Chapter 3 Artist and the Artisans PDF

Preview

Summary

GE 103 – Art AppreciationChapter 3. Artists and the ArtisansObjectives:By the end of this chapter, students should be able to: Define an artist’s or artisan’s medium and technique; Define the role of managers, curators, buyers, collectors, and art dealers in the art world; Differentiate between arti...

Description

GE 103 – Art Appreciation Chapter 3. Artists and the Artisans Objectives:

By the end of this chapter, students should be able to: 1. Define an artist’s or artisan’s medium and technique; 2. Define the role of managers, curators, buyers, collectors, and art dealers in the art world; 3. Differentiate between artist and artisan’s approach/ technique toward a particular medium; 4. Identify National and GAMABA artist’s notable works and their contribution to society; 5. Explain the three stages in the creative process. This chapter focuses on the most important element and creator in many work of art, which is the artist or the artisan. The artists’ or artisans’ medium, technique, and process in their arts stem from their urge to create, which is universal and widespread. Artists and artisans are driven by their sense of wonder and curiosity. The stages in the creative process would reflect the notable works from the different artists and artisans who were given the highest recognition from our country. Let’s Start Out Guide Questions: Please briefly answer the following questions. Provide a piece of paper for them. 1. What art form can you most relate to and appreciate? It may be architecture, sculpture, painting, music, literature, film, dance, performance/theater, and living traditions. 2. Name an artist whose works you really like. 3. Is there a particular work of art created by him or her that you relate to and appreciate? What is it and why? 4. With your classmate, discuss and compare the items you listed. 5. Based on what you wrote, make an assumption about what the painting means? Discussion Proper. This lesson will introduce the artists who have dedicated their lives to the cultivation of the arts through the works of great creativity, imagination, and daring throughout history. It aims to expand this into the wider world of arts and culture, wherein other key players and movers are testament to how the production, consumption, and distribution of arts have changed profoundly. ARTIST The word “artist” is generally defined as an art practitioner, such as a painter, sculptor, choreographer, dancer, writer, poet, musicians, and the like, who produces or creates indirectly functional arts with aesthetic value using imagination. Thus, artists provide us with paintings, sculptures, dances, music, literary pieces, and so on, as a means of provoking our thoughts, ideas, and emotions that are necessary to discover ourselves and our being. (Insert pic A Painter in Session Image by Agatha Brenica Ilagan)

Artists are creative individuals who use their imagination and skills to communicate in an art form. They use the materials of an art to solve visual problems. Artists look to many sources for inspiration. Some look forward to their natural and cultural environment for ideas; others look within themselves for creative imagination. Artists exhibit the courage to take risks. They are able to see their surroundings in new and unusual ways. They are willing to intensely for long periods of time to achieve their goals. Some artists are self-taught and have been called folk-artists because they are not educated in traditional artistic methods. Just like the artists, the artisans learn skills and techniques from some other artists but eventually, both artists and artisans, develop their own unique styles. ARTISAN An artisan is a craftsman, such as carpenter, carver, plumber, blacksmith, weaver, embroiderer, and the like, who produces directly functional and/or decorative arts. Artisans help us in meeting our basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, dwelling, furniture, and kitchen utensils; they craft everything that makes our life easy. The artisan’s works are useful, relevant and essential in our everyday life. They serve us for a long time, supplying us directly functional arts.

(Artisans from Bassey, Samar weaving and completing handmade baskets) The artisan is basically a physical worker who makes objects with his or her hands, and who through skill, experience, and ability can produce things of great beauty, as well as usefulness. The artist on the other hand, is someone devoted only to the creative part, making visually pleasant work only for the gratification and appreciation of the viewer but with no practical value. KEY COMPONENT OF THE ART MARKET The art market is an economic ecosystem that relies not only on supply and demand but also on the fabrication of a work’s predicted future monetary and /or cultural value. The art market can appear somewhat unclear since artists do not make art with the sole intention of selling it, and buyers often have no idea of the value of their pleasure.

