Biology The Dynamic Science 5th Edition By Peter J. Russell Solutions and Test Bank PDF

Preview

Summary

Solutions Manual, eBook, Test Bank Biology: The Dynamic Science 5th Edition 5e By Peter J. Russell, Hertz, McMillan ; 9780357460757, 0357460758.
We Provide Help in APLIA, MINDTAP Assignments & Quizzes. ...

Description

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e Indicatewhetherthestatementistrueorfalse.Ifitisfalse,changetheidentifiedword(s)tomakethestatement true. 1. Muchofourunderstandingofhowlargeorganismsrespondtoenvironmentalvariationisbasedonobservations ofmodelspecies. 2. Protistsdonotconstituteakingdombecausetheydonotshareauniquecommonancestor. 3. Theprocessbywhichproducersharnesselectromagneticenergyandconvertitintochemicalenergyiscellular respiration. 4. Internalbodytemperatureinhumansisregulatedprimarilybybehavioralmechanisms. 5. TheprocessbywhichRNAisconvertedintoproteiniscalledtranscription. 6. Favorablemutationsmayproduceadaptations. 7. AlthoughDarwinandWallaceunderstoodthecentralimportanceofheritabilityamongorganismstotheprocess ofevolution,theycouldnotexplainhownewvariationsaroseorhowtheywerepassedtothenextgeneration. 8. Theexampleofanadaptationprovidedbytherockpocketmiceillustratestheobservationthatgenetic differencesoftendevelopbetweenindividuals. 9. Researcherswhostudytheimpactofnitrogen-basedfertilizersonincreasingcropgrowthuseappliedresearch methods. 10. Populationscanbedescribedintermsoftheirdiversityandstability. Indicatetheanswerchoicethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion. 11. Youarestudyinganecosystemonyourcampus.Afterasolidbaseofcarefullyobservedanddescribedfacts, yournextstepwouldbeto____. a. makemoreobservations b. makeahypothesis c. shareyourdatawithothers d. waitforinstructions e. designanexperiment 12. Thegroupthatisthemostinclusiveandhasrecentlybeenaddedtotheclassificationschemeis____. a. animalia b. kingdom c. eukarya d. protista e. domain

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 1

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 13.Whichtermdescribesacommunityandthenonlivingenvironmentalfactorswithwhichitinteracts? a.ecosystem b.planet c.multicellularorganism d.biosphere e.community 14.Allofthepopulationsofdifferentorganismsthatliveinthesameplaceforma(n)____. a.ecosystem b.community c.biosphere d.sample e.organ 15.Cats,dogs,andfishareconsumersthathavetheabilitytomoveactivelyfromoneplacetoanother.These organismsbelongtothe____kingdom. a.Animalia b.Bacteria c.Protist d.Fungi e.Plantae 16.Livingsystemshavethecapacitytodetectenvironmentalchangesandcompensateforthemthroughcontrolled responses.Thisispossiblebecauselivingsystemshave____. a.sensitivity b.hormones c.nerves d.reflexes e.receptors 17.Aresearcherinalabfindsamicroscopicorganismthathasnonucleus,buthasdistinctivestructuralmolecules andmechanismsofphotosynthesis.TheorganismsareabundantinvirtuallyeveryhabitatonEarth.The researcherhasidentifiedthisorganismasbelongingtothedomain____. a.Bacteria b.Animalia c.Eukarya d.Protist e.Amoeba

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 2

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 18.PopulationsofallorganismschangefromonegenerationtothenextbecausetheirDNAchangesovertime. Thisisknownas____. a.developmentalselection b.cellularrespiration c.experimentalvariables d.genomics e.biologicalevolution 19.Emergentpropertiesare____. a.characteristicsofatomsbutnotmolecules b.characteristicsthatdependontheleveloforganizationofmatterbutdonotexistatlowerlevelsof organization c.characteristicsofnonlivingmatterthatdependontheleveloforganization d.dependentonhigherlevelsoforganizationoflivingandnonlivingmatter e.characteristicsofallmulticellularorganismsbutnotunicellularorganisms 20.Abiologistwhosearchesforexplanationsaboutnaturalphenomenasolelytosatisfyhercuriosityandadvance ourcollectiveknowledgeoflivingsystemspractices____. a.artificialscience b.basicresearch c.generalresearch d.appliedresearch e.simpleresearch 21.Acellisminimallydefinedby____. a.anucleusthatcontainsDNA b.anorganizedchemicalsystemandspecializedmoleculesandsubcellularstructuressurroundedbya membrane c.anorganizedchemicalsystemforharnessingenergy d.amembranecomprisedofphospholipids e.specializedmoleculesthatrespondtotheirenvironment 22.TheinformationinDNAiscopiedintomoleculesof____. a.RNA b.carbohydrates c.lipid d.oxygen e.hydrogenperoxide

