Chapter 10 Test Bank PDF

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Chapter 10 Test Bank – Static 1. Approving the effort that occurs during the production process is known as acceptance sampling. FALSE Acceptance sampling occurs before or after the production process. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

2. Statistical process control is the measurement of rejects in the final product. FALSE SPC is the evaluation of process output to determine if the process is “in control” or if corrective action is needed. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-03 List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. Topic: Statistical Process Control

3. The traditional view is that the optimum level of inspection occurs when we catch at least 98.6 percent of the defects. FALSE The traditional view is that the optimum level of inspection is when the sum of inspection costs and the cost of passing defectives are equal. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

4. The traditional view is that the optimum level of inspection minimizes the sum of inspection costs and the cost of passing defectives. TRUE This is traditionally considered to represent the optimum balance between inspection costs and the costs of passing defectives. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

10-1 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

5. Processes that are in control eliminate variations. FALSE In-control processes are free of nonrandom variation, but they still have random variation. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-03 List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. Topic: Statistical Process Control

6. High-cost, low-volume items often require careful inspection since we may have large costs associated with passing defectives. TRUE These are good candidates for more intense inspection. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

7. Low-cost, high-volume items often require more intensive inspection than other types of items. FALSE These often require little inspection because the cost associated with passing defective items is low and the processes that produce such items are usually highly reliable with defects rarely occurring. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

8. A lower control limit must by definition be a value less than an upper control limit. TRUE The lower limit must be smaller than the upper limit. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-2 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

9. Attributes need to be measured, whereas variable data can be counted. FALSE Attributes need to be counted, variable data is measured. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10. The amount of inspection we choose can range from no inspection at all to inspecting each item numerous times. TRUE These are the extremes of inspection. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

11. The amount of inspection needed is governed by the costs of inspection and the expected costs of passing defective items. TRUE The traditional view is to set the optimum amount of inspection where the sume of these two costs is minimized. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-02 Discuss the basic issues of inspection. Topic: Inspection

12. The purpose of statistical process control is to ensure that historical output is random. FALSE It is to ensure that nonrandom variation is detected and corrected. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-03 List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-3 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

13. A process that exhibits random variability would be judged to be out of control. FALSE All processes exhibit random variability. It is those processes that exhibit nonrandom variation that are judged to be out of control. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-03 List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. Topic: Statistical Process Control

14. If a point on a control chart falls outside one of the control limits, this suggests that the process output is nonrandom and should be investigated. TRUE A point outside the control limits suggests nonrandom variation. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

15. An x-bar control chart can only be valid if the underlying population it measures is a normal distribution. FALSE The sample average typically is normally distributed regardless of the underlying distribution of the process. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

16. Concluding that a process is out of control when it is not is known as a Type I error. TRUE A Type I error involves erroneously concluding that a process is out of control. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-4 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

17. An R value of zero (on a range chart) means that the process must be in control since all sample values are equal. FALSE If the sample size is sufficiently large, an R of zero could indicate an out-of-control process. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

18. Range charts are used mainly with attribute data. FALSE Range charts are used with variable data. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

19. Range charts and p-charts are both used for variable data. FALSE p-charts are used with attribute data. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

20. A p-chart is used to monitor the fraction of defectives in the output of a process. TRUE p-charts involve the fraction of defectives. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-5 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

21. A c-chart is used to monitor the total number of defectives in the output of a process. FALSE A c-chart is used to monitor the number of defects per unit, not defective units. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

22. A c-chart is used to monitor the number of defects per unit for process output. TRUE A c-chart monitors the number of defects per unit for process output. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

23. Tolerances represent the control limits we use on the charts. FALSE Tolerances are specification limits, not control limits. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Process Capability

24. Process capability compares process variability to the tolerances. TRUE Process variability influences how much output falls outside of tolerances. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Process Capability

10-6 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

25. Control limits used on process control charts are specifications established by design or customers. FALSE Control limits are based on process variation and are independent of specifications. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Statistical Process Control

26. Control limits tend to be wider for more variable processes. TRUE Processes with inherently more variability will naturally have wider control limits. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

27. Patterns of data on a control chart suggest that the process may have nonrandom variation. TRUE Ideally, the data on a control chart will have no pattern. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-05 Use and interpret control charts. Topic: Statistical Process Control

28. The output of a process may not conform to specifications even though the process may be statistically "in control." TRUE A process can be free of nonrandom variation and still not meet specifications. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Process Capability

10-7 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

29. Run tests are useful in helping to identify nonrandom variations in a process. TRUE Runs tests are useful to identify nonrandomness in patterns. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-06 Perform run tests to check for nonrandomness in process output. Topic: Statistical Process Control

30. Run tests give managers an alternative to control charts; they are quicker and cost less. FALSE Runs tests are supplements to control charts. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-06 Perform run tests to check for nonrandomness in process output. Topic: Statistical Process Control

31. Statistical process control focuses on the acceptability of process output. FALSE Statistical process control focuses on the variability of processes. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-03 List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. Topic: Statistical Process Control

32. A run test checks a sequence of observations for randomness. TRUE Run tests can be used to detect nonrandomness in sequences of observations. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-06 Perform run tests to check for nonrandomness in process output. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-8 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

33. Cpk is useful even when the process is not centered. FALSE If the process is not centered, Cpk is not useful. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Process Capability

34. Cpk can be used only when the process is centered. FALSE Cpk can be used whether or not the process is centered. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Understand Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Process Capability

35. The purpose of quality control is making sure that processes are performing in an acceptable manner. TRUE Quality control is used to monitor the performance of processes. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-01 Explain the need for quality control. Topic: Quality Control

36. The primary purpose of statistical process control is to detect a defective product before it is shipped to a customer. FALSE The primary purpose of SPC is to detect nonrandomness in a process. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-03 List and briefly explain the elements of the control process. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-9 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

37. The Taguchi loss function suggests that the capability ratio can be improved by extending the spread between LCL and UCL. FALSE The Taguchi loss function suggests that reducing variation in the process is key. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Process Capability

38. The variation of a sampling distribution is less than the variation of the underlying process distribution. TRUE The sampling distribution exhibits less variation than the underlying process. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

39. The sampling distribution can be assumed to be approximately normal even when the underlying process distribution is not normally distributed. TRUE This is especially true as the sample size grows. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

40. Approximately 99.7 percent of sample means will fall within plus or minus two standard deviations of the process mean if the process is under control. FALSE Approximately 99.7 percent of sample means will fall within plus or minus three standard deviations of the process mean. Approximately 95 percent of sample means will fall within plus or minus two standard deviations of the process mean. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-10 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

41. The best way to assure quality is to use extensive inspection and control charts. FALSE The best way to assure quality is to make sure processes are highly capable. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 2 Medium Learning Objective: 10-07 Assess process capability. Topic: Operations Strategy

42. Control limits are based on multiples of the process standard deviation. FALSE Control limits are based on multiples of the standard deviation of the sample statistic. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 3 Hard Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

43. Attribute data are counted, variable data are measured. TRUE These distinguish attribute from variable data. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

44. The number of defective parts in a sample is an example of variable data because it will "vary" from one sample to another. FALSE The number of defective parts in a sample is an example of attribute data because it is counted. AACSB: Reflective Thinking Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: Remember Difficulty: 1 Easy Learning Objective: 10-04 Explain how control charts are used to monitor a process and the concepts that underlie their use. Topic: Statistical Process Control

10-11 Copyright © 2018 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

45. Larger samples will require wider x-bar control limits because there is more data. FALSE Large samples wil...