Ch 5 - Professor: Jennifer Putney PDF

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Professor: Jennifer Putney...

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1. An accurate statement about a reliable measure is that it ______. a. does not provide a true score b. accounts for values of confounding variables c. yields different results each time a test is administered to the same person d. does not fluctuate from one reading to the next 2. The real score of an individual on a given variable is referred to as a ______ score. a. Random b. True c. Measurement d. common 3. The reliability of a test can be increased by ______. a. reducing the difference between the true score and the measured score b. administering the test only in a controlled environment c. ensuring that the measured variables have a low positive correlation coefficient d. maintaining a positive linear relationship between the measured variables 4. If a reliable measure of behavior fluctuates, there is ______. a. negligible measurement error b. a positive linear relationship between the measured variables c. a curvilinear relationship between the measured variables d. error in the measurement device 5. Match the correlation coefficients of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (in the left column) with the relationship between variables that they symbolize (in the right column). a. 0.00 Two variables are not related at all b. 1.00 The relationship between two variables is strong c. 0.12 The relationship between two variables is weak 6. If a measure of behavior is reliable, the two scores obtained on the measure should be very similar; a Pearson correlation coefficient that relates the two scores should be a ______. a. low positive correlation b. high positive correlation c. low negative correlation d. high negative correlation 7. The correlation coefficient most commonly referred to when discussing reliability is ______. a. Cohen's kappa correlation coefficient b. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient c. the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability coefficient d. the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient 8. ___ ____ reliability is assessed by measuring the same individuals at two points in time Test retest

9. While assessing test-retest reliability, ______ is used to avoid deriving an artificially high correlation. a. alternate forms reliability b. interrater reliability c. split-half reliability d. internal consistency reliability 10. It is possible to assess reliability by measuring individuals at only one point in time. This is because most psychological measures are made up of a number of different questions, called ______. a. Items b. Scores c. Criteria d. variables 11. Alternate forms reliability requires administering ______. a. the same test to different individuals at the same time b. two different forms of the same test to different individuals at the same time c. two different forms of the same test to the same individuals at two points in time d. the same test to the same individuals at two points in time 12. Which of the following is the basis of the value of Cronbach’s alpha? (Check all that apply.) a. the difference between the numbers on a scale b. the nominal scales of an independent variable c. the number of items in the measure d. the average of all the inter-item correlation coefficients 13. ____ _____ correlations examine the correlation of each item score on a test with the total score based on all items and provide information about each individual item. Item total 14. Which of the following is the most commonly used indicator of reliability based on internal consistency and provides one with the average of all possible split-half reliability coefficients? a. the Pearson correlation coefficient b. interrater reliability c. the Shy Q measure d. Cronbach's alpha 15. In split-half reliability, the corrected reliability is termed the ______ reliability coefficient. a. Spearman-Brown split-half b. Pearson split-half c. Cronbach's alpha d. Cohen's kappa 16. Which of the following is the basis of the value of Cronbach’s alpha? (Check all that apply.) a. the difference between the numbers on a scale

b. the average of all the inter-item correlation coefficients c. the nominal scales of an independent variable d. the number of items in the measure 17. ______ is the extent to which raters agree in their observations. Interrater reliability 18. A drawback of split-half reliability is that it ______. is based on only one of many possible ways of dividing the measure into halves 19. Which of the following is the most commonly used indicator of reliability based on internal consistency and provides one with the average of all possible split-half reliability coefficients? Cronach's Alpha 20. Unlike accuracy of measures, the reliability of a test is not indicative of whether the test is a good measure of the test's variable of interest 21. An accurate statement about face validity is that it involves ______. only a judgment of whether the content of a given measure appears to actually measure the variable 22. ___ ____ refers to the adequacy of the operational definition of variables. Construct validity 23. Identify an accurate statement about content validity. It focuses on assessing whether a measure reflects the universe of knowledge about a construct. 24. Which of the following indicators of construct validity relies on research that examines how scores on a measure relate to other measures of behavior? (Check all that apply.) concurrent validity discriminant validity convergent validity predictive validity 25. When a measure is not related to variables with which it should not be related, ______ validity is demonstrated. Discriminant 26. True or false: There must be only one value or level of a particular variable False 27. In an experiment, the independent variable is often a(n) ______. nominal or categorical variable 28. Identify the accurate statements about measurement scales. (Check all that apply.) The measurement scale used determines the types of statistics that are appropriate when results of a study are analyzed. The conclusions one draws about the meaning of a particular score on a variable depend on which type of measurement scale is used. 29....