Chapter 01 - Fundamentals of Nursing 9th edition - test bank PDF

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Chapt er01:Nur si ngToday Pot t eretal . :Fundament al sofNur si ng,9t hEdi t i on MULTI PLECHOI CE 1.Whi chnur semostl i k el yk eptr ecor dsonsani t at i ont echni quesandt heeffect sonheal t h?

a.

Fl or enceNi ght i ngal e

b.

Mar yNut t i ng

c .

Cl ar aBar t on

d.

Li l l i anWal d

ANS:A Ni ght i ngal ewast hefir stpr act i ci ngnur seepi demi ol ogi st .Herst at i st i cal anal y sesconnect edpoor sani t at i onwi t hchol er aanddysent er y .Mar yNut t i ng,Cl ar aBar t on,andLi l l i anWal dcameaf t er Ni ght i ngal e,eachcont r i but i ngt ot henur si ngpr of essi oni nherownway .Mar yNut t i ngwas i nst r ument ali nmovi ngnur si ngeducat i oni nt ouni v er si t i es.Cl ar aBar t onf oundedt heAmer i canRed Cr oss.Li l l i anWal dhel pedopent heHenr ySt r eetSet t l ement . DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 5 OBJ:Di scusst hei nfluenceofsoci al ,hi st or i cal ,pol i t i cal ,andeconomi cchangesonnur si ng pr act i ces.TOP:Ev al uat i onMSC:Heal t hPr omot i onandMai nt enance 2.Thenur sepr escr i besst r at egi esandal t er nat i vest oat t ai nexpect edout come.Whi chst andar dof nur si ngpr act i cei st henur sef ol l owi ng?

a.

As sess ment

b.

Di agnos i s

c .

Pl anni ng

d.

I mpl ement at i on

ANS:C I npl anni ng,t her egi st er ednur sedevel opsapl ant hatpr escr i besst r at egi esandal t er nat i vest oat t ai n expect edout comes.Dur i ngassessment ,t her egi st er ednur secol l ect scompr ehensi vedat aper t i nent t ot hepat i ent ’ sheal t hand/ ort hesi t uat i on.I ndi agnosi s,t her egi st er ednur seanal yzest he assessmentdat at odet er mi net hedi agnosesori ssues.Dur i ngi mpl ement at i on,t her egi st er ednur se i mpl ement s( car r i esout )t hei dent i fiedpl an. DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 2 OBJ:Di scusst hedevel opmentofpr of essi onalnur si ngr ol es.TOP:Pl anni ng MSC: ManagementofCar e 3.Anexper i encedmedi cal sur gi cal nur sechoosest owor ki nobst et r i cs.Whi chl evel ofpr ofici encyi s t henur seuponi ni t i alt r ansi t i ont ot heobst et r i cal floor ?

a.

Nov i ce

b.

Pr ofici ent

c .

Compet ent

d.

Adv ancedbegi nner

ANS:A Abegi nni ngnur si ngst udentoranynur seent er i ngasi t uat i oni nwhi cht her ei snopr evi ousl ev elof exper i ence( e. g. ,anexper i encedoper at i ngr oom nur sechoosest onowpr act i cei nhomeheal t h)i s anexampl eofanovi cenur se.Apr ofici entnur seper cei vesapat i ent ’ scl i ni cal si t uat i onasawhol e,i s abl et oassessanent i r esi t uat i on,andcanr eadi l yt r ansf erknowl edgegai nedf r om mul t i pl epr evi ous exper i encest oasi t uat i on.Acompet entnur seunder st andst heor gani zat i onandspeci ficcar e r equi r edbyt het ypeofpat i ent s( e. g. ,sur gi cal ,oncol ogy ,oror t hopedi cpat i ent s) .Thi snur sei sa

compet entpr act i t i onerwhoi sabl et oant i ci pat enur si ngcar eandest abl i shl ongr angegoal s.Anur se whohashadsomel evel ofexper i encewi t ht hesi t uat i oni sanadvancedbegi nner .Thi sexper i ence mayonl ybeobser vat i onal i nnat ur e,butt henur sei sabl et oi dent i f ymeani ngf ulaspect sorpr i nci pl es ofnur si ngcar e. DI F: Appl y( appl i cat i on) REF: 2 OBJ:Di scusst hedevel opmentofpr of essi onalnur si ngr ol es.TOP:Eval uat i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 4.Anur seassessesapat i ent ’ sflui dst at usanddeci dest hatt hepat i entneedst odr i nkmor eflui ds. Thenur set henencour agest hepat i entt odr i nkmor eflui ds.Whi chconcepti st henur se demonst r at i ng?

a.