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 3

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 23.Themostfundamentalandimportantmoleculethatdistinguisheslivingsystemsfromnonlivingmatteris____. a.protein b.DNA c.fructose d.water e.glucose 24.Whenastudentmanipulatesasystemunderstudy,heorsheiscollecting____. a.factualdata b.analyticaldata c.experimentaldata d.empiricaldata e.observationaldata 25.Scientiststhatfocusonthesmall,individualpartsofalivingsystemareusinga(n)____approach. a.systemic b.microbiological c.reductionist d.molecular e.bioinformatics 26.ScientistswanttodeterminewhetherchemicalX,acomponentoffertilizer,isharmfultofish.Theytreatfishin thelaboratorywithincreasingamountsofthechemicalforoneweekandthenmeasuretheirviability.When researchersdesignedthisexperiment,theywrote"IfchemicalXistoxic,thefishwillbegintolooksickanddie. Thisstatementisa(n)____. a.interpretation b.theory c.hypothesis d.result e.prediction 27.Shitakemushroomsaredecomposersthatbreakdownbiologicalmoleculesfromdeadorganisms.These organismsbelongtothe____kingdom. a.Protist b.Animalia c.Bacteria d.Fungi e.Plantae

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 4

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 28.Themostfundamentalgroupingintheclassificationoflivingorganismsisthe____. a.family b.genus c.order d.species e.class 29.Withinanorganism,allcellshavethesame____,whereasdifferentcelltypescontaindifferent____. a.RNA;genes b.protein;RNA c.genes;proteins d.RNA;protein e.proteins;genes 30.Whatisthecorrectorderofthebasicstepsofthescientificmethod? a.observe-->hypothesize-->predict-->experiment-->interpret b.predict-->hypothesize-->experiment-->observe-->interpret c.hypothesize-->observe-->predict-->experiment-->interpret d.observe-->predict-->hypothesize-->experiment-->interpret e.hypothesize-->predict-->experiment-->observe-->interpret 31.Whichgroupwouldbeconsideredacommunity? a.fish,birds,alligators,water b.agroupofalligators c.polarbears,seals,fish d.pandas,bamboo,andmountains e.agroupofseaweed 32.Thepagesofyourtextbookconsistmainlyofmaterialmadebymulticellular,photosyntheticorganismsthat functionasproducersinecosystems.Theseorganismsbelongtothekingdom____. a.Fungi b.Bacteria c.Protist d.Plantae e.Animalia 33.Thelowestlevelofbiologicalorganizationthatcansurviveandreproduceisthe____. a.cell b.tissue c.proton d.nucleus e.DNA Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 5

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 34.Thesequentialstagesthroughwhichindividualsdevelop,grow,maintainthemselves,andreproduceare collectivelyknownasthe____. a.centraldogma b.catabolicreactions c.anabolicreactions d.transformation e.lifecycle 35.Bulldogshavebeenbredtohavesuchalargeheadsizethattheycannolongergivebirthnaturally.Theprocess bywhichthesedogschangedovertimeiscalled____. a.artificialbreeding b.artificialselection c.artificialevolution d.artificialengineering e.artificialinsemination 36.Bacteriaandprotozoans____. a.canbeeitherunicellularormulticellularorganisms b.residesolelyinoceans c.aremulticellularorganisms d.areunicellularorganisms e.areprecursorstocells 37.Monkeys,trees,snakes,moss,birds,sunlight,rain,rocks,andbugstogetherwouldbeconsidereda(n)____. a.population b.ecosystem c.biosphere d.community e.organism 38.Thealgaeusedtomakesushirollsareclassifiedas____. a.bacteria b.animals c.plants d.fungi e.protists

