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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................2 ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................................3 RECOMMENDATIONS..............................................................................................................8 The solution integrates the technologies..................................................................................8 Cybersecurity recommendations for remote working..........................................................10 CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................12 REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................12 APPENDIX.................................................................................................................................18

ABSTRACT: Remote working is one of the necessary and almost mandatory things in some countries during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Vietnam. Although this method has been popularized worldwide, creating an effective and secure remote working arrangement has always been a challenge for businesses that work in this form. This study illustrates the difficulties of remote working during the pandemic and gives recommendations based on scholarly research to achieve the two desired goals above

Keywords: remote working arrangement, effective remote working, design thinking, remote work productivity, security of remote working.

INTRODUCTION As information and communication technologies (ICT) have grown tremendously in their capabilities, especially with the greater availability of high-speed Internet, remote work has been used to communicate new ways of working in the past few decades (Bin et al. 2020). Currently, to minimize the spread of disease during the third COVID-19 outbreak, some businesses in Vietnam have had to close and use remote working methods. One of the main obstacles in telework is poor communication and coordination; it is hard to measure and manage a workforce outside of the immediate area. Therefore, many companies are ill-equipped to protect themselves from cybersecurity issues. This study focuses on three main questions: “Is remote working really effective?’’. This is an essential question that needs to be answered in improving the efficiency of remote working of enterprises. The design thinking technique is employed in our paper, which intends to assist Vietnamese enterprises and the economy by formulating a plan that generates methods for more effective remote working methods. In which we will give some solutions as follows: the solution integrates the technologies and Cybersecurity Recommendations for Remote Working including Configure Strong Authentication Setup and Backup and Restore.

The report consists of four sections. After the introduction, section 2 analyzes specific telecommuting, effective remote working, the risks posed by remote working, and demonstrates

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technology tools that can address the challenges discussed. Part 3 is giving recommendations. Section 4 is to give some concluding remarks. ANALYSIS The analysis will provide a basic definition about remote working arrangement and effective, secure remote working.

In the early 21st century, a remote working arrangement is becoming increasingly popular due to changing social patterns and technological developments (Hunter 2019). Remote working is considered as workers working outside the arrangement of offices or facilities. In addition, they have no direct communication with co-workers so they rely on technology to connect with others (Wang et al. 2021). Furthermore, in recent years with the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in various regions worldwide, many employees are under pressure and health safety when they come to the workplace. Therefore, a remote working environment plays an essential role in overcoming this problem.

A remote working arrangement is considered effective when there is a combination of many aspects such as staff, employers, organization, workflow, and technology (Bick et al., 2020). In terms of employees, they require mental preparation to adapt to the form of remote work. They need a fully equipped and comfortable working environment to become proactive and achieve high productivity. Besides, changing clothing every morning and cleaning the house can create space that makes employees feel like they are in the workplace (Lane, Mullen & Costa 2020). Moreover, employees should build relationships with colleagues and managers to solve the work more quickly and easily (Eikenberry & Turmel 2021). In terms of organization, three elements will contribute to an effective remote working environment like productivity within an organization, the potential to get things done, and initiative in all situations (Eikenberry & Turmel 2021). First, organizations need to set the goals to be achieved and work processes to have specific expectations and direction. The well-designed environment would increase working abilities, interoperability, and collaboration. Second, organizations must prepare a variety of solutions when employees encounter challenges while working remotely. People should set up daily meetings and streamline tasks through technology software. It can assist businesses in completing activities in a timely and efficient manner. Finally, due to the use of 3

technology, organizations need to focus on cybersecurity to maintain safety. It has become a crucial element by ensuring connectivity, reducing data threats when transferring the information (Curran 2020). As the remote working model is gradually becoming popular, security issues such as identity theft, internet trolling, and computer viruses also become more widespread. As a result, the company must have certain tools, highly trained people, and processes to ensure efficient network security (VMware, n.d.). Nowadays, a remote working environment is becoming more and more commonplace. Therefore, choosing the right technology tools based on these factors mentioned above is necessary when a business wants to have an effective and secure remote work environment.

A remote working environment is not an easy task for the organization. There are many challenges in successfully implementing a remote working environment such as maintaining effective, secure communication, collaboration among the employees, and measuring their productivity.

With the COVID-19 pandemic, remote working has helped businesses keep running and has done wonders for their productivity and work-life staff balance over the years. Many remote workers use ICT (Information Communication Technology) to communicate and collaborate with coworkers, supervisors, and customers. Because workers can not attend face-to-face meetings, ICT-mediated communication has become almost the only option, particularly during the pandemic (Wang et al. 2021). As a result of remote working in general, businesses will face many challenges, particularly in communication.