Li censur e

b.

Aut onomy

c .

Cer t i ficat i on

d.

Ac count abi l i t y

ANS:B Aut onomyi sanessent i al el ementofpr of essi onal nur si ngt hati nvol vest hei ni t i at i onofi ndependent nur si ngi nt er vent i onswi t houtmedi cal or der s.Toobt ai nl i censur ei nt heUni t edSt at es,t heRN candi dat emustpasst heNCLEXRN®.Beyondt heNCLEXRN®,t henur semaychooset owor k t owar dcer t i ficat i oni naspeci ficar eaofnur si ngpr act i ce.Account abi l i t ymeanst hatyouar e r esponsi bl e,pr of essi onal l yandl egal l y ,f ort het ypeandqual i t yofnur si ngcar epr ovi ded. DI F: Appl y( appl i cat i on) REF: 3 OBJ:Di scusst her ol esandcar eeroppor t uni t i esf ornur ses.TOP:I mpl ement at i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 5.Anur sepr epar est hebudgetandpol i ci esf orani nt ensi vecar euni t .Whi chr ol ei st henur se i mpl ement i ng?

a.

Educat or

b.

Manager

c .

Adv ocat e

d.

Car egi ver

ANS:B Amanagercoor di nat est heact i vi t i esofmember soft henur si ngst affi ndel i v er i ngnur si ngcar eand hasper sonnel ,pol i cy ,andbudget ar yr esponsi bi l i t yf oraspeci ficnur si nguni torf aci l i t y .Asan educat or ,youexpl ai nconcept sandf act saboutheal t h,descr i bet her easonf orr out i necar eact i vi t i es, demonst r at epr ocedur essuchassel f car eact i vi t i es,r ei nf or cel ear ni ngorpat i entbehavi or ,and eval uat et hepat i ent ’ spr ogr essi nl ear ni ng.Asapat i entadvocat e,youpr ot ectyourpat i ent ’ shuman andl egalr i ght sandpr ovi deassi st ancei nasser t i ngt heser i ght si ft heneedar i ses.Asacar egi ver , y ouhel ppat i ent smai nt ai nandr egai nheal t h,managedi seaseandsympt oms,andat t ai namaxi mal l evel f unct i onandi ndependencet hr ought heheal i ngpr ocess. DI F: Appl y( appl i cat i on) REF: 4 OBJ:Descr i bet her ol esandcar eeroppor t uni t i esf ornur ses.TOP:I mpl ement at i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 6.Thenur sehasbeenwor ki ngi nt hecl i ni calset t i ngf orsever alyear sasanadvancedpr act i ce nur se.However ,t henur sehasast r ongdesi r et opur suer esear chandt heor ydevel opment .Tof ul fil l t hi sdesi r e,whi chpr ogr am shoul dt henur seat t end?

a.

Doct orofNur si ngSc i encedegr ee( DNSc )

b.

Doct orofPhi l osophydegr ee( PhD)

c .

Doct orofNur si ngPr act i cedegr ee( DNP)

d.

Doct ori nt heSc i enceofNur si ngdegr ee( DSN)

ANS:B Somedoct or alpr ogr amspr epar enur sesf ormor er i gor ousr esear chandt heor ydevel opmentand awar dt her esear chor i ent edDoct orofPhi l osophy( PhD)i nnur si ng.Pr of essi onaldoct or alpr ogr ams i nnur si ng( DSNorDNSc)pr epar egr aduat est oappl yr esear chfindi ngst ocl i ni cal nur si ng.TheDNP i sapr act i cedoct or at et hatpr epar esadvancedpr act i cenur sessuchasnur sepr act i t i oner s. DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 10 OBJ:Descr i beeducat i onalpr ogr amsavai l abl ef orpr of essi onal r egi st er ednur se( RN)educat i on. TOP: Teachi ng/ Lear ni ngMSC: ManagementofCar e 7.Anur seat t endsawor kshoponcur r entnur si ngi ssuespr ovi dedbyt heAmer i canNur ses Associ at i on.Whi cht ypeofeducat i ondi dt henur ser ecei ve?

a.

