Community Options PDF

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lecture notes with Dr. Christine Tartaro on community options in corrections...

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COMMUNITY OPTIONS 

Why Use Community Alternatives? o Justice concerns: some offenses don’t warrant incarceration o Financial concerns:  Incarceration - $30,000 per year per inmate  Atlantic County Jail - $100 per inmate per day  Community programs = $3,000 or less per person per year o Use community treatment options o Health of the community  Keep family together  Jobs  Community service o Incarceration is harmful

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Diversion o Divert people from formal CJ processing o Minor offenses (mostly) o Requirements  Fulfill duties  Stay out of trouble

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Probation o 3.7 million people today o History  John Augustus (1841 – 1859): first bail bondsman and father of American Probation  MA started using in 1878  Not implemented as planned

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Probation Today o Intensity varies o Standard conditions: Figure 5.4 o Special conditions: fines, restitutions, community service, electronic monitoring, etc.  Drug court o Sentence length can be decreased or increased based on behavior o Going to jail  New crime  Technical violation

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Working in Probation (NJ) o No guns o Divisions  Supervision units

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 Mental health  Sex offenders  Domestic violence  Drug court  PTI  Conditional discharge: only occasional contact with probation Other Areas  Juvenile  Child support  More special areas o Criminals do presentence investigation reports o Child support o Intensive Supervision Probation/Parole: come out of prison, get drug court failures

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Community Alternatives – Can be stand-alone or add-on to probation o Fines  Day fines – not used much in U.S. o Restitution o Community service

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Intermediate Sanctions o Electronic monitoring  Atlantic County: pay $8 a day to be on it o Day reporting centers (DRCs)  Can be sentenced to it  Can be an add-on if not doing well on probation o Halfway houses (residential community correction facilities). o Community drug treatment programs  Outpatient treatment: varies in intensity  Counseling  Methadone, naltrexone treatment  Relapse prevention aftercare  AA, NA  Drug education classes  Detox  Therapeutic community (9 to 12 months)  Short-term inpatient (3 to 6 months) o Problem Solving Courts  Drug court  Mental health court  Veterans court

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Caution! o Avoid net widening o Could be hard for family

 The have to sacrifice  Domestic issues? o No true incapacitation ...