Chemistry chapter 14 Class Assignment pdf PDF

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chemistry chapter 14 class assignment questions and answers; true or false, fill in the blank, matching, short answers and problem solving...

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CH 14 CLASS ASSIGNMENT True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. ____ 1. The concentration of a solution is a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution. ____

2.

Carbonated water is a solution of carbon monoxide in water.

____

3.

A suspension is a mixture containing particles that settle out if left undisturbed.

____

4.

Milk is an example of a colloid.

____

5.

Molarity is the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution

____

6.

Mixtures can be either heterogeneous or homogenous.

____ 7. A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties. ____

8.

A colloid is a homogenous mixture of intermediate sized particles.

____

9.

Water is the most common solvent among liquid solutions.

____

10.

A dilute solution contains large amounts of solute.

____

11.

Muddy water from a creek after a heavy rain is an example of a suspension.

____ 12. solvation.

The process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution is called

____

13.

The individual substances in a heterogeneous mixture remain distinct.

____

14.

Two types of heterogeneous mixtures are suspensions and colloids.

____ 15. and pressure.

In a saturated solution, solute particles can be added into the solvent at a constant temperature

____

Carbonated water is a solution of carbon monoxide in water.

16.

____ 17. Gypsum is soluble in water because the attractive forces between the solute particles is greater than the attractive forces between the solute and the solvent particles. ____

18.

____ 19. and pressure.

The solvation process in sugar molecules takes place due to hydrogen bonding. In a saturated solution, solute particles can be added into the solvent at a constant temperature

____

20.

Solvation in water is called solubility.

Completion Complete each statement. 21. When a liquid is insoluble in another liquid, the liquids are said to be ____________________. 22.

A substance that does not dissolve in a solvent is said to be ____________________ in that

solvent. 23. The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure is called ____________________. 24. A measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution is called the ____________________ of the solution. 25. In kidney dialysis, the diffusion of solvent particles takes place across a semipermeable membrane from an area of ____________________ to ____________________ solvent concentration. 26. When solute particles are added to a pure solvent in a closed container at a constant temperature and pressure, the vapor pressure ____________________. 27. The type of solution formed by creek water after heavy rain is called ____________________. 28. The process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution is called ____________________. 29.

Air contains oxygen as the solute and ____________________ as the solvent.

30. Sucrose molecules readily dissolves in water because both sucrose molecules and water molecules are ____________________ molecules.

Short Answer 31.

Calculate the molarity of the solution.

32. The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure is called ____________________. 33. 34. container.

What is the relationship between temperature and solubility of substances? Explain why a soft drink loses its fizz after it has been opened and left without a lid on its

35.

Explain why sand particles are insoluble in water.

36.

Explain the random movement of pollen grains in water.

37.

Explain why sucrose molecules dissolve readily in water.

38.

Which way do water molecules diffuse across the membrane below?

Problem 39. L of water.

Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 0.2 mol of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 0.5

40. solution?

What is the percent by mass of NaCl in a water solution containing 25 g of NaCl in 500 g of

41.

What is the molality of a solution formed by mixing 35 g of potassium hydroxide in 750 g of

water?

CH 14 CLASS ASSIGNMENT Answer Section TRUE/FALSE 1. ANS: T PTS: 1 NAT: UCP.3 2. ANS: F Carbonated water is a solution of carbon dioxide in water.

DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 3. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 4. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 5. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 6. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | UCP.2 7. ANS: T A mixture is a combination of TWO or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 | B.2 8. ANS: F A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture of intermediate sized particles. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 9. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 10. ANS: F A CONCENTRATED solution contains large amounts of solute. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | UCP.2 11. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 12. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | UCP.2 13. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 14. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 15. ANS: F In a saturated solution, the amount of dissolved solute particles is maximum for a given amount of solvent at constant temperature and pressure. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 16. ANS: F Carbonated water is a solution of carbon dioxide in water.

NAT: UCP.2 | B.3

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 TOP: Describe the characteristics of solutions and identify the various types. KEY: Solutions MSC: 1 NOT: When carbon dioxide gas is mixed with water, it forms a carbonate of water, which is called carbonated water. 17. ANS: F Gypsum is insoluble in water. Solvation takes place only when the force of attraction between solvent particles and the solute particles is greater than the attractive forces between the solute particles. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.1 | B.4 TOP: Relate intermolecular forces and the process of solvation. KEY: Solvation MSC: 2 NOT: The attractive forces among the solute ions are stronger than the attractive forces exerted by the water molecules. 18. ANS: T One sugar molecule has eight O–H bonds, which provide the site for hydrogen bonding with water. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.1 | B.4 TOP: Relate intermolecular forces and the process of solvation. KEY: Solvation MSC: 2 NOT: Hydrogen bonds have forces of attraction due to which water molecules collide with the outer surface of the solute particles and lead to solvation. 19. ANS: F In a saturated solution, the amount of dissolved solute particles is maximum for a given amount of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.2 TOP: Define solubility and identify factors affecting it. KEY: Saturated solution MSC: 1 NOT: In a saturated solution, solute particles can be added into the solvent particles by raising the temperature. 20. ANS: F Solvation in water is called hydration. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.1 | B.4 TOP: Relate intermolecular forces and the process of solvation. KEY: Solvation MSC: 1 NOT: Solubility refers to the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature and pressure. COMPLETION 21.

