Title | Chem Formula Sheet |
---|---|
Course | Introductory Chemistry |
Institution | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign |
Pages | 3 |
File Size | 213 KB |
File Type | |
Total Downloads | 89 |
Total Views | 149 |
Chem Formula Sheet...
AP Chemistry Equations & Constants Throughout the test the following symbols have the definitions specified unless otherwise noted. L, mL g nm atm
= = = =
liter(s), milliliter(s) gram(s) nanometer(s) atmosphere(s)
mm Hg J, kJ V mol
= = = =
millimeters of mercury joule(s), kilojoule(s) volt(s) mole(s)
ATOMIC STRUCTURE E = energy E = hν c = λν
ν = frequency λ = wavelength Planck’s constant, h = 6.626 × 10−34 J s Speed of light, c = 2.998 × 108 m s−1 Avogadro’s number = 6.022 × 1023 mol−1 Electron charge, e = −1.602 × 10−19 coulomb
EQUILIBRIUM Kc = Kp =
[C]c [D]d , where a A + b B R cC+dD [A]a [B]b
Equilibrium Constants
( PC ) c( PD ) d
Kc (molar concentrations)
a
( PA ) ( PB )
Kp (gas pressures)
b
Ka (weak acid) Kb (weak base)
Ka =
[H+ ][A- ] [HA]
Kb =
[OH -][HB + ] [B]
Kw (water)
Kw = [H+][OH−] = 1.0 × 10−14 at 25°C = Ka × K b pH = −log[H+], pOH = −log[OH−−] 14 = pH + pOH pH = pKa + log
[A - ] [HA]
pKa = −logKa , pKb = −logKb KINETICS ln[A] t − ln[A] 0 = − kt
1 -
[A ] t
1
[A ]0
= kt
t ½ = 0.693
k
k = rate constant t = time t ½ = half-life
GASES, LIQUIDS, AND SOLUTIONS PV = nRT P A = P total × XA, where XA =
moles A total moles
P total = P A + P B + P C + . . . n=
m M
K = °C + 273 D=
m
KE per molecule =
V 1 mv 2 2
Molarity, M = moles of solute per liter of solution A = abc
THERMOCHEMISTRY/ ELECTROCHEMISTRY
q = mcD T DS D = Â SD products -Â S D reactants D HD = Â D HfD products -Â D HfD reactants D GD = Â D GfD products -Â D GfD reactants D GD = D HD - TD SD = -RT lnK = -n F E D I
q t
P= V= T = n= m= M = D= KE = Ã = A= a= b= c =
pressure volume temperature number of moles mass molar mass density kinetic energy velocity absorbance molar absorptivity path length concentration
Gas constant, R = 8.314 J mol-1 K-1 = 0.08206 L atm mol - 1 K - 1 = 62.36 L torr mol- 1 K- 1 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 760 torr STP = 0.00D C and 1.000 atm
q m c T SD
= = = =
heat mass specific heat capacity temperature
= standard entropy D H = standard enthalpy GD = standard free energy n = number of moles ED = standard reduction potential I = current (amperes) q = charge (coulombs) t = time (seconds) Faraday’s constant,F = 96, 485 coulombs per mole of electrons 1 joule 1volt = 1 coulomb...