Ch21 - practice questions for the chapter PDF

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practice questions for the chapter...

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Package Title: Testbank Course Title: pap15 Chapter Number: 21 Shuffle: Yes Case Sensitive: No

Question type: Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following blood vessels carries blood away from the heart to other organs? a) arteries b) capillaries c) venules d) arterioles e) veins Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.2 Outline the vessels through which the blood moves in its passage from the heart to the capillaries and back. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Question type: Multiple Choice

2) Which of the following blood vessels carries blood from the tissues back to the heart? a) arteries b) arterioles c) aorta d) veins e) capillaries Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them.

Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.2 Outline the vessels through which the blood moves in its passage from the heart to the capillaries and back. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Question type: Multiple Choice

3) Which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction? a) tunica interna b) tunica media c) tunica externa d) tunica albuginea e) tunica fascia Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.1 Contrast the structure and function of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

4) A blockage in the proximal portion of the right subclavian artery will not only affect circulation to the right arm, but also to the a) left arm b) left ventricle c) right ventricle d) left vertebral artery e) left common carotid artery Answer: d Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.10 Identify the three principal arteries that branch from the arch of the aorta. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.10 The Arch of the Aorta 5) The bronchial arteries arise from the

a) left subclavian artery b) brachiocephalic trunk c) right subclavian artery d) left common carotid artery e) thoracic aorta Answer: e Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.11 Identify the visceral and parietal branches of the thoracic aorta. Reference Section 1: Sec 21.11 Thoracic Aorta

6) A blockage in the external iliac artery will reduce blood flow to the a) external iliac artery b) common iliac artery c) femoral artery d) abdominal aorta e) ileal artery Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.13 Identify the two major branches of the common iliac ateries. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.13 Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs 7) In resting individuals, which vessels serve as a large blood reservoir from which blood can be quickly diverted to other vessels as needed? a) Arteries and arterioles b) Arterioles and capillaries c) Venules and capillaries d) Veins and venules e) Aorta and veins Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.3 Distinguish between pressure reservoirs and blood reservoirs.

Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

8) In order to supply nourishment to liver tissue, which vessel must deliver blood to the organ? a) hepatic artery b) hepatic vein c) hepatic portal vein d) superior mesenteric artery e) splenic artery Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.20 Describe the importance of the hepatic portal system. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.20 Circulatory Routes: The Hepatic Portal Circulation

9) If a patient is confined to bed and is unable to walk at all, which of the following will be seriously affected? a) blood flow to the lungs b) blood flow to the kidneys c) the circulation returning from the lower body d) circulation in the jugular veins d) blood flow to the intestines Answer: c Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.19 Identify the principal superficial and deep veins that drain the lower limbs. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.19 Veins of the Lower Limbs 10) Capillaries are also referred to as a) exchange vessels. b) vasoconstrictors. c) vasodilators. d) pressure reservoirs. e) distributing vessels. Answer: a

Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.2 Outline the vessels through which the blood moves in its passage from the heart to the capillaries and back. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Question Type: Essay

11) How might drugs that inhibit angiogenesis and are used to treat tumors, increase the risk of a heart attack in an older individual with atherosclerosis? Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Synthesis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.3 Distinguish between pressure reservoirs and blood reservoirs. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels Solution: Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, is an important process in developing collateral circulation around partially obstructed (due to atherosclerotic plaque) coronary arteries. These new blood vessels act to conduct blood to cardiac muscle tissue when the circulation in the original vessels is impaired by the plaques. If angiogenesis is inhibited in an effort to “starve” a tumor, the new blood vessel growth in the heart may also be inhibited thus leading to a greater risk of a heart attack if the original coronary artery becomes completely clogged.

Question type: Text Drop Down

12) The layer of a blood vessel that is in direct contact with the blood is the [dropdown 1] while the layer of the vessel that is made up of smooth muscle and elastic fibers is the [dropdown 2]. Dropdown 1 choices: tunica albuginea tunica externa tunica interna tunica media tunica vasculosa Answer 1: tunica interna

Dropdown 2 choices:: tunica albuginea tunica externa tunica interna tunica media tunica vasculosa Answer 2: tunica media Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.1 Contrast the structure and function of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Question type: Multiple Choice

13) Which of the following is the most important method of capillary exchange? a) diffusion b) facilitated diffusion c) bulk flow d) primary active transport e) secondary active transport Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.2 Discuss the pressures that cause movement of fluids between capillaries and interstitial spaces. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.2 Capillary Exchange

