BIOL 206 Exam 1 Practice Questions PDF

Preview

Summary

Practice questions for exam 1....

Description

BIOL 206 Exam 1 1. Bacteria can be beneficial in a number of ways including a. Providing nitrogen gas for plants to use b. Aiding in the digestion of cellulose of grazing animals c. Serving as bioremediators in the air, soil, and water. d. A, B, C e. A, C f. A, B 2. Bacillus Thuringiensis a. Is a bacterium that is used as a biopesticide against insects and their larvae b. Produces an endospore that, when ingested is activated and disrupts the guts integrity c. Kills various insects and their larvae but is also dangerous for use around pets d. A, B, C e. A, B f. B, C 3. Scientifics accomplishments of Anton Van Leeuwenhoek include a. Demonstrating their microscopic living organisms or animalcules b. The production of the first microscopic and his lens had up to 300X magnification c. His findings immensely advancing the field of microbiology d. A, B, C e. A, B 4. Louis Pasteur demonstrated a. Using crooked neck flasks that microbes are present in air b. That microbes must be present to give rise to more microbes – that is abiogenesis c. That fermentation reactions resulting in good wine were due to the actions of yeast d. A, B, C e. A, C f. B, C 5. Robert Koch and his lab a. Promoted the germ theory of disease by proving that bacteria Bacillus anthracis caused anthrax b. Utilized postulates that required isolate, pure cultures of he suspected disease pathogens c. Developed the use of agar as a degradable solid media which allowed isolation of pure bacterial colonies d. A, B, C e. A, B 6. Inclusion bodies/ structures a. Include lipid inclusions which aid in bacterial buoyancy to orient in the environment b. Help reduce the osmotic stress caused by the hypertonic environment

c. Include magnetosomes which are vesicles of iron oxide which allow orientation in a magnetic field d. A, B, C e. B, C f. A, C 7. Peptidoglycan a. Is unique to bacteria and is more chemically complex than eukaryotic cell wall components b. Is resistant to attack by human enzymes except for lysozyme which attacks the tetrapeptide crosslinks c. NAG & NAM joined within the polymer by peptide crosslinks d. A, C e. A, B, C 8. Lipopolysaccharide a. Confers a negative charge due to negatively charged sugars of O polysaccharide Antigen b. Has lipid A embedded in the outer membrane and is the toxic component. c. Stabilizes the gram-negative bacterial cell wall structure d. A, B, C e. B, C 9. The bacterial glycocalyx a. Is an extracellular layer of lipopolysaccharide outside of the cell wall b. Is required for pathogenicity of Streptococcus pneumonia but not for it’s survival c. Protects from desiccation thus allowing the bacteria to persist in the environment d. B, C e. A, B, C f. A, C 10. The eukaryotic plasma membrane a. Is a phospholipid trilayer with integral and peripheral proteins b. Get its strength and stability from the presence of sterols c. Has the ability to perform phagocytosis in which pseudopodal arms extend to bring fluids into the cell d. A, B, C e. B, C 11. Chemotherapy a. Is the use of chemicals for medical treatment b. Can involve the use of lab created drugs or naturally produced antibiotics to treat infections c. Includes the use of antibiotics which are natural products of bacteria and mold d. A, B, C e. A, B

12. Prokaryotic plasmids a. Like the paired chromosomes are circular dsDNA b. Replicate independently of the chromosome but are inherited by the daughter cells c. Can enhance the host cell by enabling a new metabolic pathway d. B, C e. A, B, C 13. Microorganisms are …? a. Organisms that are too large to be seen with the unaided eye b. Organisms that are too small to be seen with the aided eye c. Organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye d. Seen with a microscope e. C, D 14. Which of the following is correct concerning microbes? a....