Chapter 021 - Rang-Dale-Pharmacology-7th-edition PDF

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Rang: Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology, 7th Edition Test Bank Chapter 21: The heart MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Delayed after-depolarizations in cardiac tissue typically result from an increased influx of a. b. c. d. e.

sodium potassium calcium chloride sodium and potassium

Answer c: calcium 2. The re-excitation of cardiac tissue prior to the next cardiac impulse occurs in the process known as a. b. c. d. e.

re-entry ectopic automaticity atrioventricular block atrial fibrillation bradycardia

Answer a: re-entry 3. In persons with atrial fibrillation, digoxin may slow the ventricular rate by a. b. c. d. e.

decreasing sinoatrial node automaticity increasing ventricular contractility inhibiting the Na+/K+ pump reducing the calcium transient slowing atrioventricular conduction

Answer e: slowing atrioventricular conduction 4. Sotalol exerts an antiarrhythmic effect primarily by a. b. c. d.

slowing ventricular conduction blocking sodium channels slowing atrioventricular conduction increasing the effective refractory period

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Test Bank

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e. decreasing action potential duration Answer d: increasing the effective refractory period 5. Drugs that increase serum digoxin levels include a. b. c. d. e.

furosemide cholestyramine amiodarone enalapril hydrochlorothiazide

Answer c: amiodarone 6. Verapamil is indicated for the treatment of a. b. c. d. e.

supraventricular tachycardia ventricular tachycardia atrial fibrillation ventricular fibrillation cardiac asystole

Answer a: supraventricular tachycardia 7. In persons who have had a myocardial infarction, flecainide has been shown to a. b. c. d. e.

decrease the incidence of ventricular fibrillation decrease the incidence of atrial fibrillation decrease the incidence of sudden death increase the frequency of ventricular ectopic beats increase the incidence of sudden death

Answer e: increase the incidence of sudden death 8.

The pharmacokinetic attributes of amiodarone include

a. b. c. d. e.

rapidly metabolized and excreted a very short elimination half-life a very long elimination half-life distributed only to extracellular fluid limited binding to plasma proteins

Answer c: a very long elimination half-life 9.

Dobutamine is useful in treating acute heart failure because of its ability to

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Test Bank a. b. c. d. e.

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increase heart rate more than contractile force increase contractile force more than heart rate produce a negative dromotropic effect cause cardiac stimulation and vasoconstriction inhibit phosphodiesterase

Answer b: increase contractile force more than heart rate 10. Digoxin slows AV conduction and decreases heart rate by a. b. c. d. e.

activating cardiac muscarinic receptors blocking cardiac adrenergic beta-1 receptors antagonizing cardiac calcium channels increasing vagal outflow from the CNS increasing cardiac contractile force

Answer d: increasing vagal outflow from the CNS 11. The half-life of digoxin is considerably longer in persons with a. b. c. d. e.

renal insufficiency pulmonary edema atrial fibrillation hypertension endocarditis

Answer a: renal insufficiency 12. Which drug has been shown to reduce mortality in persons who have had a myocardial infarction? a. b. c. d. e.

amiodarone lidocaine propranolol amiodarone verapamil

Answer c: propranolol 13. Hypothyroidism is most likely to occur in persons who are taking a. b. c. d. e.

sotalol flecainide timolol amiodarone adenosine

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Test Bank

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Answer d: amiodarone 14. Nitroglycerin relieves typical angina pectoris in part by a. b. c. d. e.

increasing cardiac stroke volume dilating coronary arterioles decreasing cardiac oxygen consumption constricting collateral vessels in the heart increasing blood pressure

Answer c: decreasing cardiac oxygen consumption 15. Nitroglycerin and other organic nitrates produce their vasodilator effect by a. b. c. d. e.

increasing formation of cyclic AMP increasing formation of cyclic GMP blocking calcium channels blocking adrenergic alpha receptors activating potassium channels

Answer b: increasing formation of cyclic GMP

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