14) Which of the following structures is used to control the flow of blood through a capillary bed? a) thoroughfare channels b) precapillary sphincters c) postcapillary sphincters d) venules

e) valves in veins Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Question type: Multiple Choice

15) Which of the following types of tissues contains continuous capillaries? a) skeletal muscle b) smooth muscle c) connective tissue d) lungs e) all of these choices Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

Question type: Multiple Choice

16) The alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis is called a) a thoroughfare channel. b) a blood reservoir. c) a detour route. d) collateral circulation. e) microcirculation. Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application

Learning Objective 1: LO 21.1 Describe the relationships among the different blood vessels and the movement of blood through them. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.1.2 Outline the vessels through which the blood moves in its passage from the heart to the capillaries and back. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

17) The largest driving force for pulling fluid from the interstitial spaces back into the capillaries is a) interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure. b) interstitial fluid osmotic pressure. c) blood colloid osmotic pressure. d) blood hydrostatic pressure. e) glomerular hydrostatic pressure. Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.2 Discuss the pressures that cause movement of fluids between capillaries and interstitial spaces. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.2 Capillary Exchange

Question type: Multiple Choice

18) The pressure-driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called a) reabsorption. b) filtration. c) bulk flow. d) osmosis. e) transcytosis. Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.2 Discuss the pressures that cause movement of fluids between capillaries and interstitial spaces. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.2 Capillary Exchange Question type: Multiple Choice

19) The volume of blood that circulates through the systemic (or pulmonary) blood vessels per minute is called a) stroke volume. b) tidal volume. c) cardiac output. d) cardiac reserve. e) total peripheral resistance. Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.3 Describe the relationship between blood volume, pressure, and flow. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.3.1 Explain the factors that regulate the volume of blood flow. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.3 Hemodynamics: Factors Affecting Blood Flow

20) Cardiac output is dependent on both a) heart rate and stroke volume. b) stroke volume and systemic vascular resistance. c) heart rate and systemic vascular resistance. d) blood type and stroke volume. e) blood pressure and heart rate Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.3 Describe the relationship between blood volume, pressure, and flow. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.3.2 Explain how blood pressure changes throughout the cardiovascular system. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.3 Hemodynamics: Factors Affecting Blood Flow

Question type: Multiple Selection

21) Vascular resistance depends on which of these factors? Select all that apply. a) size of the blood vessel lumen b) blood viscosity

c) total blood vessel length d) glucose content of the blood Answer 1: a Answer 2: b Answer 3: c Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.3 Describe the relationship between blood volume, pressure, and flow. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.3.3 Describe the factors that determine mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.3 Hemodynamics: Factors Affecting Blood Flow

Question type: Multiple Choice

22) Which of the following would NOT result in an increase in arterial blood pressure? a) Increased blood volume b) Increased sympathetic stimulation c) Increased heart rate d) Increased stroke volume e) Increased arteriolar vasodilation Answer: e Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.4 Describe how blood pressure is regulated. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.4 Control of Blood Pressure and Blood Flow

23) Which of the following would NOT result in an increase in systemic vascular resistance? a) Decreased diameter of systemic arterioles b) Increased blood viscosity c) Decreased length of the systemic circulatory route d) Increased vasoconstriction of systemic arterioles e) Increased red blood cell count Answer: c Difficulty: Medium

Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.3 Describe the relationship between blood volume, pressure, and flow. Learning Objective 2: LO 21.3.3 Describe the factors that determine mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.3 Hemodynamics: Factors Affecting Blood Flow

24) The right common carotid artery branches directly off the a) left common carotid artery b) left subclavian artery c) brachiocephalic trunk d) right subclavian artery e) right coronary artery Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.10 Identify the three principal arteries that branch from the arch of the aorta. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.10 The Arch of the Aorta

25) Which of the following is NOT a contribution of the cardiovascular system to other body systems? a) Blood delivers clotting factors and WBCs that aid in hemostasis when skin is damaged. b) Blood delivers calcium and phosphate ions that are needed for building bone extracellular matrix. c) Blood carries carbon dioxide to body tissues and removes oxygen for use by other organs. d) Blood carries newly absorbed nutrients and water to the liver. e) Blood circulates cells and chemicals that carry out immune functions. Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.25 Describe how the cardiovascular system contributes to homeostasis Section Reference 1: Sec Focus on Homeostasis: The Cardiovascular System

