Bi unit 4 quiz - quiz PDF

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Unit 4 Quiz 1. The carpal bone is an example of a(n) ____. a. Short bone 2. The humerus is an example of a(n) ____. a. Long bone 3. A ligament attaches ____ to ____. a. Bone, bone 4. Which of the following is a type of fracture usually seen in young children? a. greenstick 5. The first cervical vertebrae is also called the ____. a. atlas 6. A diarthrosis joint is a ________________ joint a. Freely movable 7. Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ___. a. fat 8. A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ____. a. diaphysis 9. The area of longitudinal growth in the long bones is the ____. a. Epiphyseal plate 10. The process of bones increasing in width is known as ____. a. Appositional growth 11. Osteogenesis is the process of ____. a. Bone formation 12. Blood cell formation is called ____.

a. hematopoiesis 13. Why are the bones of young children much more flexible than those of the elderly? a.

Bones of children are not completely calcified, with a higher ratio of more flexible organic fibers. Bones in elderly are more complete calcified, which gives the characteristic of rigidity.

14. The bone that allows you to nod your head is the _____. a. atlas 15. The axial skeleton contains _____. a. The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage 16. The hyoid bone is unique because ____. a. It is only the bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone 17. The major function(s) of the axial skeleton is (are) to _____. a. Provide central support for the body and protect internal organs 18. If you are suffering from bursitis, this condition would be designated as inflammation of a(n) _____. a. Small sac containing fluid 19. Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ____. a. amphiarthroses 20. Which of these joint types affords multiaxial movement? a. Ball and socket 21. In the classification of joints, which of the following is true? a. All synovial joints are freely movable 22. The periosteum contains a large number of bone forming cells which are ___. a. osteoblasts

23. Explain what the process of bone remodeling is. a.

Bone remodeling involves the removal of mineralized bone by osteoclasts followed by the formation of bone matrix through the osteoblasts that subsequently become mineralized. The remodeling cycle consists of three consecutive phases: resorption, during which osteoclasts digest old bone; reversal, when mononuclear cells appear on the bone surface; and formation, when osteoblasts lay down new bone until the resorbed bone is completely replaced.

24. Name two specific examples of each: hinge joint, plane joint, condyloid joint, ball-andsocket joint. a.

Hinge point: Elbow, knee, ankles

b. Plane joint: facet joints of the spine, intercarpal joints of the wrist, intertarsal joints of the midfo, acromioclavicular joint. c. Condyloid joint: radiocarparl joint of the wrist, metacarpophalangeal joint of the hand, metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot. d. Ball-and-socket joint: human and pelvis, shoulder: clavicle and humerus 25. Why are sprains and injuries to joint cartilages particularly troublesome? a.

Ligaments and tendons (injured during sprains) are poorly vascularized and cartilages are avascular. Hence, these structures heal slowly and often poorly...