

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Topic Sentence Outline Thesis: Begin with your thesis, revised from previous modules. Identify the policy-making body1 (PMB) and argue that they should2 make a broad change3. Problem Analysis/Assessment of Current Efforts Background Information: Add a topic sentence if you are including a broad overview of the problem: where is it, how many people does it affect, why is this urgent/why does it matter in the context of the organizations goals? (Sometimes this information ends up in the introduction)  2-4 pieces of evidence to describe the status quo: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to describe the status quo: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Problem 1: Add a topic sentence making a claim that a specific problem or aspect of the problem needs to be addressed.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)

Problem 2: Add ad topic sentence making a claim that a specific problem or aspect of the problem needs to be addressed.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Problem 3: Add a topic sentence making a claim that a specific problem or aspect of the problem needs to be addressed. (You need a MINIMUM of 3 topic sentences if you are arguing benefits. More is better.)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)

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2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)

Problem 4: Add a topic sentence making a claim that a specific problem or aspect of the problem needs to be addressed.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Problem 5: Add a topic sentence making a claim that a specific problem or aspect of the problem needs to be addressed.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your problem exists: where, when, in what space, under whose authority? Local evidence is best. Aim for facts, examples, statistics, and other data that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Solutions/Recommendations for Improvement/Proposed Changes Solution 1: Add a topic sentence stating the broad action you are proposing in this step—a change to policy, space, or organization.  Actions o Break the big action down into measurable, external steps. You’ll need at least 2 or 3. If you have fewer than that, you likely need to combine the solution with something else. o Where, when, who is in charge, with what funding, with what materials? o Use assertive language that proposes definite action. Avoid telling the policy making body to “decide,” “figure out,” or otherwise make the decisions for you.  Research o Some solution steps contain no research. Include research to show: o ITEMS/services to be purchased (Cite your Source) o COST of those items (Cite your Source) o PRECEDENT as a model of the solution (Cite your Source) o PURPOSE of implementing this solution instead of another (Cite your Source)

Solution 2: Add a topic sentence stating the broad action you are proposing in this step—a change to policy, space, or organization.  Actions o Break the big action down into measurable, external steps. You’ll need at least 2 or 3. If you have fewer than that, you likely need to combine the solution with something else.

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o Where, when, who is in charge, with what funding, with what materials? o Use assertive language that proposes definite action. Avoid telling the policy making body to “decide,” “figure out,” or otherwise make the decisions for you. Research o Some solution steps contain no research. Include research to show: o ITEMS/services to be purchased (Cite your Source) o COST of those items (Cite your Source) o PRECEDENT as a model of the solution (Cite your Source) o PURPOSE of implementing this solution instead of another (Cite your Source)

Solution 3: Add a topic sentence stating the broad action you are proposing in this step—a change to policy, space, or organization. (You need a MINIMUM of 3 solution steps.)  Actions o Break the big action down into measurable, external steps. You’ll need at least 2 or 3. If you have fewer than that, you likely need to combine the solution with something else. o Where, when, who is in charge, with what funding, with what materials? o Use assertive language that proposes definite action. Avoid telling the policy making body to “decide,” “figure out,” or otherwise make the decisions for you.  Research o Some solution steps contain no research. Include research to show: o ITEMS/services to be purchased (Cite your Source) o COST of those items (Cite your Source) o PRECEDENT as a model of the solution (Cite your Source) o PURPOSE of implementing this solution instead of another (Cite your Source)

Solution 4: Add a topic sentence stating the broad action you are proposing in this step—a change to policy, space, or organization.  Actions o Break the big action down into measurable, external steps. You’ll need at least 2 or 3. If you have fewer than that, you likely need to combine the solution with something else. o Where, when, who is in charge, with what funding, with what materials? o Use assertive language that proposes definite action. Avoid telling the policy making body to “decide,” “figure out,” or otherwise make the decisions for you.  Research o Some solution steps contain no research. Include research to show: o ITEMS/services to be purchased (Cite your Source) o COST of those items (Cite your Source) o PRECEDENT as a model of the solution (Cite your Source) o PURPOSE of implementing this solution instead of another (Cite your Source)

MLA or APA Style Header Solution 5: Add a topic sentence stating the broad action you are proposing in this step—a change to policy, space, or organization.  Actions o Break the big action down into measurable, external steps. You’ll need at least 2 or 3. If you have fewer than that, you likely need to combine the solution with something else. o Where, when, who is in charge, with what funding, with what materials? o Use assertive language that proposes definite action. Avoid telling the policy making body to “decide,” “figure out,” or otherwise make the decisions for you.  Research o Some solution steps contain no research. Include research to show: o ITEMS/services to be purchased (Cite your Source) o COST of those items (Cite your Source) o PRECEDENT as a model of the solution (Cite your Source) o PURPOSE of implementing this solution instead of another (Cite your Source)

The Benefits of Change Benefit 1: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 2: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 3: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 4: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.

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2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) 2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)

Benefit 5: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable. (You need a MINIMUM of 5 topic sentences. This is the largest section of your paper, so most proposals have quite a few more.)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 6: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 7: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 8: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Benefit 9: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)

MLA or APA Style Header Benefit 10: Add a topic sentence making a claim that some benefit—an increase in something with inherent value or a decrease in something with negative value—will come from your solutions. This must be debatable.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove your benefit will actually be created. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Potential Obstacles Obstacle 1: Draft a a careful topic sentence that shows you have thought critically about potential problems. Explain the concern here. Make sure your tone is not dismissive.  Consider including a single piece of evidence to demonstrate the complexities of the issue at hand. (Cite your Source) Refutation/Accommodation 1: Draft a transitional sentence that “turns” the argument by making a claim that supports your proposal. You may accommodate the obstacle by make changes to a solution or refute the concern by showing how you can work around it.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove that your accommodation or refutation is reasonable. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove that your accommodation or refutation is reasonable. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source) Obstacle 2: Draft a a careful topic sentence that shows you have thought critically about potential problems. Explain the concern here. Make sure your tone is not dismissive. (All proposals should address the TWO most pressing obstacles.)  Consider including a single piece of evidence to demonstrate the complexities of the issue at hand. (Cite your Source) Refutation/Accommodation 2: Draft a transitional sentence that “turns” the argument by making a claim that supports your proposal. You may accommodate the obstacle by make changes to a solution or refute the concern by showing how you can work around it.  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove that your accommodation or refutation is reasonable. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)  2-4 pieces of evidence to prove that your accommodation or refutation is reasonable. Use facts—statistics, numbers, examples, descriptions—that cannot be debated. (Cite your source)

MLA or APA Style Header Works Cited / References Add in Works Cited or References entries for every source you have included in your outline. You should have some of these already created in your Research Log, but be sure to add additional entries of you add more sources.

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