BLEPT Reviewer Licensure Examination PDF

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BLEPT Reviewer (GEN.ED) BIOLOGY, PHYSICAL SCIENCE 2 RESEACH 1. Quantitative Research – number or numeric, can be interpreted through statistics 2. Qualitative Research – letter, interpretation through narration, sentences or description 4 Levels of Measurement 1. Nominal – Names (eg. Blood type A or B, Gender like Male or Female, Religion) 2. Ordinal – Order/rank/sequence (eg. Board exam ranking, pageant) 3. Interval – No absolute zero which means there’s a meaning/value even if its’ 0 (eg. Temperature) 4. Ratio – Absolute zero which means non existing (eg. Exam – 0 is failed) SOCIAL SCIENCE Ma-i – Chinese term for gold, can be found in the province of Mindoro Philippine Eagle – an endangered species with scientific name Pithecophaga jefferyi Umalohokan - refers to the town criers of ancient barangays in the Philippines. - They were responsible for going around and making people aware of new laws and policies enacted by the Datu or chieftain. Imam – religious leader during rituals in Tausug. Buansa, Sulu – first sultanate in the Philippines founded by Sayyed walShareef Abubakar Abirin AlHashmi (1st Sultan in Sulu) Barangay – basic political unit that serves as the primary planning and implementing unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the community Sitio – a territorial enclave that forms part of a barangay. 4 Elements of State 1. Population/people 2. Territory 3. Government 4. Sovereignty 3 Inherent Powers of State 1. Police Power – power of the state to promote public/general welfare by restraining and regulating the use of liberty and property without compensation. 2. Power of eminent domain/Expropriation - to take private property for public use upon payment of just compensation 3. Power of Taxation – power of a government to impose and collect taxes, as the means of raising revenue within its jurisdiction. The power of the state to impose charge or burden upon persons, property, or property rights, for the use and support of the government and to enable it to discharge its appropriate functions. 3 Branches of the Government (Equal powers) 1. Executive – Implementing body (Pres. And Vpress) 2. Legislative – Law making body (Senate, congress) 3. Judiciary – Interpreting body (Supreme Court, chief justice, ass. justices) Principle of check and balance – to ensure that there’s no abuse on each department/unconstitutional Types of Government 1. Democracy – Government of the people, by the people and for the people 2. Republican – form of government in which a state is ruled by representatives of the citizen body. 3. Monarchy – One man ruled government (King/queen like England – constitutional monarchy)

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Oligarchy – Ruled by selected few Aristocracy – rule of the elites in the society (if no aristocracy then choose Oligarchy) Anarchy – No government at all Communism – No private property. Everything is owned by the government, equal distribution of wealth Meritocracy – Leadership of people by Talent Federalism – National to national, local to local

Presidential – only power of the president is executive Parliamentary – if Presidents holds the power of both executive and legislative

16 PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTS AgQueLaOsRoQui MagGarMaMar AquiRaEsArAquiDu30 Ramon Magsaysay –Joseph Estrada – 1. Emilio Aguinaldo – 1st president, non-elected by the people, appointed in the meeting  Youngest and first (and only) president of the First Republic (Malolo Republic)  signed the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, creating a truce between the Spanish and Philippine revolutionaries  Acta de tejeros – an act made by Andres Bonifacio to invalidate the elected 1st President of the Philippines who is Emilio Aguinaldo (“disorderly and tarnished by chicanery”) 2. Manuel L. Quezon – commonwealth (American regime)  1st president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines  Father of National Language 3. Jose P. Laurel – puppet republic, puppet of Japanese  the government's caretaker during the Japanese occupation of World War II 4. Sergio Osmeña – 2nd president of the Commonwealth  Visayan to become president  Joined with U.S. Gen. Douglas McArthur in Leyte on October 20, 1944 to begin restoration of Philippine freedom after Japanese occupation 5. Manuel Roxas –  3rd (and last) president under the Commonwealth  1st president of the Third Republic of the Philippines 6. Elpidio Quirino – served as vice president under Manuel Roxas and became President when Roxas died  Hukbalahap (Hukbong Laban sa Hapon) guerrilla movement 7. Ramon Magsaysay – Man/guy of the masses  Died in an aircraft disaster while boarding the presidential plane.  1st president sworn into office wearing Barong Tagalog during inauguration  Established National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA) among other agrarian reforms 8. Carlos P. Garcia –  known for “Filipino First Policy,” which favored Filipino businesses over foreign investors  “Prince of Visayan Poets” and the “Bard from Bohol”  1st president to have his remains buried at the Libingan ng mga Bayani 9. Diosdado Macapagal –  Incorruptible  Abolished tenancy  Philippine Independence (June 12 1898)  Sertipiko sa Pilipino  Established the 1st Land Reform Law, allowing for the purchase of private farmland to be distributed in inexpensive, small lots to the landless  placed the Philippine peso on the currency exchange market , signed the Minimum Wage Law 10. Ferdinand Marcos – martial law Sept. 22, 1972