Gr aduat eeducat i on

b.

I nser v i ceeducat i on

c .

Cont i nui ngeducat i on

d.

Regi st er ednur seeducat i on

ANS:C Cont i nui ngeducat i oni nvol v esf or mal ,or gani z ededucat i onalpr ogr amsoffer edbyuni ver si t i es, hospi t al s,st at enur sesassoci at i ons,pr of essi onal nur si ngor gani zat i ons,andeducat i onalandheal t h car ei nst i t ut i ons.Af t erobt ai ni ngabaccal aur eat edegr eei nnur si ng,youcanpur suegr aduat e educat i onl eadi ngt oamast er ’ sordoct or al degr eei nanynumberofgr aduat efiel ds,i ncl udi ng nur si ng.I nser vi ceeducat i onpr ogr amsar ei nst r uct i onort r ai ni ngpr ovi dedbyaheal t hcar ef aci l i t yor i nst i t ut i on.Regi st er ednur seeducat i oni st heeducat i onpr epar at i onf orani ndi vi dual i nt endi ngt obe anRN. DI F: Appl y( appl i cat i on) REF: 10

OBJ:Descr i beeducat i onalpr ogr amsavai l abl ef orpr of essi onal r egi st er ednur se( RN)educat i on. TOP: Teachi ng/ Lear ni ngMSC: ManagementofCar e 8.Anur sei dent i fiesgapsbet weenl ocal andbestpr act i ces.Whi chQual i t yandSaf et yEducat i onf or Nur ses( QSEN)compet encyi st henur sedemonst r at i ng?

a.

Saf et y

b.

Pat i ent c ent er edcar e

c .

Qual i t yi mpr ov ement

d.

Teamwor kandc ol l abor at i on

ANS:C Qual i t yi mpr ov ementi dent i fiesgapsbet weenl ocal andbestpr act i ces.Saf et ymi ni mi zesr i skofhar m t opat i ent sandpr ovi der st hr oughbot hsyst em effect i venessandi ndi vi dual per f or mance.Pat i ent cent er edcar er ecogni zest hepat i entordesi gneeast hesour ceofcont r ol andf ul l par t neri n pr ovi di ngcompassi onat eandcoor di nat edcar ebasedonr espectf orpat i ent ’ spr ef er ences,val ues, andneeds.Teamwor kandcol l abor at i onal l owseffect i vef unct i oni ngwi t hi nnur si ngand i nt er pr of essi onal t eams,f ost er i ngopencommuni cat i on,mut ual r espect ,andshar eddeci si onmaki ng. DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 7|8 OBJ:Descr i bet her ol esandcar eeroppor t uni t i esf ornur ses.TOP:Eval uat i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 9.Anur sehascompassi onf at i gue.Whati st henur seexper i enci ng?

a.

Lat er alvi ol enceandi nt r aper sonalc onfli ct

b.

Bur noutandsecondar yt r aumat i cs t r es s

c .

Shor t t er m gr i efandsi ngl es t r ess or

d.

