Chap017 - Test Bank for Chapter 17 PDF

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Test Bank for Chapter 17...

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Chapter 17 Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system has: A. more localized and long-lasting effects. B. more widespread and long-lasting effects. C. more localized and short-term effects. D. more widespread and short-term effects.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J01.03 Compare and contrast how the nervous and endocrine systems control body function, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which the controlling signals are transferred through the body and the time course of the response(s) and action(s). HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function. Section: 17.01a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

2. Endocrine glands: A. are ductless glands. B. are the organs of the endocrine system. C. secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. D. help maintain homeostasis. E. All choices are correct

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function. Section: 17.01a Topic: Endocrine System

3. Which is not characteristic of the endocrine system? A. Effects: causes metabolic activity changes in target cells B. Response time: slow reaction time = seconds to hours C. Duration of response: long-lasting = minutes to weeks D. Recovery time: rapid, immediate return to prestimulation level E. Communication method: hormones in the bloodstream

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J01.03 Compare and contrast how the nervous and endocrine systems control body function, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which the controlling signals are transferred through the body and the time course of the response(s) and action(s). HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function. Section: 17.01a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

True / False Questions

4. The reaction time for endocrine effects is generally measured in milliseconds. FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J01.03 Compare and contrast how the nervous and endocrine systems control body function, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which the controlling signals are transferred through the body and the time course of the response(s) and action(s). HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function. Section: 17.01a Topic: Endocrine System

Fill in the Blank Questions

5. The hormones and neurotransmitters released by the endocrine and nervous systems are chemical substances referred to as _________. ligands

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.04 Compare and contrast the mechanism of response that each class elicits (i.e., change in gene expression or change in an intracellular pathway via phosphorylation mechanism) and relate the response mechanism to the biochemical nature of the hormone molecule. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.01 Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and the nervous system to control body function. Section: 17.01a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

True / False Questions

6. Among their many functions, hormones regulate blood volume, cellular concentration, and number of platelets. TRUE

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J01.01 Describe the major functions of the endocrine system. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.02 Describe the general functions controlled by the endocrine system. Section: 17.01b Topic: Endocrine System

7. Although hormones influence activity in the neural and reproductive systems, they do not influence the digestive system. FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J01.01 Describe the major functions of the endocrine system. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.01.02 Describe the general functions controlled by the endocrine system. Section: 17.01b Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

8. The liver contains endocrine cells. TRUE

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.02.01 Distinguish between the two types of organization of endocrine cells. Section: 17.01b Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

9. Each of the body's blood-borne hormones comes from one of the major glands, namely, the pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, or adrenal glands. FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.02.01 Distinguish between the two types of organization of endocrine cells. Section: 17.01b Topic: Endocrine System

Fill in the Blank Questions

10. The small, cone-shaped gland that is in the epithalamus of the brain is the _______ gland. pineal

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J01.02 Define the terms hormone, endocrine gland, endocrine tissue (organ), and target cell. HAPS Topic: Module J01 General functions of the endocrine system. Learning Objective: 17.02.02 Identify the major endocrine glands and their location within the body. Section: 17.02a

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

11. The parathyroid glands are located: A. just below the thalamus. B. within the thymus. C. above the kidneys. D. anterior to the thyroid gland. E. posterior to the thyroid gland.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J05.03b Parathyroid gland: parathyroid hormone: Identify the gland or endocrine tissue/organ and the cells within that gland/tissue/organ that produce the hormone. HAPS Topic: Module J05 Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. Learning Objective: 17.02.02 Identify the major endocrine glands and their location within the body. Section: 17.01b Topic: Endocrine System

12. Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. Such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by: A. hormonal stimulation. B. humoral stimulation. C. neural stimulation. D. positive feedback stimulation.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones. HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion. Learning Objective: 17.02.03 Explain the three reflex mechanisms for regulating secretion of hormones. Section: 17.02b Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

13. Aldosterone release can be triggered by the presence of the blood-borne messenger angiotensin II or by low levels of sodium, and so its secretion regulation is said to be: A. purely neural. B. both hormonal and humoral. C. both antagonistic and synergistic. D. both neural and synergistic. E. purely hormonal.

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: J03.01 List and describe several types of stimuli that control production and secretion of hormones. HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion. Learning Objective: 17.02.03 Explain the three reflex mechanisms for regulating secretion of hormones. Section: 17.02b Topic: Endocrine System

Fill in the Blank Questions

14. Modified amino acids that act as hormones are referred to as ________ amines. biogenic

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.01 List the major chemical classes of hormones found in the human body. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.01 Name the three structural categories of circulating hormones, and give examples within each category. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

15. Thyroid hormone is somewhat unique in that it is a: A. biogenic amine that is lipid soluble. B. protein hormone that is water soluble. C. steroid hormone that is water soluble. D. steroid hormone that is lipid soluble. E. monoamine that is water soluble.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.02 Distinguish the hormones that are lipid-soluble from those that are water-soluble. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

16. Follicle-stimulating hormone is a: A. glycoprotein. B. steroid. C. monoamine. D. oligopeptide.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.01 List the major chemical classes of hormones found in the human body. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.01 Name the three structural categories of circulating hormones, and give examples within each category. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

17. Protein hormones are: A. lipid-soluble. B. water-soluble. C. soluble in both water and lipids. D. soluble in neither water nor lipids.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.02 Distinguish the hormones that are lipid-soluble from those that are water-soluble. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

