BIO3372 Chapter 13 Vocabulary PDF

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Key terms and definitions from Chapter 13...

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Chapter 13 Vocabulary: Microbe – Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

Axenic Endotoxin Hemolysins Septicemia True Pathogens Symptom Zoonosis Nosocomial Infection Infectious Disease Communicable Microbial Antagonism Syndrome Exotoxin Asymptomatic Infection Sign Opportunistic Pathogens Contagious Intoxications Virulence

A term that describes “germ free”; aka- sterile. A toxin that is not actively secreted but is shed from the outer membrane of a microbe or during lysis; usually produces fever, is toxic to host in high doses, and is found in all gram-negative bacteria. A class of bacterial exotoxins that disrupts the cell membrane of red blood cells and some other cells to cause them to burst and release hemoglobin pigment or other cell products. A general state in which microorganisms are multiplying in the blood and are present in large numbers; clinical term for blood infection. Primary microbes that are capable of causing disease in healthy people with normal immune defenses; generally associated with a specific, recognizable disease. The subjective evidence of disease as described or sensed by the patient. Ex- chills, pain, aches, fatigue, headache. An infection usually found in lower animals but is naturally transmitted to humans; promoted by close contact of humans with animals. Infectious agents and diseases that are acquired or develop during a hospital stay. The disruption of a tissue or organ caused by microbes themselves or the products they secrete. When an infected host can transmit the infectious agent to another host and establish infection in that new host. The general effect that normal biota have against intruder microbes; creates a steady established relationship with the host. When a disease can be identified or defined by a certain complex of signs and symptoms. A toxin secreted by a living bacterial cell into the infected tissues; usually does not produce fever, is toxic to host in minute amounts, and is found in a few gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Infected patients that show no symptoms; apparently healthy persons. A condition where pathogenic microbes penetrate the host defenses, enter into the tissues, and multiply. Any objective evidence of disease noted by an observer; the measure of an infection. Ex- swollen lymph nodes, abscesses, chest sounds. Microbes that cause disease when the host’s defenses are compromised or when they become established in a part of the body that is not natural to them; not considered pathogenic to normal healthy people. When an infectious agent is highly communicable through direct contact to another host. Ex- influenza and measles. The diseases caused by the ingestion of toxins; botulism. The relative severity or degree of pathogenicity of the disease caused by a particular microorganism; determined by the ability to establish itself in the host and cause damage in the host....