Phy si calandment alexhaus t i on

ANS:B Compassi onf at i guei sat er m usedt odescr i beast at eofbur noutandsecondar yt r aumat i cst r ess. Compassi onf at i guemaycont r i but et owhati sdescr i bedasl at er al vi ol ence( nur senur se i nt er act i ons,noti nt r aper sonal ) .Fr equent ,i nt ense,orpr ol ongedexposur et ogr i efandl osspl aces nur sesatr i skf ordevel opi ngcompassi onf at i gue.St r essor s,notasi ngl est r essor ,cont r i but et o compassi onf at i gue.Physi cal andment al exhaust i ondescr i besbur noutonl y . DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 6 OBJ:Di scusst hei nfluenceofsoci al ,hi st or i cal ,pol i t i cal ,andeconomi cchangesonnur si ng pr act i ces.TOP:AssessmentMSC:Heal t hPr omot i onandMai nt enance 10.Apat i enti sschedul edf orsur ger y .Whenget t i ngr eadyt oobt ai nt hei nf or medconsent ,t hepat i ent t el l st henur se,“ Ihavenoi deawhati sgoi ngt ohappen.Icoul dn’ taskanyquest i ons. ”Thenur se doesnotal l owt hepat i entt osi gnt heper mi tandnot i fiest heheal t hcar epr ovi deroft hesi t uat i on. Whi chr ol ei st henur sedi spl ayi ng?

a.

Manager

b.

Pat i enteducat or

c .

Pat i entadv ocat e

d.

Cl i ni calnur sespec i al i s t

ANS:C Asapat i entadvocat e,t henur sepr ot ect st hepat i ent ’ shumanandl egal r i ght s,i ncl udi ngt her i ghtof t hepat i entt ounder st andpr ocedur esbef or esi gni ngper mi t s.Al t houghnur sescanbeeducat or s,i ti s t her esponsi bi l i t yoft hesur geont opr ovi deeducat i onf ort hepat i enti npr epar at i onf orsur ger y ,andi t i st henur se’ sr esponsi bi l i t yt onot i f yt heheal t hcar epr ovi deri ft hepat i enti snotpr oper l yeducat ed.

Manager scoor di nat et heact i vi t i esofmember soft henur si ngst affi ndel i ver i ngnur si ngcar e,and cl i ni cal nur sespeci al i st sar eexper t si naspeci al i zedar eaofnur si ngpr act i cei navar i et yofset t i ngs. DI F: Appl y( appl i cat i on) REF: 3 OBJ:Descr i bet her ol esandcar eeroppor t uni t i esf ornur ses.TOP:Eval uat i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 11.Thepat i entr equi r esr out i negynecol ogi cal ser vi cesaf t ergi vi ngbi r t ht oherson,andwhi l eseei ng t henur semi dwi f e,t hepat i entasksf orar ef er r al t oapedi at r i ci anf ort henewbor n.Whi chact i on shoul dt henur semi dwi f et akei ni t i al l y?

a.

Pr ovi det her ef er r alasr eques t ed.

b.

Offert opr ov i det henewbor nc ar e.

c .

Ref ert hepat i entt ot hesuper vi si ngpr ovi der .

d.

Tel lt hepat i entt hati snotal l owedt omak er ef er r al s .

ANS:B Thepr act i ceofnur semi dwi f er yi nvol vespr ovi di ngi ndependentcar ef orwomendur i ngnor mal pr egnancy ,l abor ,anddel i ver y ,aswel lascar ef ort henewbor n.Af t erbei ngappr i sedoft hemi dwi f er y r ol e,i ft hepat i enti nsi st sonseei ngapedi at r i ci an,t henur semi dwi f eshoul dpr ovi det her ef er r al .The super vi si ngpr ovi deri sanobst et r i cpr ovi der ,notapedi at r i ci an.Anur semi dwi f ecanmaker ef er r al s. DI F: Anal yze( anal ysi s) REF: 4 OBJ:Descr i bet her ol esandcar eeroppor t uni t i esf ornur ses.TOP:I mpl ement at i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 12.Thenur sehasagoal ofbecomi ngacer t i fiedr egi st er ednur seanest het i st( CRNA) .Whi chact i vi t y i sappr opr i at ef oraCRNA?

a.

Managesgynecol ogi cals er v i cessuchasPAPsmear s

b.

Wor ksundert hegui danceofananest hesi ol ogi s t

c .

Obt ai nsaPhDdegr eei nanest hesi ol ogy

d.

