C468 Informatics Study Guide for objective exam PDF

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● Information Literacy: The ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate and use needed information effectively. How does info literacy support EBP in nursing? Nurse can use research and apply/consult resources/peers/internet....

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Information Management and the Application of Technology ● Information Literacy: The ability to recognize when information is needed as well as the skills to find, evaluate and use needed information effectively. How does info literacy support EBP in nursing? Nurse can use research and apply/consult resources/peers/internet. ● Nursing informatics: an integration of nursing science, computer science, and information science. The unique combination of sciences creates a blend that is greater than the sum of its parts. ● Information: Data that has been interpreted. How is info related to data? Info is data interpreted. ● Information science: This is the focus on how to gather, process and transform information into knowledge. It also incorporates features from these 5 other sciences: communication science, computer science, social science, library science and cognitive science. ● Using the EHR to document care of a patient with a femur fracture is an example of using the EHR in which way?—Information System Decubitus ulcer can be documented in the EHR bc of-Information System. ● Information Management: an elemental process within informatics where one can file, store, and manipulate data. ● Knowledge vs wisdom-- wisdom is knowledge that is applied in an appropriate manner. ● Common features of Health Info Systems: Comprehensive medical hx, unique way they function and provide info clinicians, collects/processes/distributes data to manage and provide care. ● ROM used by computer when it’s turned on-- BIOS input/output (I/) system. ● Cognitive informatics: The study of the connection between the brains and minds way of collecting and processing info. ● Connectionism: the component of cognitive science that uses computer modeling through artificial neural networks to try to explain human intellectual abilities. ● Ethics: a process of various ways of understanding and examining the moral life. ● Morals: a social convention about right and wrong human conduct that are so widely shared that they form a stable general agreement. ● Principlism: a theoretical framework that emerged as a foundation for ethical decision making. ● Usability: the ease of learning a computer application, and other issues of human performance. ● The Metaparadigm: the key concepts of nurse, person, health and environment. ● Decision Support System: A rule based system that uses a knowledge base and a set of rules to make action recommendations. ● How can using simulation technology with your patients improve overall outcomes—By allowing them hands on practice and immediate feedback of the skill being learned. ● Knowledge Workers: Nurses in this type of role are continuous learners, use technology to support and inform nursing practice, and generate knowledge as a product. Information is a nurse’s primary resource. ● Experienced nurse know how to pull trends out of data. Data Mining: uses data applications and sifts through large amounts of data and looks for previously hidden trends. ● Clinical practice guidelines can allow for the creation of nursing policies. They are also examples of clinical decision support tool. ● Sees Flu Vacc due before DC to meet a clinical pathway--to promote desired outcomes.

● Nursing Informatics Specialist decided to ignore the personnel. Which barrier in implementing technology is this?-- Lack of continued support. ● INCP: standardizing nursing terminology of nursing diagnoses, actions and outcomes. ● CPOE, barcode medication administration and clinical decision support are all examples of what? —Information Technologies ● What is the name used to process by which the physician or provider enters orders electronically into the system—CPOE ● A radio frequency identifier (RFID) is a type of technology that is used to identify and track supplied and medication within a healthcare environment?—True o Also used to track medical equipment and patient location ● Clinical pathways and computer generated care plans are examples of how information can affect nursing practice. –True ● Nursing Informatics: The use of technology and information to help support all aspects of nursing practice. Barcode scanning for medication administration ● The Foundation of Knowledge Model: This is the basis for which knowledge is used to meet the needs of the healthcare delivery system. It is derived from its 3 key elements of knowledge: 1. acquisition 2. knowledge processing 3. knowledge dissemination ● A patient’s height, weight, code status and date of birth are all examples of what?—Data. Once you take data, analyze and interpret it, it then becomes information. ● What is not an emerging trend in healthcare?—Less consumer accountability ● Mission: This is the purpose or reason for an organization’s existence. ● Strategic Planning: This is the development of a comprehensive long-range plan for guiding the activities and operations of an organization. ● What is not a reason why it’s important that selection committee board members understand software and electronic processes?—They will need to become trained on the system. They aren’t the end users who need to be trained in the system. They just have to have a general understanding of it. ● Strategic planning is driven by all of the following except? (Short term goals, organizations mission and values, services offered or long term goals) –Short term goals ● What is not a national trend related to nursing informatics?—Blogging as a means to give report ● During which phase of the information system life cycle should the “musts” and “wants” be determined?—Needs assessment ● Information System Lifestyle: o 1) Needs assessment phase—gap analysis, determine needs and wants in an information system. o 2) System selection phase—Organization seeks out vendor company that provides a system that best fits the needs. Has 3 documents that are used. ▪ Request for information document—Initial contact that the organization has with the vendor. Get essential information about the company like history. How many other organizations have used them. ▪ Request for Proposal document—Organization prioritizes or rates their needs and wants. Sends the outline to the vendor and asks if they can meet this need.

