Campbell Biology 49 - Dr. Stern Cardinale PDF

Preview

Summary

Dr. Stern Cardinale...

Description

Kara Krivanos September 2nd, 2019 Biology Stern Cardinale 49.4 Changes in synaptic connections underlie memory and learning ●

Regulated gene expression and signal transduction establish overall structure of the nervous system ● Competition among neurons to survive ○ Cells that don't receive growth-supporting factors die ○ Half are eliminated ● Synapse elimination ○ Activity of neurons allow some synapse to stabilize while some are lost Neural Plasticity ● Neural plasticity: the capacity for the NS to be remodeled, especially in response to its own activity ● When connection between synapses are correlated with each other, the signal gets stronger while ones that fail being to weaken Memory and Learning ● Short-term memory: information is held until it becomes irrelevant ● Long-term memory: when we wish to retain certain information ● Information is stored in the cerebral cortex ● Short-term memory is accessed through links formed in the hippocampus ● When STM is made into LTM, the links are made into more permanent connections within the cerebral cortex Long-Term Potentiation ● LTP: a lasting increase in the strength of synapse transmission ● For LPT to occur, there must be a high frequency series of action potentials in the presynaptic neuron. These action potentials must arrive at the synaptic terminal at the same time the postsynaptic cells receives a depolarizing stimulus ● Two types of glutamate receptors ○ NMDA ○ AMPA...