The following are the important players in the art market: Curator

A curator, who is a manager or overseer, and usually a curator or keeper of a cultural heritage institution (e,g, gallery, museum, library, or archive), is a content specialist charged with an institution’s collections, selecting arts to be displayed in a museum, organizing art exhibitions in galleries or public places, researching artists, and writing catalogs and involved with the interpretation of heritage. To be successful, a curator should be organized, passionate, knowledgeable, adept at multitasking, and proficient at writing. Art Buyer An art buyer is a professional who is knowledgeable in art, who may scout talents for an advertising agency seeking to employ an art director, or who may look for an art for a collector or a company.

(A display of artworks for sale to the public) Art Dealer An art dealer is a person or a company that buys and sells works of art. Art dealers often study the history of art before starting their careers. They have to understand the business side of the art world. They keep up with the trends in the market and are knowledgeable about the style of art that people want to buy. They figure out how much they should pay for a piece and then estimate the resale price. To determine the artwork’s value, dealers inspect the objects or paintings closely and compare the fine details with similar pieces.

Private Collections This is personal owned collection of works, usually a collection of art. In a museum or artgallery environment, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by the institution, but is on loan from an individual or organizations, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. The source is usually from a school, church organization, from a bank, or form other private company or any institution. THE CREATIVE PROCESS Robert Fritz, based on his book, enumerated the steps in the creative process, and said that creating is a skill that can be learned and developed. Like any other skill, we learn by practice and hands-on experience.—we can learn to create by creating. There are, however, some steps we can follow to guide our action, Fritz enumerated three stages in the creative process: 1. Conceive the result you want to create. Creation starts at the end. We need to have an idea of what we want to create, of what we want to have and manifest. We need a vision- individual or collectivethat we want to realize. 2. Know what currently exists.It is difficult to create something novel and/or original in any area of knowledge without being aware of what is being done in that area. 3. Take actions.Having a wonderful idea or vision is not enough, you have to do something to make it real, to manifest it although sometimes, you will have to do things that might generate criticisms, sometime you will make serious mistakes and you will have to start again. 4. Develop your creativity. Every new creation gives you fresh thoughts and knowledge of your own creative process. You will then increase your ability to picture what want and your capacity to bring those outcomes into real-life situations. 5. Lear the rhythms of the creative process. There are three fundamental stages in the Creative Process: germination, assimilation, and completion. Three Stages in the Creative Process 1. Germination (Idea) – is the initial moment when you conceive a new project in your life. It is a moment with a lot of energy coming out of the future you envision. It is powerful time you will have to use wisely for providing the right steps to move forward. In the germination stage, you are planting the seeds of your creation. The most important and difficult thing in this stage is choosing. You need to be more specific about what you want to do. You have to learn to choose well, to make good decisions. 2. Assimilation-a crucial step in the creative process because you will plan, analyze it, and cultivate it with all the available resources. It follows an organic path, with its own rhythms and needs. Sometimes it will look chaotic and difficult to manage, do not try to intervene to change this process or adapt it to your convenience. You will likely to be unsuccessful and put the whole project in danger. 3. Completion is the time to finish your project, to give it to the final shape before you present it to the audience. It is a difficult time because your energy will be little and likely dispersed with a new vision. Put a deadline to your projects and do not get entangled in small a never-ending details. A BEAUTIFUL WAY TO CONCLUDE YOUR PROJECTS IS BY CELEBRATING THEM. Celebrating is a great opportunity to share with other people your happiness for hat you have done. Afterward you will be ready to start again.