The observation regarding working from home challenges is the lack of interaction and coordination, which is a major challenge. Communication is crucial in the workplace, and it is one of the elements that lead to business success (Goutam 2013). Interaction can help people exchange information and solve problems more quickly and accurately. Lack of communication leads to disconnection, engagement, and support among employees and customers. Therefore, it will impact employees' effective outcomes. Therefore, technology tools with dominant features to support people in communication will be an effective solution. It can play an important role in staying connected with employees and customers while working remotely (Thompson 2020). 4

Moreover, some technology tools can increase productivity and enhance communication options. The next challenge is network problems when the Internet is lagging. The Internet plays a critical role in the rising trend of people working remotely. It helps businesses connect with other people, locate information, and run e-commerce websites (QuickTech 2019). If the Internet is lagging, employees may miss information and have trouble communicating in the meeting. It will lead to delays in making final decisions. Therefore, the solution of choosing a good, safe and secure tool connection is crucial. It helps employees maintain effective communication while keeping their devices safe when applying remote working.

As mentioned before, organizations that create efficient communication strategies are more productive in attaining their objectives, along with employee well-being and motivation is undeniable (Hargie 2016). Unfortunately, the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has forced millions of individuals all across the world to become remote workers (Wang et al 2021). Remote workers face an entirely different bundle of risks when working in shared spaces. Including the major security risk with messaging applications is the extent to which third parties, such as app developers or governments collecting data on individuals, possibly accessing or hacking private communications (Kaspersky n.d), the question of how to keep our personnel data, and information safe is on everyone's mind. Hence, as the demand for secure communication rises, "chaos" has emerged as a key instrument for implementing such a system (Singh and Sinha 2010). Multi-platform compatibility allows employees to sync communications between mobile, web, and desktop platforms.

Nonetheless, another disadvantage of secure communication is that all signals have the same probability of being broken. In fact, several of the suggested secure communication systems based on chaos with single input have been proven to be insecure (Zheng et al 2009). Chaos is the precondition for secure communication. The most efficient technique to counteract errors in the system construction process is to create and maintain security based on insecurity. The system formed based on an organization is not always able to overcome, therefore the shortcomings that require the association to complete.

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In this context, organizational cooperation refers to the effort made by two or more organizations to achieve outcomes that they would not be able to achieve on their own (Wang and Archer 2004). Hence, technological advancements such as cloud computing and online collaboration tools have enabled remote working in many occupations that formerly needed inperson communication (Bick 2020). Nevertheless, in-person collaboration solves problems faster and fosters long-term partnerships. Nonverbal cues account for over 93 percent of effective communication (Leslie 2021). Working from home, they have fewer opportunities to contact and engage with their coworkers. As a consequence, there are misunderstandings, a lack of certainty, and an impact on how people create and maintain credibility with their coworkers. It also contributes to a perception of being dropped compared to peers in the business (Becki Hall 2017). In the business, workers do not form connections with the organization, remote workers are more likely to seek out new opportunities (Becki Hall 2017). There are many factors that directly affect the capacity to do a task efficiently. In a workplace manner, employees are unable to accomplish the assignment due to a lack of motivation and energy, which will have an influence on both the individual productivity and the company performance. Productivity is a crucial part of every business. At the individual scale, work productivity refers to an employee's ability to produce the goods or services required to meet the organization's objectives. The performance of a company would be enhanced if workers were more productive (Yunus and Ernawati 2018). Moreover, employees who work from home without the supervision of a supervisor are more likely to be unproductive, unenthusiasm as well as inefficient. In addition, due to the unpredictable scenarios that workers may face and the many ethical dilemmas that they may confront, supervision is essential for early-stage social workers to be productive and achieve improved job results (Voicu 2017).

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Figure1: Major problems with remote working (Buffer 2021)

COVID-19, the global pandemic, has made a substantial workforce work from home to prevent the virus from spreading. However, remote working has a huge amount of difficulties. Effective communication is one of the most common challenges that people will face when working from home because they typically rely on nonverbal communication (Figure 1). For this reason, using unique communication technologies such as Zoom, MS Teams, or Google Drive is one of the most helpful solutions for business to facilitate collaboration easier (Kashyao n.d). In addition, remote employees think they can schedule their timetable, but it actually is another problem working from home. A project is a set of activities that must all be accomplished to reach a common goal. However, each project component requires time, yet it might be challenging to determine who invested how much time on specific tasks at the end. An intelligent time tracker aids accurate billing, strategic team management, and meticulous planning. As a result, the task manager's solution to project management is project management tools that can assist statistics in tracking workers' development and effectiveness in the workplace in a specific manner. Trello and Asana are two all-in-one efficient apps at the top of the most popular project management techniques (Kissflow 2021). Aside from collaboration and time management,

