Cell review wksh - Lecture notes 1 PDF

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CHAPTER 4 REVIEW MULTIPLE CHOICE Write the correct letter in the blank.

Section 1 ______ 1. One early piece of evidence supporting the cell theory was the observation that a. only plants are composed of cells. c. cells come from other cells. b. only animals are cells d. animal cells come from plant composed of cells. ______ 2. The scientist who described cells as “many little boxes” was a. Robert Hooke. c. Theodor Schwann. b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek. d. Rudolf Virchow. ______ 3. Living and nonliving things are different in that only a. nonliving things are made of cells. c. living things are made of cells. b. nonliving things are made atoms d. living things are made of atoms. ______ 4. Microscopes were used to study cells beginning in the a. 16th century. c. 18th century. b. 17th century. d. 19th century. ______ 5. The advantage of van Leeuwenhoek’s microscopes was that a. they were simple. c. the lenses could be moved. b. they had two lenses d. the lenses were ground very precisely. ______ 6. Which of the following was a major event in the history of cell biology? a. cloning animals c. discovery of cell parts b. growing bone tissue for transplant d. All of the above ______ 7. A light microscope uses optical lenses to magnify objects by a. bending light rays. c. reflecting beams of light. b. bending electron beams. d. reflecting beams of electrons.

Section 2 ______ 1. Cells are limited in size by the a. rate at which substances c.amount of needed by the cell can enter the material the cell can collect to cell through its surface. fill itself. b. rate at which the cell can d.amount of cell manufacture genetic information. membrane the cell can produce. ______ 2. The diameter of most plant and animal cells is about a. 0.1 to 0.2 µm. b. 10 to 50 µm. c. 1 to 2 mm. d. 10 to 50 mm.

______ 3. The characteristic of a nerve cell that relates directly to its function in receiving and transmitting nerve impulses is its a.long extensions. c. ability to change shape. b.flat shape. d. ability to engulf and destroy bacteria. ______ 4. One difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that only a.prokaryotic cells are surrounded by c. eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane. genetic information. b. prokaryotic cells have a nucleus. d. eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

Section 3 ______ 1. The plasma membrane a.allows all substances to pass into c. is composed mainly of a protein and out of the cell. bilayer. b.prevents all substances from d. is composed mainly of a lipid passing into & out of the cell. bilayer. ______ 2. Substances produced in a cell and exported outside of the cell would pass through the a. endoplasmic reticulum and c. nucleus and lysosomes. Golgi apparatus. b. mitochondria and Golgi d. vacuoles and lysosomes. apparatus. ______ 3. Cells that have a high energy requirement generally have many a. nuclei. b. flagella. c. mitochondria. d. microfilaments. ______ 4. Viruses, bacteria, and old organelles that a cell ingests are broken down in a. ribosomes. c. the rough endoplasmic reticulum. b. lysosomes. d. the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. ______ 5. Organelles that are surrounded by two membranes and contain DNA are the a. nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes. b. nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum, and chloroplasts. c. nucleus and mitochondria. d. endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS This diagram represents a typical animal cell. Label

each part of the figure in the spaces provided. a.mitochondria b.nucleus c.nucleolus d. Golgi apparatus

e. E.R

Section 4 ______ 1. Which of the following organelles is found in plant cells but not in animal cells? a. nucleus c. mitochondrion b. chloroplast d. Golgi apparatus ______ 2. The end products of photosynthesis include a. carbon dioxide and water. c. carbon dioxide and oxygen. b. sugars. d. oxygen and water. ______ 3. A cell that contains a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a central vacuole is a a. plant cell. b. animal cell. c. prokaryotic cell. d. bacterial cell. ______ 4. A central vacuole forms from a. chloroplasts. b. fusion of amyloplasts.

c. the fusion of smaller vacuoles. d. the products of photosynthesis.

______ 5. Thylakoids are located a. between the two membranes of a chloroplast. b. outside the outer membrane of a chloroplast. c. inside the inner membrane of a chloroplast. d. in chromoplasts. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Label each part of the figure in the spaces provided.

This diagram represents a typical plant cell. a. Golgi apparatus b. Cell wall c. Vacuole d. Nucleus e. Nucleolus f. Mitochondria g. Ribosome h. Chloroplast i. E.R

Chapter 5 Review Section 1 ______ 1. Substances that can pass through cell membranes by diffusion include a. Na+ ions. b. CI ions. c. glucose. d. oxygen. ______ 2. The contractile vacuole of a paramecium should be active when the paramecium is in a. an isotonic environment. c. a hypertonic environment. b. a hypotonic environment. d. any environment. ______ 3. When a human red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic environment, it will a. undergo cytolysis. c. experience a decrease in turgor pressure. b. undergo plasmolysis. d. be at equilibrium. ______ 4. Facilitated diffusion is often used to transport a. ions. c. molecules that are not soluble in lipids. b. water. d. molecules that are too small to diffuse across the membrane. ______ 5. Na+ ions enter cells by a. diffusing across the lipid bilayer without assistance b. diffusing through Na+ ion channels.

c. binding to Na+ carrier proteins. d. binding to CI ions.

Section 2 ______ 1. Facilitated-diffusion carrier proteins and cell-membrane pumps both a. require an input of c. transport substances up their energy. concentration gradients. b. are specific for the kinds of d. carry out active transport. substances they transport. ______ 2. The sodium-potassium pump transports a. Na+ out of the cell and K+ c. K+ out of the cell and Na+ into into the cell. the cell. b. Na+ and K+ in both directions d. Na+ during some cycles and K+ across the cell membrane during other cycles. ______ 3. The energy needed to power the sodium-potassium pump is provided by the a. binding of ATP to the c. removal of a phosphate group pump. from ATP. b. transport of ATP by the pump. d. formation of ATP. ______ 4. Pinocytosis involves the transport of a. large particles out of a cell. c. whole cells into another cell. b. fluids into a cell. d. lysosomes out of a cell. ______ 5. Exocytosis is a

a. b. c. d.

type of passive transport. mechanism by which cells ingest other cells. transport process in which vesicles are formed from pouches in the cell membrane. way for cells to release large molecules, such as proteins.

STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS Use the figure to answer the following questions.

1. The diagrams below represent the six steps in one cycle of the sodium-potassium pump. The order of the steps has been scrambled. Beginning with diagram d (numbered 1), sequence the remaining diagrams by writing the appropriate numeral in each blank. 2. On which side of the membrane are Na+ ions released from the pump?________ 3. On which side of the membrane are K+ ions released from the pump?________

2. c 3. f 4. b 5. a 6. e...