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 6

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 39.Theprocessbywhichcellsbreakdowncomplexmoleculesinthepresenceofoxygentoreleaseenergyis called____. a.anabolism b.photosynthesis c.metabolism d.translation e.cellularrespiration 40.Maintainingyourbody'sinternaltemperaturewithinanarrowtolerablerangeisoneexampleof____. a.perspiration b.compensation c.homeostasis d.respiration e.hydrolysis 41.Thehighestlevelofthehierarchicalclassificationoflifeisthe____. a.biosphere b.domain c.ecosystem d.population e.cell 42.Scientistsstructurehypothesesinsuchawaythatiftheyarewrong,theywillbeabletodemonstrateitis wrong.Thisistheprincipleof____. a.falsifiability b.thenullhypothesis c.fallibility d.hierarchy e.errors 43.Mutationsare____. a.alwaysbadforpopulations b.alwaysgoodforpopulations c.alwaysharmfulforindividuals d.thebasisofhomogeneityinapopulation e.thebasisofvariabilityamongindividuals 44.Whichresearchtopicwouldbemostlikelytofallwithintheareaofsystemsbiology? a.lookingattheinteractionofGeneXandGeneYincancercells b.understandinghowstresshormonesaffecttheorgansinthehumanbody c.designinganewvalveforaheart d.findinganovelreceptorforaknownhormone e.determiningthebacterialevelsinLakeMichiganbeforeandafterarainfall Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 7

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 45.Thelarge,double-stranded,helicalmoleculethatcontainsinstructionsforassemblingalivingorganismfrom simplermoleculesis____. a.RNA b.DNA c.ATP d.protein e.NADPH 46.Itisthrough____thatwefurtherourknowledgeoflivingthings. a.ideologies b.biologicalresearch c.logic d.ethics e.philosophy 47.Everypopulationofanimalshasanagestructure,agraphicalrepresentationofthedistributionofagegroups withinthepopulation.Whileeachindividualinapopulationhasaspecificage,individualsthemselvesdonot haveanagestructure.Agestructureisthereforeanexampleofa(n)____property. a.emergent b.hierarchical c.environmental d.organizational e.cellular 48.ScientistswanttodeterminewhetherchemicalX,acomponentoffertilizer,isharmfultofish.Theytreatfishin thelaboratorywithincreasingamountsofthechemicalforoneweekandthenmeasuretheirviability.When researchersdesignedthisexperiment,theywrote"chemicalXistoxictofish"intheirlabnotebook.This statementisa(n)____. a.interpretation b.prediction c.hypothesis d.result e.theory 49.Inordertodeterminewhereaproteinisexpressedwithinacell,aresearchertagstheproteinwithafluorescen labelandthenviewsthecellusingafluorescencemicroscope.Thelocationoftheproteinwithinthecellas determinedbytheresearcherisconsideredthe____. a.experimentaldata b.predicteddata c.observationaldata d.replicatedata e.experimentalvariable

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 8

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 50.Theprocessbywhichparentsproduceoffspringiscalled____. a.feeding b.homeostasis c.compensation d.artificialselection e.reproduction 51.ScientistswanttodeterminewhetherchemicalX,acomponentoffertilizer,isharmfultofish.Theytreatfishin thelaboratorywithincreasingamountsofthechemicalforoneweekandthenmeasuretheirviability.Fishthat arenottreatedwithchemicalXareconsidered____. a.experimentaldata b.controls c.replicates d.experimentalvariables e.thenullhypothesis 52.ScientistswanttodeterminewhetherchemicalX,acomponentoffertilizer,isharmfultofish.Theytreatfishin thelaboratorywithincreasingamountsofthechemicalforoneweekandthenmeasuretheirviability.Whatis theexperimentalvariableforthisexperiment? a.chemicalX b.fish c.river d.farming e.water 53.Thescientificnameofanorganismiscomposedoftwonames.Thefirstpartidentifiesthe____whilethe secondpartdesignatesthe____. a.family;genus b.genera;genus c.genus;species d.species;genus e.phylum;species 54.Inthemid-nineteenthcentury,CharlesDarwinandAlfredRusselWallaceobservedmanyorganisms.Basedon theseobservations,theyarrivedatanexplanationcalled____forhowpopulationschangethroughtime. a.creationism b.naturalevolution c.naturalselection d.genetics e.evolution

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 9

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 55.Theobservationsyoumakeandexperimentaldatayoucollectinyourbiologylaboratoryclassareexamplesof ____. a.biologicalresearch b.statisticalanalysis c.hypothesisbuilding d.biologicaldogma e.modelsystems 56.Arandomlyselectedgroupoforganismsfromanorderwouldshowmoregeneticandanatomicalvariabilitythan asimilargrouprandomlypickedfroma(n)_____. a.kingdom b.genus c.family d.phylum e.class 57.Thedifferencebetweenlivingandnonlivingmatterdependsnotonlyonthekindsofatomsandmolecules present,butontheir____aswell. a.chemicalcomplexity b.electrons c.organizationandinteractions d.atomicprofile e.energylevels 58.Anexperimentalapproachinwhichscientistsmakeobservationsaboutthenaturalworld,developtentative explanationsaboutwhattheyobserve,andthentestthoseexplanationsbycollectingmoreinformation,is referredtoas____. a.science b.thebiologicalmethod c.education d.thescientificmethod e.biology 59.Agroupoforganismsofthesamespeciesthatlivetogetherinthesameplacemakeupa(n)____. a.population b.cell c.biosphere d.tissue e.ecosystem