▪ Request for Quote document—Pricing, finances. Contract terms. 3) System implementation phase—Go live planning. Training staff. Analyst starts building screens and templates according to organization and its policies. Makes any changes specific to that organization. Go live. o 4) Maintenance phase—problem solving, any debugging. Files backed up routinely and install any system upgrades. Make sure it’s working as intended. Project Scope: This term defines the size and details of a collaborative effort— Why is the nurses active participation in electronic patient information important?—To ensure the information is current and accessible to the healthcare team. Which of the following is not the responsibility of the project implementation team?—Present system design to the management. Which is not a phase of the information system life cycle?—System evaluation A common request contained in a request for information document includes?--Company history Which item below does not play a role in system implementation? (Investigating current deficits and needs of the organization, go live planning, applying system changes as needed, or end user training)—Investigating current deficits and needs of the organization Which term best applied when describing the life cycle of an information system?—Continuous Which one example is an essential component of the EHR—Evidenced based decision support Which is NOT an essential component of EHR?—cost of procedures Which is a function of the EHR?—Barcode medication administration Which of the following are considered benefits using the EHR?—Reduces medication error, improves provider documentation. A benefit of the EHR is that is can provide patient support. Which is an example of patient support?—Patient education material such as reducing sodium intake. One primary benefit of EHR is a decrease in wait time for diagnostic testing—False. Not PRIMARY What is the primary goal of EHR functionality in contrast to that of a health information system? —Promotes patient safety. Health information system—Administrative information side and critical information. o Administration System—Registration systems. Admission, discharge, transfer, financial and billing, scheduling o (3 types) Clinical Info System ▪ Lab system ▪ Order entry system ▪ Monitoring system Waiting until the end of the shift to document your patient assessments into the HER could be considered a barrier to patient-centered care—True The position of the computer can be seen as a potential barrier if it constricts the view between the patient and healthcare professional—True. What potential challenges can occur when implementing an EHR throughout a medical center with various outpatient clinic?—standardization of data/different data needs for each outpatient clinic. Name the type of connection needed to access the EHR when an internet connection is lost?— LAN—local area network access What patient information would a nurse NOT retrieve from the EHR? Spouse’s medical history. o

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● How does the EHR help patients receive quality care when going from one facility to another?— Providing continuity of care. Interoperability. ● The EHR is a longitudinal electronic patient record of all healthcare encounters—True. ● Which 2 items could the RN use to access a patient’s medications from a med administration system such as a pyxis?—Barcoded ID card or employee badge, fingerprint (biometrics) ● Order entry system: This type of health information system ensures the accuracy of physician orders. ● A registration system is also commonly referred to as which of the following—Admission, discharge, transfer (ADT) system. ● Health information systems: A group of systems used within a hospital that support and enhance healthcare. ● Why is it important to secure staff nurses active participation when implementing a health information system?—Nurses knowledge of current patient care workflow may improve implementation decisions. ● Why are standardized terminologies important to nursing?—They improve communication among interdisciplinary teams. Creating economic incentives and policies that providers view as essential to accomplishing their financial and professional goals. ● Which is NOT an example of a health information system?—Departmental system. ● Which nursing terminology contains nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes specific to the perioperative experience?—Perioperative nursing data set ● International classification of diseases ICD focuses more on billing codes. ● Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC): focuses on intervention terminologies specific to different types of nursing intervention. ● Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC): focuses on nursing outcomes. ● ***The development of standardized terminologies in Nursing Informatics is driven by the following principles—Accessibility, ubiquity, longevity, and reusability ● Why is it important that departments collaborate with one another when selecting a health information system?—Collaboration leads to knowledge sharing ● Which is NOT an example of an administrative information system?—Clinical Documentation System ● Clinical information systems are effective for all of the following reasons except—It replaces the need for unit training. ● This acronym is used to refer to a standard of interoperability and the exchange of clinical data— HL7 (Health Level 7) ● Financial systems are designed to do what?—Manage the expenses and revenue of providing healthcare, report and track fiscal outcomes as they relate to organizational goals and help to determine the organization's strategic direction. ● What challenges might an organization face when trying to implement a health information system throughout their various specialty clinics—Identifying the difference data needed for each specialty practice. ● What is a challenge to the adoption of EHealth strategies? Creating economic incentives and policies that providers view as essential to accomplishing their financial and professional goals. ● Characteristics of clinical decision support—Takes your patient specific data or information and analyzes it or compares it against a specific rule, and then it provides some type of