26) The cardiovascular center is located a) in the thoracic cavity. b) in the cerebral cortex. c) in the cerebellum. d) in the medulla oblongata. e) in the hypothalamus. Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.4 Describe how blood pressure is regulated. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.4 Control of Blood Pressure and Blood Flow

27) The most common disorder affecting the heart and blood vessels is a) hypotension b) aneurysm c) infarction d) arrhythmia e) hypertension Answer: e Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.26 Describe the disorders that affect blood vessels Reference Section 1: Sec Disorders: Homeostatic Imbalances that Affect the Cardiovascular System

28) Pericardial arteries supply blood to the a) outer heart muscle b) tissue of the aorta c) tissue of the pulmonary trunk d) tissues of the pericardial sac e) all of these Answer: d Difficulty: Easy

Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.11 Identify the visceral and parietal branches of the thoracic aorta. Reference Section 1: Sec 21.11 Thoracic Aorta 29) Which of the following hormones would NOT stimulate changes that lead to an increase in arterial blood pressure? a) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) b) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) c) Aldosterone d) Angiotensin II e) Norepinephrine Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.4 Describe how blood pressure is regulated. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.4 Control of Blood Pressure and Blood Flow

30) Blood flow passing through the posterior aspect of the knee is achieved through the a) tibial arteries b) popliteal arteries c) common iliac arteries d) internal iliac arteries e) external iliac arteries Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.13 Identify the two major branches of the common iliac arteries Reference Section 1: Sec 21.13 Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs

Question type: Essay

31) Compare and contrast the processes of diffusion, transcytosis and bulk flow in the process of capillary exchange.

Answer: Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Analysis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.2 Discuss the pressures that cause movement of fluids between capillaries and interstitial spaces. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.2 Capillary Exchange Solution: Diffusion through capillaries is the simple movement of molecules such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose and other substances through capillary walls from higher to lower concentrations. The substances cross the capillary walls through intercellular clefts or fenestrations or through endothelial cells. Transcytosis is a process by which some material crosses capillary walls. These substances in the blood plasma become enclosed within pinocytic vesicles that must enter the endothelial cells lining the capillaries by endocytosis. Once inside the cells, the vesicles cross the cells and exit by exocytosis. The process is used mainly for large, lipid-insoluble molecules that cannot cross capillary walls in any other way. Bulk flow is another passive process whereby large numbers of ions, molecules or particles in a fluid move together in the same direction. The speed of this movement is faster than that achieved by simple diffusion and occurs based on pressure whereby the substances move from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure. The movement continues as long as a pressure gradient continues to exist. Diffusion is used more for solute exchange between blood and interstitial fluid. However, bulk flow regulates the relative volumes of blood and interstitial fluid related to filtration and reabsorption.

Question type: Multiple Choice

32) The circulatory system aids in the homeostasis of the skeletal system by a) delivering calcium b) delivering phosphate c) transporting hormones for bone metabolism d) transporting hormones for production of red blood cells e) all of the above Answer: e Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective 1: LO 21.25 Describe how the cardiovascular system contributes to homeostasis Section Reference 1: Sec Focus on Homeostasis: The Cardiovascular System

33) Nutrients from digested food enter the liver via the a) hepatic portal circulation b) hepatic vein c) abdominal aorta d) inferior vena cava e) renal veins Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.20 Describe the importance of the hepatic portal system. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.20 Circulatory Routes: The Hepatic Portal System

34) Abnormal conditions such as atherosclerosis and patent (open) ductus arteriosus cause a large increase in the a) blood colloid osmotic pressure. b) net filtration pressure c) pulse pressure. d) blood hydrostatic pressure. e) interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure. Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Bloomcode: Application Learning Objective 1: LO 21.5 Define pulse, and systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressures. Section Reference 1: Sec 21.5 Checking Circulation

35) The branches from the ascending aorta that supply blood to the cardiac muscle are the a) circumflex arteries b) coronary arteries c) anterior descending arteries d) interventricular arteries e) pulmonary arteries Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Bloomcode: Knowledge Learning Objective: LO 21.9 Identify the two primary arterial branches of the ascending aorta

Section Reference 1: 21.9 Ascending Aorta

Question type: True/False

36) Direct pressure from the outside of the neck onto the carotid sinuses should stimulate the carotid sinus reflex and slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure. Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Bloomcode: Synthesis Learning Objective 1: LO 21.4 Describe how blood pressure is regulated. Section Reference 1: SO 21.4 Control of Blood Pressure and Blood Flow

Question type: ...