BIO 101 Unit 4 Practice Questions PDF

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Biology 101, Unit 4: history of life practice questions with the correct answer(s)...

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BIO 101 Unit 4 Practice Questions Chapters 15-18

1. In the past, mass extinctions encouraged the rapid evolution of surviving species by a. Making new habitats available to them 2. Proteinoid microspheres are tiny bubbles that resemble cells because a. They have selectively permeable membranes 3. After Precambrian Time, the basic divisions of the geologic timescale, from larger to smaller are a. Eras to periods 4. One necessary condition for the evolution of the first life on Earth was a. The presence of liquid water 5. The gases used in the Miller-Urey Experiment were a. Hydrogen, ammonia, and methane 6. The Mesozoic Era occurred a. After the Paleozoic Era 7. Fossilized evidence of Earth’s first forms of life would consist of a. Prokaryotes from the Precambrian 8. Darwin realized that the economist Malthus’s theory of population control a. Could be generalized to any population of organisms 9. Evolution by _________________ is a process of changes in a species over time a. Natural Selection 10. In whales, the pelvis and the femur are

a. Vestigial structures 11. Darwin began to formulate his concept of evolution by Natural Selection after a. Observations of many species and their geographical location 12. James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s work was important to Darwin because these scientists a. Suggested that Earth was old enough for evolution to have occurred 13. Lamarck’s theory of evolution includes the concept that new organs in a species appear as a result of a. The actions of organisms as they use or fail to use body structures 14. One scientist who attempted to explain how rock layers form and change over time was a. James Hutton 15. Lamarck proposed that organisms a. Have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection 16. Charles Lyell emphasized that a. Past geological events must be explained in terms of processes observable today 17. Interbreeding among members of a population results in a. No changes in the relative frequencies of alleles in the gene pool 18. Gene shuffling includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis as well as a. Crossing-over 19. The number of phenotypes produced for a given trait depends upon a. The number of genes that control the trait 20. A factor that is necessary for the formation of a new species is

a. Reproductive isolation 21. The first living cells on Earth were most likely a. Heterotrophs 22. The Cambrian Explosion resulted in the evolution of the first a. Representatives of most animal groups 23. Slight genetic change over a few generations in a population that does not result in the evolution of a new species is a. Microevolution 24. _________________ refers to speciation that results from physical barriers such that biological populations become isolated a. Allopatric speciation 25. _________________ refers to speciation that occurs due to reproductive isolation in populations that occupy the same geographical area a. Sympatric speciation 26. The type of evolution Darwin believed in was a. Gradualism 27. Hardy and Weinberg concluded that gene pool frequencies are a. Inherently unstable 28. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation allows geneticists to a. Keep track of changes in genotype frequencies from generation to generation...