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 10

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 60.Photosynthesisandcellularrespirationareexamplesof____. a.catabolism b.cleavage c.anabolism d.synthesis e.metabolism 61.Whichpairoforganismswouldbeclassifiedasprokaryotes? a.FungiandPlantae b.Bacteria,Archaea,andFungi c.AnimaliaandPlantae d.Fungi,Plantae,andAnimalia e.BacteriaandArchaea 62.Whenconductingdescriptiveresearch,ascientistprimarilyuses____. a.experiments b.experimentaldata c.controldata d.observationaldata e.speculation 63.ThepercentageofAfrican-Americans,Hispanics,Caucasians,andAsiansinaneighborhoodisanemergent propertyofa(n)____. a.organism b.community c.population d.ecosystem e.biosphere 64.Agroupofsimilarspeciesthatsharerecentcommonancestryisa(n)____. a.class b.order c.species d.kingdom e.genus 65.Inheritanceistheprocessbywhichgeneticinformationis____. a.transmittedtooffspringintheformofRNA b.transmittedtooffspringintheformofDNA c.transcribedfromDNAintoRNA d.transmittedtooffspringintheformofproteins e.translatedfromRNAintoproteins Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 11

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 66.Aresearcherinalabfindsamicroscopicorganismthatisaproducer.Populationsofthisorganismarefoundin extremeenvironments(e.g.,hotsprings).Theresearcherwillcorrectlyidentifythisorganismasbelongingtoth domain____. a.Amoeba b.Eukarya c.Archaea d.Bacteria e.Animalia 67.Astudentencountersanorganismthatresemblesaplantandwhosecellscontainanucleus.Theorganismis mostlikelyclassifiedasa(n)____. a.Bacteria b.Archaea c.Eukarya d.Amoeba e.Animalia 68.AcellthatisobservedunderthemicroscopeisfoundtohaveitsDNAenclosedinanucleusandhasother specializedinternalcompartments.Thecellisa(n)____. a.bacterium b.E.coli c.prokaryote d.eukaryote e.archaean 69.Appliedresearchersconducttheirworkto____. a.answerallquestions b.provehypotheses c.solveanyproblemtheyface d.solvespecificpracticalproblems e.advanceourcollectiveknowledgeoflivingsystems 70.Whichmutationisanexampleofanadaptation? a.Amutationresultsindecreasedspermcountinhumans. b.AmutationisfoundtobethecauseofAlzheimer'sdisease. c.Amutationresultsinhairlesscats,reducingallergiesinhumans. d.Amutationincreasesthesizeoftomatoplants. e.AmutationrendersanindividualimmunetoHIVinfection.

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 12

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:

Date:

Chap01_5e 71.Whichofthefollowingscientificnamesiswritteninthecorrectformat? a.canisFamiliaris b.c.Latrans c.CanisLupus d.Canislatrans e.CanisFamiliaris 72.Statementsaboutwhataresearcherexpectstohappentoonevariableifanothervariablechangesarecalled ____. a.observationalvariables b.hypotheses c.experimentalvariables d.theories e.scientificresearch 73.Inthefieldof____,researchersdeterminehowmultipleproteinsinteractwitheachother. a.systematics b.genomics c.proteomics d.microbiology e.bioinformatics 74.Ourunderstandingoftheevolutionaryprocessrevealsthat____. a.favorabletraitsbecomelesscommoninfuturegenerations b.allpopulationsarerelatedthroughasharedancestry c.evolutionhasproducedthespectaculardiversityoflifeonEarth d.allorganismschangethroughtime e.developmenthasproducedthespectaculardiversityoflifeonEarth 75.AseriesofprogrammedchangesencodedinDNA,throughwhichafertilizedeggdividesintomanycellsthat ultimatelyaretransformedintoanadultorganism,isknownas____. a.transformation b.development c.inheritance d.homeostasis e.compensation

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero.

For More Info: [email protected]

Page 13

For More Info: [email protected] Name:

Class:
<...