Biol 235 Unit 19 Sample Questions PDF

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Package Title: Testbank Course Title: pap Chapter Number: 19Question type: Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT a major function of the blood? a) Transportation of nutrients b) Regulation of blood pH c) Protection against infectious disease d) Transportation of heat e) Production of oxygenA...

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Package Title: Testbank Course Title: pap14 Chapter Number: 19

Question type: Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following is NOT a major function of the blood? a) Transportation of nutrients b) Regulation of blood pH c) Protection against infectious disease d) Transportation of heat e) Production of oxygen Answer: e Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.1 Describe the functions of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

2) Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding blood? a) The normal average temperature of blood is around 100.4o F. b) The normal pH range for blood is 7.35-7.45. c) Hemocytoblasts are a common component of circulating blood. d) The primary circulating blood cell is the RBC. e) Blood is a liquid connective tissue consisting of cells and a liquid extracellular matrix. Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

3) The hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of whole blood occupied by a) WBCs. b) platelets. c) RBCs.

d) plasma. e) plasma proteins. Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

4) What percentage of blood plasma is water? a) 95.1% b) 91.5% c) 88.5% d) 4.9% e) 8.5% Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

5) Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in disease resistance? a) Albumin b) Globulins c) Fibrinogen d) Myoglobin e) Hemoglobin Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

6) Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in blood clotting? a) Albumin b) Globulins c) Fibrinogen d) Prostaglandins e) None of these choices Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

7) The process by which the formed elements of the blood develop is called a) hematospermia. b) hemopoiesis. c) thrombocytosis. d) hemostasis. e) polycythemia. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

8) A megakaryoblast will develop into a) a red blood cell. b) a white blood cell. c) a platelet. d) either a white blood cell or a platelet. e) none of these choices. Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

9) During hemopoiesis, some of the myeloid stem cells will eventually develop into a) proerythroblasts. b) T lymphoblasts. c) B lymphoblasts. d) NK lymphoblasts. e) all of these choices. Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

10) Which of the following hormones stimulates proliferation of red blood cells in red bone marrow? a) erythropoietin (EPO) b) thrombopoietin (TPO) c) human growth hormone (hGH) d) calcitonin (CT) e) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

11) Approximately, how many hemoglobin molecules are found in each RBC? a) 50 million b) 100 million c) 280 million d) 320 million e) 430 million Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.3 Red Blood Cells

12) Ferritin is a protein used to a) transport iron in the blood. b) store iron in the liver. c) oxidize iron in the peroxisomes. d) synthesize iron. e) absorb iron across intestinal cells. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.3 Red Blood Cells

13) The major function of red blood cells is a) nutrient transport. b) cytokine stimulation. c) blood cell proliferation. d) gas transport. e) disease resistance. Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.3 Red Blood Cells

14) Towards the end of erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, a red blood cell loses its nucleus and becomes a a) proerythroblast. b) megakaryocyte. c) progenitor cell. d) mature erythrocyte. e) reticulocyte. Answer: e Difficulty: Medium

Study Objective 1: SO 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.3 Red Blood Cells

15) Which of the following blood cells is a phagocyte? a) Neutrophil b) Platelet c) Lymphocyte d) Basophil e) Erythrocyte Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

16) Which of the following blood cells is involved in reducing blood loss from a damaged blood vessel? a) Erythrocyte b) Platelet c) Lymphocyte d) Basophil e) Neutrophil Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.5 Describe the structure, function, and origin of platelets. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.5 Platelets

17) Which of the following blood cells release granules that intensify the inflammatory response and promote hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions? a) Eosinophil b) Monocyte c) Lymphocyte d) Basophil e) Neutrophil

Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

18) Which of the following blood cells phagocytizes antigen-antibody complexes and are effective against parasitic worms? a) Eosinophil b) Monocyte c) Lymphocyte d) Basophil e) Neutrophil Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

19) Which of the following blood cells are the main soldiers in the immune system defense of the body against microbial invaders? a) Eosinophil b) Macrophage c) Lymphocyte d) Basophil e) Platelet Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

20) Which of the following cells is NOT an agranular leukocyte? a) Monocytes b) Macrophage

c) Lymphocyte d) Basophil e) All of these choices Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

21) The process of a white blood cell squeezing between endothelial cells to exit a blood vessel is called a) emigration. b) diaphysis. c) adhesion. d) opsonization. e) phagocytosis. Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

22) Which of the following chemical substances are NOT commonly released by mast cells? a) Heparin b) Histamine c) Nitric oxide d) Proteases e) All of these choices Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

23) Which of the following hormones stimulates the development of megakaryoblasts?

a) Erythropoietin b) Thrombopoietin c) Nitric oxide d) Human growth hormone e) Heparin Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.5 Describe the structure, function, and origin of platelets. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.5 Platelets

24) Which of following correctly lists the sequence of steps that occur during hemostasis in response to a damaged blood vessel? a) vascular spasm, clotting, polycythemia b) hemolysis, vascular spasm, platelet plug formation c) emigration, clotting, hemolysis d) vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, clotting e) anemia, hemogenesis, platelet plug formation Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.1 Describe the three mechanisms that contribute to hemostasis. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

25) The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood clotting are identical after formation of a) thromboplastin. b) prothrombinase. c) clotting factor XII. d) fibrin. e) tissue factor. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

26) Which of the following clotting factors is involved in strengthening and stabilizing a blood clot? a) Factor V b) Factor VII c) Factor XI d) Factor XIII e) Factor XIV Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

27) Which of the following situations could result in maternal antibodies attacking fetal blood cells during a second pregnancy? a) Mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh negative b) Mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive c) Mom is Rh positive and fetus is Rh negative d) Mom is Rh positive and fetus is Rh positive. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions. Study Objective 2: SO 19.8.1 Distinguish between the ABO and Rh blood groups. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types

28) Which of the following opposes the action of thromboxane A2 by inhibiting platelet adhesion and release? a) Heparin b) Fibrinogen c) Plasmin d) Antithrombin e) Prostacyclin

Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

29) Which of the following substances is an anticoagulant produced by mast cells and basophils? a) Heparin b) Fibrinogen c) Thromboxane A2 d) Prostacyclin e) Plasmin Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

30) Which of the cells in the diagram will eventually develop into macrophages?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs).

Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

31) Which of the cells in the diagram will increase the number of nuclear lobes as they age?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

32) Which of the cells in the diagram can be subdivided into categories of small and large versions of this cell type?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E Answer: d Difficulty: Medium

Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

33) Which labeled cell in the diagram is a WBC?

a) A b) B c) C d) Both B and C e) All of these choices Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

34) Which labeled cell in the diagram is a pluripotent stem cell?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) G Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

35) Which letter in the diagram indicates the correct position of a myeloid stem cell?

a) A b) B c) C d) D e) G Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

36) Which labeled cell in the diagram will develop into thrombocytes?

a) G b) J c) K d) L e) E Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.2 Explain the origin of blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.2 Formation of Blood Cells

37) What is this figure demonstrating?

a) Erythropoiesis b) RBC differentiation c) Emigration d) Clot formation e) Clot retraction Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.4 Describe the structure, functions, and production of white blood cells (WBCs). Section Reference 1: Sec 19.4 White Blood Cells

38) What does this figure represent?

a) Erythropoiesis b) RBC differentiation c) Emigration d) Clot formation e) Clot retraction Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.1 Describe the three mechanisms that contribute to hemostasis. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

39) Which of the following antibodies would you find in the plasma of a person with type O blood? a) anti-A

b) anti-B c) anti-A and anti-B d) No antibodies to ABO blood group antigens e) Not enough information to answer Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions. Study Objective 2: SO 19.8.1 Distinguish between the ABO and Rh blood groups. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types

40) What blood type is a person if their plasma contains only anti-A agglutinin? a) A b) B c) O d) AB e) Not enough information is provided to answer question. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.8 Understand the blood groups and blood types and their importance in blood transfusions. Study Objective 2: SO 19.8.1 Distinguish between the ABO and Rh blood groups. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.8 Blood Groups and Blood Types

Question type: Essay

41) List and briefly describe the major functions of blood. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.1 Describe the functions of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood Solution: 1) Transportation of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, hormones and heat; 2) Regulation of pH via buffers, body temperature via properties of water in plasma, and water balance via osmotic pressure created by plasma proteins; 3)Protection via clotting, antibodies, phagocytosis, and complement.

42) Describe the negative feedback loop that controls the rate of erythropoiesis. Under what circumstances would you expect the rate of erythropoiesis to increase? How would it be possible to tell if the rate of erythropoiesis is elevated? Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.3 Red Blood Cells Solution: Hypoxia in the kidney leads to secretion of erythropoietin, which targets proerythroblasts in red bone marrow to mature into reticulocytes, which enter circulation to become red blood cells thus increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Tissue hypoxia is induced by any form of anemia (reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of blood), or when oxygen levels in the external environment are low (e.g., high altitudes). High levels of reticulocytes in the circulation are a strong indicator of increased erythropoiesis.

43) Explain the proposed role of hemoglobin in the regulation of blood flow and blood pressure. Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.3 Describe the structure, functions, life cycle, and production of red blood cells. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.3 Red Blood Cells Solution: The gaseous hormone nitric oxide (NO), produced by the endothelial cells that line blood vessels, binds to hemoglobin. Under some circumstances, hemoglobin releases NO. The released NO causes vasodilation, an increase in blood vessel diameter that occurs when the smooth muscle in the vessel wall relaxes. Vasodilation improves blood flow and enhances oxygen delivery to cells near the site of NO release.

44) Why does damaged endothelium present an increased risk of blood clotting? Answer: Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.7 Describe the events involved in hemostasis. Study Objective 2: SO 19.7.2 Identify the stages of blood clotting and explain the various factors that promote and inhibit blood clotting. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.7 Hemostasis

Solution: Blood may come in contact with collagen in the surrounding basal lamina, which activates clotting factor XII, which ultimately leads to the formation of fibrin clots. Platelets also adhere to collagen exposed by damage to the endothelium and begin their release reaction

Question type: Multiple Choice

45) When blood from a normal adult is centrifuged as shown in the figure, which of the following components occupies the greatest volume?

a) plasma b) red blood cells c) platelets d) buffy coat e) white blood cells Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

46) What is the normal concentration range of the formed element that comprises the blood component labeled III in the figure?

a) 400,000–1 million cells/μL b) 150–200 cells/μL c) 4.8–5.4 million cells/μL d) 150,000–400,000 cells/μL e) 5,000–10,000 cells/μL Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Study Objective 1: SO 19.1 Describe the functions and components of blood. Study Objective 2: SO 19.1.2 Describe the physical characteristics and principal components of blood. Section Reference 1: Sec 19.1 Functions and Properties of Blood

47) Which of the following blood cell types normally comprises the highest percentage of the blood component labeled II in the figure?

a) eosinophils b) monocytes c) lymphocytes d) neutrophils e) basophils Answer: d Difficulty...