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recommendation. Provides prompt, alert, reminder. (ie: Helping to build a care plan, saying a patient may be septic based on such and such values, etc). o Clinical practice guidelines—can access to see how to do a procedure, treat a condition, clinical decision support by helping guide better care of a patient. o Smart infusion pump, clinical pathways (according to patients condition, it lays out what you need to do for the patient from admission to discharge). Electronic drug references to look at info on drugs. (ie: Lexicomp, Trussel’s IV compatibility) 3 principles that help make up an organization's culture of safety 1. commitment of resources (organization provides you with training, technology and tools you need to take care of your patients.), 2. cross collaboration (as members of a healthcare team we are continuously collaborating with one another to devise best tx for a patient), 3. blame-free environment (if there’s an error or near event, use as a teaching opportunity. Debriefing to discuss the prevention of this in the future.) o Technology has helped to influence the culture of safety by having doctors put orders in on computer, seeing orders for patients from different departments, giving medication and it signaling if there’s an allergy or drug-to-drug interaction with what you’re going to give, and cross collaboration with other nurses having to be a 2nd witness (heparin, insulin, PCA pumps, medication waste). Information Security—Greatest risks to data security are unauthorized personnel gaining access to the equipment and removable storage devices (USB/harddrives). 2 governing bodies that obligate nurses to protect patient information—HIPAA and Nursing Code of Ethics by the ANA. o HIPAA allows patients to have ownership rights to the record. They also have correction rights. This helps to secure patient medical information. Physically protecting patient information—Surveillance cameras, use of restricted area, shredding of paper material. Logical protecting patient information—Installing firewall protection, use of biometrics (fingerprints, scanning of eye), authentication (user specific passwords), automatic sign off. Telehealth—Store and forward technology. Form of transferring data or images from one location to another. (ie: Test performed in one area and then transfer results or image to another area to be read or interpreted (CXR, pathology reports, radiology images) Socioeconomic and driving factors for telehealth— o Access to care, to remove geographical barriers, serving rural areas as well. o Continuity of care—patient lives far away and needs follow up or are disabled and can’t make appointments, could send them home with a mobile monitoring device. Or could video conference. (Telehealth) o Ratio of patients as there are available providers—tele-consultants can help. o Increase in chronic disease condition. Ethical and legal factors with telehealth—need for telehealth nurses to keep extensive documentation. Also have to be licensed in every state they practice telehealth. Clinical vs. Non clinical applications of telehealth—

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Clinical—transmitting a chest xray to be read, mobile device to monitor patient, live video conferencing to check in with patient or caregiver to make sure dressing change is correct or administering medication.

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Nonclinical—telehealth nurse is doing research with online database. Administrative team is holding meeting with live video conference, not using for patient purposes.

● 1970--computerized nursing care plans. ● What drives healthcare to utilize technology today? Patient safety issues. ● Bioinformatics: an interdisciplinary science with a focus on data management and interpretation for complex biological phenomena that are analyzed and visualized using mathematical modeling and numerical methodologies with predictive algorithms. ● Computational biology: the actual process of analyzing and interpreting data. ● Transitional research: This type of research is focused on the generation of more research. ● Qualitative research: NOT considered EBP ● Open Access Initiative: refers to digital literature movement available to anyone free of charge with internet access....