Three Stages in Art making. Art making can be associated with art exploration, concept development, and art production. In the creative process, the artist undergoes three stage of experience, which are popularly known as: 1. PRE-PRODUCTION OR SUBJECT DEVELOPMENT- this ends when the planning ends, and the content starts being produced. 2. PRODUCTION OR MEDIUM MANIPULATION- is a method of joining diverse material inputs and unimportant inputs (plans, know –how to make something for consumption (the output). It is the act of creating output, a good or service that has significance and contributes to the utility of individuals. 3. POST PRODUCTION (COMPLETION) OR EXHIBITION- once an artwork is finished, it will be displayed, circulated, and performed for the audience and public to see or watch. Medium and Technique Medium- refers to the materials that are used by an artist to create a work of art. The plural for of medium is media. Without the medium, an idea remains a concept, or it would just dwell in the walls of the artist’s imagination. It is challenging to manipulate medium and transform it from its raw state. Technique It refers to the artist’s ability and knowledge or technical know-how in manipulating the medium. It is the manner by which the artist controls the medium to achieve the desired effects; thus, it is in the technique that artists differ from one another. Making an artwork requires technical competence. The ability to manipulate is the driving force in the birthing of a new form or idea. GRAPHIC ORGANIZER (Story Map) This is a visual and graphic display that depicts the relationship among the facts, terms, and/or ideas within a learning task. It is also sometimes referred to as knowledge map, concept map, cognitive organizer, advance organizer, or concept diagram. Graphic organizer of ApoWhang-od Oggay, a Filipina tattoo artist from Buscalan, Tingalan, Kalinga. She is often described as the “last” and oldest mambabatok and is part of the Butbut people of the larger Kalinga ethnic group. She was awarded Dangal ng Haraya Award in 2018 equivalent to National Artist.

The last Kalinga tattoo artist of the Philippines

RECOGNITION AND AWARD FOR ARTIST AND ARTISAN 1. Gawad sa Manlilikhang Bayan (GAMABA) National Living Treasure Award The Award was institutionalized in 1992 through Republic Act No. 7335. The National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCAA), which is the highest policy-making and coordinating body of the Philippines for culture and the arts, was tasked with the implementation. The award is conferred upon a Filipino citizen or group of Filipino citizen engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino, whose distinctive skills have reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to and widely practiced by the present generation in his/her community with the same degree of technical and artistic competence. HOW DOES ONE BECOME A MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN? To become a Manlilikha ng Bayan, an individual or group candidate must: a. Possess a mastery of tools and materials needed for the traditional, folk art and be a maker of works of extraordinary technical quality; 1. Have consistently produced works of superior quality over significant period; 2. Have engaged in a traditional and folk art which has been in existence and documented for at least fifty (50) years; 3. Command respect and inspire admiration of the country with his character and integrity; 4. Must have transferred and/or willing to transfer to other members of the community the skills in the traditional and folk arts for which the community has become nationally known.

5. However, a candidate who, due to age or infirmity, has left him/her/them incapable of teaching further his/her/their craft, may still be recognized provided that he/she/they must possess the qualifications as enumerated above. Duties and Responsibilities of Awardees The Manlilikha ng Bayan is a link between the past, in which his/her traditional folk art found fertile soil for growth, and the future, during which he/she seeks his/her art to be permanently sustained. It becomes his/her responsibility, therefore, to undertake the following: (a) to transfer the skills of his/her traditional folk art to the younger generation through apprenticeship and such other training methods as are found to be effective; (b) to cooperate with the implementing agency, as provided for in Sec. 7 of this Act in the promotion and propagation of his/her traditional folk arts; and (c) to donate to the National Museum a sample or copy of his/her work. Below are the recipients of the GAMABA Award: 1. Ginaw Bilog(d. 2003), artist and poet, Mansalay, Oriental Mindoro Poetry (Ambahan), 1993

2. Masino Intaray (d. 2013), musician and epic chanter, Brookes Point, Plawan, Poetry (Kulilaw and Bagit)Music (Basal/ Gong), 1993

3. Samanon Sulaiman (d. 2011), Musician, Mama sa Pano, Maguindanao Music (kutyapi), 1993

4. Lang Dulay (d.2015) textile waiver, Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, waeving (T’nalak),1998

5. Salinta Monon (d. 2009), weaver, Bansalan, Davao del Sur, waeving(abaca-ikat/Inabal), 1998

6. Alonzo Saclag, musician and dancer,Lubugan, Kalinga Province, Musici and Dance (Kalinga), 2000

7.

