Chapter 7 Worksheet - Lecture notes 7 PDF

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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR REVIEW WORKSHEET Chapter 7 – Communication 1. What is communication? Can be writing, reading, speaking, listen. Any form of information + understanding transfer between two people: the sender and receiver.

2. What percentage of adult waking time is spent communicating? 70%

3. Is reading communicating? Yes

4. Why is communication the foundation of in the workplace? It is important from motivating, to providing information, to controlling behavior, to expressing emotion. Good communication skills rated as the most important characteristic of an ideal job candidate.

5. Do we communicate as effectively as we think?

6. Describe the eight steps in the communication process. 1: The sender: Initiates message 2: Encoding: Leads to message 3: The message: Physical product of senders encoding 4: The channel: Medium through which message travels Formal channels: established by organization to transmit messages related to the professional activities of members Informal channels: Spontaneous and emerge as a response to individual choices. 5: Decoding: The translation of symbols into understandable form 6: The receiver: Person whom the message is directed to. Decodes message 7: Noise: Communication barriers that distort clarity of message; can be perceptual problems, information overload, semantic difficulties, or culture differences 8: Feedback: The check on how successful we have been in transferring our

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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR messages as originally intended

7. Which steps is the Sender responsible for? Encoding, the message, and the channel

8. Which steps is the Receiver responsible for? Decoding the message, feedback

9. What is the difference between formal and informal channels? One is for the organizations professional activities, the other is spontaneous individual actions

10. Explain communication apprehension and provide an example. What range of the workforce may be affected by communication apprehension? 5-20% of populations suffers from communication apprehension/anxiety which is undue tension and anxiety about oral/written communication

11. Discuss the different channel richness or lack of richness in which communication happens? A channel is considered rich is it can handle multiple cues simultaneously, facilitate rapid feedback, and be very personal.

12. According to the textbook diagram, which channels offer the richest form of communication (list top three)? Face to face, video conferences, telephone conversations

13. Which channels offer the poorest form of communication? Formal reports, bulletins, memos, letters, email 14. What are the eight barriers to effective communication described in the textbook? Explain each of these barriers.

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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR 15. Barrier Type

Explanation

Filtering

Manipulation of information to make it more favorable for the receiver.

Selective Perception

Receivers selectively processing what they see and hear based on their needs, motivations, experience, background, and other personal characteristics

Info Overload

When the info we have to work with exceeds our processing capacity.

Emotions

Interpreting the same message differently when you’re angry or distraught than when you are happy.

Language

Words take on different meaning as Age and context come into play.

Silence

Withholding communication

Nonverbal communication

Includes body movements, facial expressions, and the physical distance between the sender and receiver.

Lying

Misrepresentation of information.

meant by direction of communication in organizations? How it can flow downward, upwards and/or laterally in an organization

16. Describe the following: downward, upward and lateral communication. Downward: Used by group leaders and managers to assign goals, provide job instructions, inform employees of policies and procedures, identify problems that need attention and offer feedback. Upward: Used to provide feedback to higher ups, inform them of progress towards goals, and relay current problems. Lateral: When communication occurs among members of the same work group.

17. Explain small group networks. Chain, wheel and and all channel

18. What is the Grapevine? Most common informal communication network. Word of mouth info. 3 characteristics:

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W h at is

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR 1: Not controlled by management 2: Most employees perceive it as more believable and reliable than formal channels 3: Largely used to serve the interests of the people within it.

19. List three examples of electronic communications in our workplaces, and describe their function. Example

Function

Email

Can be quickly be written, edited and stored.

Text Messaging Social media

Blogs (web blog), twitter (microblog)

20. Explain cultural barriers to communication.

21. What are the four specific problems related to cultural barriers described in the text? Explain these four problems. Semantics (translating between languages, different word meanings Word connotations: words imply different things in different languages Tone difference: work, home and social talk Differing tolerance for conflict and methods for resolving conflicts

22. What is “cultural context?” The degree to which context influences the meaning individuals take from communication. High context relies on nonverbal communication heavily Low context relies on spoken and written words, body language is second

23. What are seven things you can do to reduce misinterpretations when communicating with people from a different culture?

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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Know yourself: recognize your own cultural identity and biases is critical to then understanding the unique viewpoint of other people Foster mutually respected culture Learn cultural context of ech person When in doubt listen State not facts, not your interpretations Consiuder the other persons view point Proactively maintain the identity of the group

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