Chapter 016 - summary PDF

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16

Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.1 True/False Mark each statement T (true) or F (false). If the statement is false, rewrite it to make it true. ____ 1.

Growth hormone regulates the growth of the body.

____ 2.

The hypothalamus in the brain controls the pituitary gland.

____ 3.

The body’s “chemical” messengers are the nerve impulses.

____ 4.

The pituitary gland is both exocrine and endocrine.

____ 5.

ACTH is secreted by the adrenal cortex.

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

2

HANDOUT 16.2 Word Parts Match combining forms and word parts with their definitions. _____ 1.

thyroid/o

a. pituitary gland

_____ 2.

parathyroid/o

b. thyroid gland

_____ 3.

natr/o

c. cortex (the outer layer of a body organ)

_____ 4.

kal/i

d. parathyroid gland

_____ 5.

endocrin/o

e. adrenal glands

_____ 6.

-drome

f.

_____ 7.

dips/o

g. run, running

_____ 8.

cortic/o

h. potassium

_____ 9.

calc/i

i.

extremities, height

_____ 10.

adren/o, adrenal/o

j.

thirst

_____ 11.

pituitar/o

k. sodium

_____ 12.

acr/o

l.

endocrine

calcium

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.3 Build Medical Terms Use the suffix -itis to build the medical terms defined in numbers 1–2. 1.

inflammation of the adrenal gland________________________________________

2.

inflammation of the thyroid gland ________________________________________

Use the combining form adren/o to build the medical terms defined in numbers 3–5. 3.

excision of an adrenal gland____________________________________________

4.

excessive development of the adrenal cortex_______________________________

5.

enlargement (of one or both) of the adrenal glands___________________________

Use the prefix hypo- to build the medical terms defined in numbers 6–9. 6.

deficient level of potassium in the blood___________________________________

7.

deficient level of calcium in the blood_____________________________________

8.

deficient level of sodium in the blood_____________________________________

9.

state of deficient thyroid gland activity____________________________________

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

3

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.4 Spelling Correct any misspelled terms by writing them correctly in the space at the right. 1.

hyperparethyroidism _______________________________________

2.

hyperkalemia _____________________________________________

3.

glysemia ________________________________________________

4.

giotre ___________________________________________________

5.

exopthalmos _____________________________________________

6.

endocrenologist ___________________________________________

7.

diabetes melitus __________________________________________

8.

hyperglycemia ____________________________________________

9.

incretins _________________________________________________

10.

tyroidectomy _____________________________________________

11.

euthroid

12.

syndrome _______________________________________________

________________________________________________

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

4

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.5 Vocabulary Enhancement The following terms did not appear in the text but are composed of word parts studied in this chapter or previous chapters. Find their definitions by translating the word parts literally. 1.

acrodermatitis

______________________________________

2.

calciuria

______________________________________

3.

interalveolar

______________________________________

4.

kalemia

______________________________________

5.

neurotripsy

______________________________________

6.

ophthalmomalacia ______________________________________

7.

pancreatography

______________________________________

8.

phlebosclerosis

______________________________________

9.

pneumomelanosis ______________________________________

10.

rectoscope

_______________________________________

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

5

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.6 Abbreviations Match abbreviations with the terms they abbreviate. _____ 1.

DI

a. follicle stimulating hormone

_____ 2.

T4

b. fine needle aspiration

_____ 3.

FBS

c. radioactive iodine uptake

_____ 4.

DM

d. thyroid-stimulating hormone

_____ 5.

RAIU

e. thyroxine level

_____ 6.

HbA1c

f.

_____ 7.

LH

g. lutenizing hormone

_____ 8.

ACTH

h. diabetes insipidus

_____ 9.

ADH

i.

fasting blood sugar

____ 10.

FSH

j.

antidiuretic hormone

____ 11.

GH

k. diabetes mellitus

____ 12.

PRL

l.

____ 13.

TSH

m. growth hormone

____ 14.

FNA

n. glycosylated hemoglobin

____ 15.

DKA

o. adrenocorticotropic hormone

diabetic ketoacidosis

prolactin

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

6

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.7 Medical Dictionary Use your medical dictionary to find terms that begin with the following word parts and combining forms. Write the medical term and its definition in the spaces provided. 1.

cortic/o

New medical term: ________________________ Definition: ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

2.

thyr/o

New medical term: ________________________ Definition: ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

3.

adren/o

New medical term: ________________________ Definition: ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

8

HANDOUT 16.8 Use It Use a medical term from the list below to complete the sentence. acromegaly Addison disease exophthalmos fasting blood sugar fine needle aspiration

goiter hypercalcemia hyperthyroidism hypoglycemia ketoacidosis

parathyroidoma sestamibi parathyroid scan tetany

1.

Because the patient’s diabetes was poorly controlled, she developed ________________, an abnormal concentration of the ketone bodies.

2.

His sudden decrease in calcium gave rise to ____________, a condition affecting nerves, causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium in the blood due to a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone.

3.

A patient complained of nausea, vomiting, and muscle weaknss. The physician suspected ____________________, a state of excess calcium in the blood.

4.

The patient’s iodine deficiency may have predisposed her to develop a(n) _______________, an enlargement of the thyroid gland.

5.

The diabetic patient was required to monitor his blood glucose to prevent episodes of ______________, a deficient level of sugar in the blood.

6.

The elevated results of the ___________ ____________ __________ test, a blood test to determine the amount of glucose in the blood, indicated diabetes mellitus.

7.

The excessive concentrations of circulating parathyroid hormone appeared to be caused by a(n) ______________, a tumor of the thyroid gland.

8.

Weakness, darkening of skin, and loss of appetite were some of the symptoms experienced by the patient diagnosed with ___________ _________, a chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in the hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex.

9.

The patient who was eventually diagnosed with Graves disease first presented with the abnormal protrusion of the eyeball, or ___________________________.

10.

A pituitary tumor appeared to be the cause of the patient’s experience of enlargement of the extremities including facial bones, hands and feet, or ____________________.

11.

To determine the likelihood of malignancy of a suspicious thyroid nodule, the physician ordered a _______________ __________________ __________, a biopsy technique necessary to obtain tiny amounts of tissue for pathologic examination.

12.

To localize hyperactive parathyroid glands, a nuclear medicine procedure, _____________ ______________ _____________ is performed prior to surgical removal. LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

_______________________________________________________ Chapter 16  Endocrine System

HANDOUT 16.9 Spelling Dictation List The following is a list of terms that may be recited for students to spell as part of the examination. Use the list as is or design your own list by adding or deleting terms. 1.

acromegaly

2.

hyperglycemia

3.

diabetes mellitus

4.

ketoacidosis

5.

goiter

6.

thyroidectomy

7.

pheochromocytoma

8.

endocrinology

9.

polydipsia

10.

syndrome

11.

euthyroid

12.

metabolism

13.

exophthalmos

14.

panhypopituitarism

15.

myxedema

LAFLEUR: Exploring Medical Language, 11e Copyright 2022 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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