 1st president to win a second term  “I will make this country great again”  removed from office after the People Power Revolution. 11. Corazon Aquino – Democracy  1st woman president of the Philippines and of Asian country 12. Fidel V. Ramos – Philippines 2000 was the socio-economic program  1st non-Catholic president of the Philippines  death penalty reinstated while he was in office 13. Joseph Estrada – Father of the masses  1st president who had been a famous film actor  Was impeached for plunder 14. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo – The Philippine is a strong republic  2nd female president  The Oakwood Mutiny occurred during her term 15. Benigno Aquino III – Tuwid na daan  1st president who is a bachelor  Initiated K-12 education in the Philippines 16. Rodrigo Duterte – Change is coming  Current president BASIC ECONOMICS 2 Divisions of Economics 1. Macro Economics – economy of the country 2. Micro Economics – economy of 1 business GNP (Gross National Product) - Total production made by Filipino people in the Philippines and other country GDP (Gross Domestic Product) – Total production made by Filipino people in the Philippines National Income – Money value? Income/time Per Capita Income – Income/person Demand –Needs, desire Supply – products, goods Trade – Exchange of goods that involve money Barter - Exchange of goods without money Monopoly – who controlled? Flow of goods controlled by 1 businessman Oligopoly – Flow of goods controlled by many businessmen Inflation – Price? Increase of price Deflation – decrease of price Appreciation – Value? Increase of value Depreciation – Decrease of value Import – Flow of goods? Goods going inside our country Export – Goods going out to our country White Collar Mania – Nature of job? Working entire day without dirt Blue Collar Mania – Working entire day with dirt Brain Drain – Tend to look for greener pasture by migrating to other country

ACRONYM – word formed from initial letters while Abbreviation is to shortened the word (eg. Abbrev.) SONA – State of the Nation Address ISIS – Islamic State of Iraq and Syria TRAIn Law – Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion

PAR – Philippine Area of Responsibility GAD – Gender And Development LASER – Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation SCUBA – Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)

HISTORY José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Realonda – Filipino nationalist and polymath during the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. Emilio Aguinaldo – First and the youngest President of the Philippines and first president of a constitutional republic in Asia. Apolinario Mabini – served first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as the first Prime Minister of the Philippines upon the establishment of the First Philippine Republic. Emilio Jacinto – Brains of the Katipunan, Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK) Antonio Luna – Filipino army general who fought in the Philippine–American War. Marcelo H. del Pilar – Writer (Pen name Plaridel), lawyer, journalist, and freemason, La Solidaridad Muhammad Kudarat – 7th Sultan of Maguindanao, fought off Spanish invasions and hindered the spread of Roman Catholicism in the island of Mindanao Juan Luna – Filipino painter (Spoliarium), sculptor and a political activist of the Philippine Revolution Andrés Bonifacio – The Father of the Philippine Revolution, President of Tagalog, 1 st prime minister of the Philippines Gregoria de Jesús – “Aling Oriang”, wife of Andres Bonifacio, founder and vice-president of the women's chapter of the Katipunan of the Philippines. Melchora Aquino – “Tandang Sora”, Grand Woman of the Revolution, Mother of Balintawak Gabriela Silang – first female leader of a Filipino movement for independence from Spain...