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cybersecurity is a crucial subject that organizations must address while utilizing technology tools. In specific cases, cyber-attacks against essential industrial equipment have the potential to destabilize a company's economic model (Corallo, Lazoi & Lezzi 2020). Understanding and analyzing the major key assets to be secured from prospective cyber-attacks, as well as the business effects that could arise is a competitive advantage. With two-factor authentication (2FA), authenticator applications provide a more secure method to connect to your sites and web services. One of the more secure types of 2FA is enabled via authenticator software like Authy, Google Authenticator, or Microsoft Authenticator (Muchmore 2021). RECOMMENDATIONS Since the Covid 19 pandemic appeared, the economy in general and businesses, in particular, are suffering severe impacts. The failure to adapt to the extreme situation has led to the bankruptcy of many companies worldwide. Below, there are some possible proposals on integrating the above-mentioned high-tech applications to improve the working efficiency of businesses during the pandemic. The solution integrates the technologies Corporate meetings coordinate efforts and achieve business goals (Standaert, Muylle & Basu 2021). Holding meetings plays a massive role in tracking progress as well as increasing the performance of each company. By meeting periodically, members of the company can directly discuss, raise their opinions, and find the most appropriate solutions for each company's problem. However, during the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, holding face-to-face meetings was almost impossible for countries that had not yet controlled the epidemic situation. Therefore, online platforms are increasingly used for meeting purposes. In a typical face-to-face meeting, participants spend very little time looking directly into each other's eyes. Nevertheless, in a video conference, participants generally stare at each other more intensively throughout the meeting (Karl, Peluchette & Aghakhani 2021). Reducing face-to-face interaction makes communication difficult, significantly affecting work performance.

Facing such challenges when conducting online meetings, businesses have chosen Zoom as the top solution during this pandemic. First, online meetings are known for many inconveniences, especially noise. Accordingly, Zoom has upgraded its application with effective 8

noise cancellation. This function provides a quieter, more focused meeting space. In addition, instead of turning off the mic during the meeting to limit noise, participants can turn on the mic during the meeting to answer or make unexpected comments. Most of all, for those who do not have a private place at home, sitting in the living room in the meeting can make other family members accidentally fall into the frame, causing distraction in a meeting. Using the background or filter function on Zoom will solve this problem. Users can choose the available background from the application or upload from their device, which helps cover everything behind the user's back, even making their frame more beautiful. In addition, Zoom also allows users to edit their images, light intensity, which makes it possible for them to join meetings in all lighting conditions. Lastly, the management of meeting content is also one of the things that help improve the quality of the meeting. For this reason, the Zoom Business package has an admin dashboard, which helps managers control meeting data for a year, the number of participants, and filter by tracking field.

One of the most challenging issues for businesses looking to go online is security. Because of operating online, most documents will be shared and stored on online platforms. Although this will help work be processed faster and more efficiently, information leakage is also worth noting. Even if backups have been produced, restoring the data might be costly to the firm because it takes time to restore and make more backup copies. In addition, customers may grow unhappy and give their business to someone else if the company is immobilized and unable to cater to their demands during reinstallation (Aldridge, White & Forcht 1997).

Because of the risks of storing information, using the archive platform to have high security as Google Drive is necessary. For business users, G Suite accounts offer advanced security options that allow companies to manage users, protect remote devices easily, and audit accounts to see who is using the resources in the company. In particular, Google's word processing tools always save the data, the versions of the content users have changed, to completely restore the content edited from many months ago. When users upload files to Google Drive, the files are stored in a secure data center, and only those being shared can see the documents that the user posts. User activity is stored according to strict industry standards and practices. In addition, Google Drive has built-in security to detect and prevent threats like spam, 9

phishing, and malware. Regarding the poor Internet connection mentioned in section 2.1, Google Drive users can thoroughly view and save uploaded files in offline conditions.

Goal setting is one of the motivational techniques used in manufacturing and service industries to improve workforce productivity. Subgoals are established by dividing a longer-term goal into logical components and striving to attain each component in a fraction of the time required to achieve the longer-term goal (Hadavi & Krizek 1993). During the outbreak of the pandemic, businesses will face many challenges and even problems affecting long-term orientations. Therefore, setting short-term goals is essential to solving the difficulties that businesses are facing temporarily.

First, businesses should have clear plans to implement. For that reason, using effective work management platforms such as Trello is a helpful solution. Trello's most distinctive feature is its board & card structure, which divides projects into boards, each with a card for each task. Managers can track employee progress in created task cards while ensuring employees have a...