ANS: immiscible

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 TOP: Describe the characteristics of solutions and identify the various types. KEY: Immiscible MSC: 1 22. ANS: insoluble PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 TOP: Describe the characteristics of solutions and identify the various types. KEY: Insoluble MSC: 1

23.

ANS: solubility

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 TOP: Define solubility and identify factors affecting it. MSC: 1 24. ANS: concentration

NAT: B.2 KEY: Solubility

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 TOP: State the concentrations of solutions in different ways. MSC: 1 25. ANS: higher, lower

NAT: UCP.3 | B.2 KEY: Concentration

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 TOP: Describe four colligative properties of solutions. MSC: 2 26. ANS: decreases lowers

NAT: UCP.2 | B.2 KEY: Osmosis

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 TOP: Describe four colligative properties of solutions. MSC: 2 27. ANS: suspension

NAT: UCP.2 | B.2 KEY: Vapor pressure

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 TOP: Identify the properties of suspensions and colloids. MSC: 1 28. ANS: solvation

NAT: B.2 KEY: Suspensions

PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.1 | B.4 TOP: Relate intermolecular forces and the process of solvation. KEY: Solvation MSC: 1 29. ANS: nitrogen PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: UCP.1 | B.2 TOP: Describe the characteristics of solutions and identify the various types. KEY: Solutions MSC: 1 30. ANS: polar PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1

SHORT ANSWER 31. 0.2 / 0.5 = 0.4 M

ANS:

PTS: 1 32. Solubility

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK2 ANS:

NAT: UCP.3 | UCP.5 | A.1

PTS: 1 33.

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK1 ANS:

NAT: UCP.2 | UCP.3 | B.3

The relationship between temperature and solubility varies from one solute to another. The solubility increases in most substances with an increase in temperature, but in a few substances, the solubility decreases with an increase in temperature. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.2 TOP: Define solubility and identify factors affecting it. KEY: Solubility | Temperature MSC: 1 34. ANS: The fizz of the beverage is carbon dioxide dissolved into the soft drink at a pressure much higher than atmospheric pressure. Opening the container and leaving it exposed to air at normal atmospheric pressure causes the dissolved carbon dioxide to bubble up in the soft drink allowing it to escape into the air. The loss of dissolved carbon dioxide causes the drink to lose its carbonation or fizz. Also, the carbon dioxide's solubility decreases due to decreasing pressure. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK1 NAT: B.2 TOP: Define solubility and identify factors affecting it. KEY: Pressure | Solubility MSC: 2 35. ANS: Sand particles are insoluble in water because the attractive forces in sand particles are greater than the attractive force between water and sand particles. The attractive forces in sand particles are so strong that they cannot be overcome by the attractive forces exerted by water molecules. Therefore, sand particles are insoluble in water. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1 NAT: B.1 | B.4 TOP: Relate intermolecular forces and the process of solvation. KEY: Solvation MSC: 2 36. ANS: Pollen grains have polar or charged atomic groups on their surfaces. These areas on the surface of pollen grains attract the positively or negatively charged areas of water resulting in the formation of electrostatic layers around the particles. The layers repel each other when the pollen particles collide and, thus, the particles remain in the colloid. This erratic movement of pollen grains in water is called Brownian motion. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1 NAT: UCP.2 | B.1 | B.2 | B.4 TOP: Explain the electrostatic forces in colloids. KEY: Brownian motion MSC: 2 37. ANS: Sucrose molecules are polar, which is why they can form hydrogen bonds with water. The attractive forces among sucrose molecules are overcome by the attractive forces between polar water molecules and the polar sucrose molecules. The sucrose molecules leave the crystal and become solvated by water molecules. PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK2 38. ANS: Water molecules diffuse across a membrane from low concentration of solute to high concentration of solute. PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 2|DOK1

PROBLEM 39.

ANS:

0.4 M PTS: 1

DIF: Bloom's Level 1|DOK2

NAT: UCP.3 | B.2

TOP: Calculate the concentrations of solutions. KEY: Molarity MSC: 3 NOT: To calculate the molarity, divide moles of sodium hydroxide by liters of water. 40. ANS: The percent by mass is 5%. Percent by mass =

PTS: 1 41.

100 =

100 = 5%

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK2 ANS:

The molality of the solution is 0.832m. Convert the mass of solute to moles. 35g KOH = 0.624 mol KOH

Convert the solvent mass to kilograms. 750 g = 0.750 kg

Substitute the known values into the molality equation. Molality =

PTS: 1

=

= 0.832m

DIF: Bloom's Level 3|DOK2...