Coor di nat esacut emedi calc ondi t i ons

ANS:B Nur seanest het i st spr ovi desur gi calanest hesi aundert hegui danceandsuper vi si onofan anest hesi ol ogi st ,whoi saphysi ci an( heal t hcar epr ovi der )wi t hadvancedknowl edgeofsur gi cal anest hesi a.Nur sepr act i t i oner s,notCRNAs,managesel f l i mi t i ngacut eandchr oni cst abl emedi cal condi t i ons;cer t i fiednur semi dwi vespr ovi degynecol ogi calser vi cessuchasr out i nePapani col aou ( Pap)smear s.TheCRNAi sanRNwi t hanadvancededucat i oni nanur seanest hesi aaccr edi t ed pr ogr am.APhDi snotar equi r ement . DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 4 OBJ:Descr i bet her ol esandcar eeroppor t uni t i esf ornur ses.TOP:I mpl ement at i on MSC: ManagementofCar e 13.Anur set eachesagr oupofnur si ngst udent saboutnur sepr act i ceact s.Whi chi nf or mat i on i smosti mpor t antt oi ncl udei nt het eachi ngsessi onaboutnur sepr act i ceact s ?

a.

Pr ot ect st henur s e

b.

Pr ot ect st hepubl i c

c .

Pr ot ect st hepr ovi der

d.

Pr ot ect st hehos pi t al

ANS:B

Thenur sepr act i ceact sr egul at et hescopeofnur si ngpr act i ceandpr ot ectpubl i cheal t h,saf et y ,and wel f ar e.Theydonotpr ot ectt henur se,pr ovi der ,orhospi t al . DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 10 OBJ:Di scusst hei nfluenceofsoci al ,hi st or i cal ,pol i t i cal ,andeconomi cchangesonnur si ng pr act i ces.TOP:Teachi ng/ Lear ni ngMSC:ManagementofCar e 14.Abi l l hasbeensubmi t t edt ot heSt at eHouseofRepr esent at i vest hati sdesi gnedt or educet he costofheal t hcar ebyi ncr easi ngt hepat i ent t onur ser at i of r om amaxi mum of2: 1i ni nt ensi v ecar e uni t st o3: 1.Whatshoul dt henur ser eal i ze ?

a.

Legi sl at i oni spol i t i csbey ondt henur se’ scont r ol .

b.

Nat i onalpr ogr amshav enobear i ngons t at epol i t i cs .

c .

Thei ndi v i dualnur secani nfluencel egi sl at i v edec i si ons .

d.

Focusi ngonnur si ngcar epr ovi dest hebestpat i entbenefit .

ANS:C Nur sescani nfluencepol i cydeci si onsatal l gover nment al l evel s.Onewayi st ogeti nvol vedby par t i ci pat i ngi nl ocal andnat i onal effor t s.Thi seffor ti scr i t i cal i nex er t i ngnur ses’ i nfluenceear l yi nt he pol i t i calpr ocess.Legi sl at i oni snotbey ondt henur se’ scont r ol .Nat i onalpr ogr am canhavebear i ngon st at epol i t i cs.Thequest i oni sf ocusi ngonl egi sl at i onandheal t hcar ecost s,notnur si ngcar e. DI F: Anal yze( anal ysi s) REF: 9 OBJ: Di scusst hei nfluenceofsoci al ,hi st or i cal ,pol i t i cal ,andeconomi cchangesonnur si ng pr act i ces. TOP: Eval uat i onMSC: ManagementofCar e 15.Anur sei susi ngagui det hatpr ovi despr i nci pl esofr i ghtandwr ongt opr ovi decar et opat i ent s. Whi chgui dei st henur seusi ng?

a.

Codeofet hi cs

b.

St andar dsofpr act i ce

c .

St andar dsofpr of ess i onal per f or mance

d.