True / False Questions

18. Steroids, peptides, and nucleic acids are the three classes of hormones. FALSE

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.01 List the major chemical classes of hormones found in the human body. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.01 Name the three structural categories of circulating hormones, and give examples within each category. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

19. Eicosanoids are synthesized from: A. cholesterol. B. prostaglandin. C. arachidonic acid. D. amino acids.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J06.02 List two major types of eicosanoids and discuss their production and functions. HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors. Learning Objective: 17.03.03 Describe the general structure, formation, and function of local hormones. Section: 17.03b Topic: Endocrine System

True / False Questions

20. Eicosanoids are a primary type of local hormone. TRUE

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J06.04 Justify whether or not paracrines, autocrines and growth factors should be considered to be part of the endocrine system. HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors. Learning Objective: 17.03.03 Describe the general structure, formation, and function of local hormones. Section: 17.03b Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

21. Like proteins, eicosanoids are synthesized on ribosomes in a process that involves transcription and translation. FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J06.02 List two major types of eicosanoids and discuss their production and functions. HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors. Learning Objective: 17.03.03 Describe the general structure, formation, and function of local hormones. Section: 17.03b Topic: Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

22. When a chemical messenger helps initiate an inflammatory response by causing cellular changes in neighboring cells, it is demonstrating ___________ signaling. A. autocrine B. paracrine C. allomone D. pheromone

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J06.01 Define the terms paracrine and autocrine. HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors. Learning Objective: 17.03.04 Compare autocrine and paracrine signaling that occurs through local hormones. Section: 17.03b Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Fill in the Blank Questions

23. When eicosanoids bring about cellular changes within the same cell from which they were formed, the process is called _________ stimulation. autocrine

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J06.01 Define the terms paracrine and autocrine. HAPS Topic: Module J06 Local hormones (paracrines & autocrines) & growth factors. Learning Objective: 17.03.04 Compare autocrine and paracrine signaling that occurs through local hormones. Section: 17.03b Topic: Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

24. Most hormones are made of chains of amino acids and are therefore: A. steroids. B. biogenic amines. C. proteins. D. catecholamines.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.01 List the major chemical classes of hormones found in the human body. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.01 Name the three structural categories of circulating hormones, and give examples within each category. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

25. Steroid hormones are lipids, derived from: A. cholesterol. B. glycerol. C. amines. D. polypeptides. E. nucleic acids.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: J02.01 List the major chemical classes of hormones found in the human body. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.03.01 Name the three structural categories of circulating hormones, and give examples within each category. Section: 17.03a Topic: Endocrine System

26. Which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood? A. Autocrine hormone B. Water-soluble hormone C. Oligopeptide D. Lipid-soluble hormone

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.04.01 Compare the transport of water-soluble hormones with that of lipid- soluble hormones. Section: 17.04a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

27. The binding of a hormone and carrier protein is _______; a very ______ fraction of such a hormone in the blood is bound to a carrier at any one point in time. A. temporary, large B. temporary, small C. permanent, large D. permanent, small

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.04.01 Compare the transport of water-soluble hormones with that of lipid- soluble hormones. Section: 17.04a Topic: Endocrine System

True / False Questions

28. Like all other hormone transport proteins, albumin is highly specific in terms of which hormone it carries through the blood. FALSE

Bloom's Level: 3. Apply HAPS Objective: J02.02 Describe how each class is transported in the blood. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.04.01 Compare the transport of water-soluble hormones with that of lipid- soluble hormones. Section: 17.04a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

29. Damage to the liver might impair enzymatic degradation of some hormones. The levels of such hormones in the blood would therefore be expected to: A. increase. B. decrease. C. remain unchanged.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J03.02 Describe the roles of negative and positive feedback in controlling hormone release. HAPS Topic: Module J03 Control of hormone secretion. Learning Objective: 17.04.02 Describe the two primary factors that affect the concentration level of a circulating hormone. Section: 17.04b Topic: Endocrine System

Short Answer Questions

30. Generally, there are two main factors that determine the levels of a hormone in the blood. Explain what those factors are and provide examples of how they might increase or decrease a hormone's level. As per Section 17.4b, hormone synthesis is directly related to plasma hormone levels, and hormone elimination (by liver, kidneys, and target cell uptake) is inversely related to plasma hormone levels.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember Learning Objective: 17.04.02 Describe the two primary factors that affect the concentration level of a circulating hormone. Section: 17.04b

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Questions

31. Generally, the shorter the half-life of a hormone: A. the more frequently it must be replaced. B. the less frequently it must be replaced.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand Learning Objective: 17.04.03 Explain what is meant by the half-life of a hormone. Section: 17.04b Topic: Endocrine System

32. The half-life of a hormone is: A. one half of the time it takes to synthesize the chemical messenger molecule. B. the time necessary to reduce the hormone concentration in the blood to half of what had been secreted. C. half the time until the hormone molecule dissolves. D. half of the duration of the hormone's effects on its target cells throughout the body.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand Learning Objective: 17.04.03 Explain what is meant by the half-life of a hormone. Section: 17.04b Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

33. Lipophilic hormones bind to ___________ receptors of target cells. A. intracellular B. membrane-bound

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand HAPS Objective: J02.03 Compare and contrast the types of receptors (cell membrane or intracellular) that each class binds to. HAPS Topic: Module J02 Chemical classification of hormones & mechanism of hormone actions at receptors. Learning Objective: 17.05.01 Describe how lipid-soluble hormones reach their target receptors and the type of cellular change they initiate. Section: 17.05a Topic: Endocrine System

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Chapter 17 - Endocrine System

34. Lipid-soluble hormones, such as...