Fredirico Caballero, epic chanter, Sulid- Bukidnon, Iloilo, Poetry/ Epic Chant(Sugidanon), 2000

8. Uwang Ahadas, musician, Lamitan, Basilan, music, (Yakan specially Kulintang, Kwitangan Kayu, gabbang agung, and tuntungan), 2000

9. Darhata Sawabi, (d. 2005), weaver, Parang Sulu, weaving (pis Syabit),2004

10. Eduardo Mutuc, metalsmith/metal sculptor, Apalit Pampanga, Meatalwork (Bronze qand Silver),2004

11. Haja Amina Appi (d. 2013), weaver, Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi, weaving (mat), 2004

12. Teofilo Garcia, casque maker, San Quintin, Abra, Casque making (Tabungaw),2012

13. Magdalena Gamayo, master weaver, pinili, Ilocos Norte, Weaving (inabel), 2012

14. Ambalang Ausalin, master weaver, Lamitan, Basilan, Weaving (Yakan tennun), 2016

15. Estelita Tumandan Bantilan, master weaver, Malapatan Sangani, Weaving (B’laan igem),2016

16. Yabing Masalon Dulo, master weaver, Polomolok, South Cotabato, Weaving (Ikat), 2016

2. National Artist National Artist of the Philippines The order of the National Artists is considered to be the highest national recognition for individuals who contributed to the development of Philippine arts. The NCCA and the Cultural Center of the Philippines together administer this award. The President of the Philippines grants this award to an artist after both institutions give recommendations for this particular artist. This began in 1972 when Presidential Proclamation no. 1001, s. 1972 was enacted to recognize Filipino who made exceptional contributions to Philippine arts and letters. Painter Fernando Amorsolo was awarded the same year, making him the first national Artist. The National Commission for Culture and the Arts and the Cultural Center of the Philippines have set criteria for the order of national artists. These criteria are as follows: 1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those who died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death; 2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed in building a Filipino sense of nationhood; 3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning distinction and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists; 4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching artistic expression or style; and 5. Artists who enjoy broad ace through: • prestigious national and/or international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, CCP Thirteen Artists Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya; • Critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works; • Respect and esteem from peers. Truly, the Order of National Artists plays a vital role in the development of Philippine arts in the contemporary setting. This part is divided into three lessons to help understand the roles of each National Artist and their contribution to contemporary arts. Insert pic of emblem of the order of the national artist of the Phils.

ART EXHIBITS

In general, an exhibition is a planned arrangement and display of a collection of items. Actually, exhibitions usually take place within museums, galleries, and exhibition halls, and World’s fairs. Exhibition can include many things, such as art in both major museums and smaller galleries, interpretive exhibitions, natural history museums and history museums, and also varieties, such as more commercially focused exhibitions and trade fairs, The word “exhibition” is usually, but not always, the word used for a collection of items made available to an audience. The term “exhibit” generally refers to a single item being shown within an exhibition. In most cases, exhibits are considered temporary and usually scheduled to open and close on specific dates. While many exhibitions are shown in multiple locations and are called travelling exhibitions, and some are online exhibitions. Even if exhibitions are frequent events, the concept of an exhibition is quite wide and covers many variables. Exhibitions range from an extraordinarily large events, such as a World’ fair exposition to small one-artist solo shows or a display of just one item. Curators are sometimes as concerned as the people who select the items in an exhibition. Writers and editors are sometimes needed to write texts, labels, and accompanying printed materials such as catalogs and books. Architects, exhibition designers, graphic designers, and any other designers may be required to shape the exhibition space and give form to the editorial content. Organizing and holding exhibitions also requires effective event planning, management, and logistics. Let’s Wind Up One of the most interesting progressions in the affairs of man is the evolution of the artist throughout history. From the banalities of the works he created to assist and inform everybody, he was caught in the midst prevailing and shifting ideologies, and utilized the power of the creativity and imagination in attempt to grapple with the world around him. An artist is a person who exhibits exceptional skills in design, painting and the like who works in one of the performing arts, like an actor or musician. There are two kinds of artists - creators and performers. There a lot of expectation and responsibility attached to artists. Woodrow Wilson underscores, “Y...