Qual i t yandsaf et yeducat i onf ornur s es

ANS:A Thecodeofet hi csi st hephi l osophi cal i deal sofr i ghtandwr ongt hatdefinet hepr i nci pl esyouwi l l uset opr ovi decar et oyourpat i ent s.TheSt andar dsofPr act i cedescr i beacompet entl evel ofnur si ng car e.TheANASt andar dsofPr of essi onal Per f or mancedescr i beacompet entl evel ofbehavi ori nt he pr of essi onal r ol e.Qual i t yandsaf et yeducat i onf ornur sesaddr essest hechal l enget opr epar enur ses wi t ht hecompet enci esneededt ocont i nuousl yi mpr ovet hequal i t yofcar ei nt hei rwor k envi r onment s. DI F: Under st and( compr ehensi on) REF: 3 OBJ:Di scusst hei nfluenceofsoci al ,hi st or i cal ,pol i t i cal ,andeconomi cchangesonnur si ng pr act i ces.TOP:I mpl ement at i onMSC:ManagementofCar e 16.Agr aduat eofabaccal aur eat edegr eepr ogr am i sr eadyt ost ar twor ki ngasanRNi nt he emer gencydepar t ment .Whi chact i onmustt henur set akefir st ?

a. Obt ai ncer t i ficat i onf oranemer gencynur se.

b. Pas st heNat i onalCounci lLi censur eEx ami nat i on.

c . Tak eacour seongenomi cst opr ov i decompet entemer gencycar e.

d. Compl et et heHospi t alConsumerAss ess mentofHeal t hcar ePr ov i der sSy st ems .

ANS:B Cur r ent l y ,i nt heUni t edSt at es,t hemostcommonwayt obecomear egi st er ednur se( RN)i st hr ough compl et i onofanassoci at e’ sdegr eeorbaccal aur eat edegr eepr ogr am.Gr aduat esofbot hpr ogr ams

ar eel i gi bl et ot ak et heNat i onal Counci l Li censur eExami nat i onf orRegi st er edNur ses( NCLEXRN) t obecomer egi st er ednur sesi nt hest at ei nwhi cht heywi l l pr act i ce.Cer t i ficat i oncanbeobt ai ned af t erpassi ngt heNCLEXandwor ki ngf ort hespeci fiedamountoft i me.Genomi csi sanewert er m t hatdescr i best hest udyofal lt hegenesi naper sonandi nt er act i onsoft hesegeneswi t hone anot herandwi t ht hatper son’ senvi r onment .Consumer scanal soaccessHospi t al Consumer AssessmentofHeal t hcar ePr ovi der sSyst ems( HCAHPS)t oobt ai ni nf or mat i onaboutpat i ent s’ per spect i vesonhospi t al car e. DI F: Remember( knowl edge) REF: 9 OBJ:Descr i beeducat i onalpr ogr amsavai l abl ef orpr of essi onal r egi st er ednur se( RN)educat i on. TOP: I mpl ement at i onMSC: ManagementofCar e 17.Whi l epr ovi di ngcar et oapat i ent ,t henur sei sr esponsi bl e,bot hpr of essi onal l yandl egal l y .Whi ch conceptdoest hi sdescr i be?

a.

Aut onomy

b.

Account abi l i t y

c .

Pat i entadv ocac y

d.

Pat i enteducat i on

ANS:B Account abi l i t ymeanst hatt henur sei sr esponsi bl e,pr of essi onal l yandl egal l y ,f ort het ypeandqual i t y ofnur si ngcar epr ovi ded.Aut onomyi sanessent i al el ementofpr of essi onalnur si ngt hati nvol v est he i ni t i at i onofi ndependentnur si ngi nt er v ent i onswi t houtmedi calor der s.Asapat i entadvocat e,t he nur sepr ot ect st hepat i ent ’ shumanandl egal r i ght sandpr ovi desassi st ancei nasser t i ngt heser i ght s i ft heneedar i ses.Asaneducat or ,t henur seexpl ai nsconcept sandf act saboutheal t h,descr i best he r easonsf orr out i necar eact i vi t i es,demonst r at espr ocedur essuchassel f car eact i vi t i es,r ei nf or ces l ear ni ngorpat i entbehavi or ,andeval uat est hepat i ent ’ spr ogr essi nl ear ni ng. DI F: Remember( knowl edge) REF: 3 OBJ: Di scusst hei nfluenceofsoci al ,hi st or i cal ,pol i t i cal ,andeconomi cchangesonnur si ng pr act i ces. TOP: Eval uat i onMSC:...