CompTIA Server+ Study Guide PDF

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CompTIA Server+ ® Study Guide CompTIA Server+ ® Study Guide Troy McMillan Senior Acquisitions Editor: Kenyon Brown Development Editor: David Clark Technical Editors: Robin Abernathy and Quentin Docter Production Editor: Christine O’Connor Copy Editor: Elizabeth Welch Editorial Manager: Mary Beth Wa...

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CompTIA Server+ Study Guide

®

CompTIA Server+ Study Guide

Troy McMillan

®

Senior Acquisitions Editor: Kenyon Brown Development Editor: David Clark Technical Editors: Robin Abernathy and Quentin Docter Production Editor: Christine O’Connor Copy Editor: Elizabeth Welch Editorial Manager: Mary Beth Wakefield Production Manager: Kathleen Wisor Executive Editor: Jim Minatel Book Designers: Judy Fung and Bill Gibson Proofreader: Rebecca Rider Indexer: John Sleeva Project Coordinator, Cover: Brent Savage Cover Designer: Wiley Cover Image: Getty Images Inc./Jeremy Woodhouse Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN: 978-1-119-13782-5 ISBN: 978-1-119-13784-9 (ebk.) ISBN: 978-1-119-13783-2 (ebk.) Manufactured in the United States of America No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 6468600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Web site is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Web site may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Web sites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (877) 762-2974, outside the U.S. at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley publishes in a variety of print and electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Some material included with standard print versions of this book may not be included in e-books or in print-on-demand. If this book refers to media such as a CD or DVD that is not included in the version you purchased, you may download this material at http://booksupport.wiley.com. For more information about Wiley products, visit www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Control Number: 2016940086 TRADEMARKS: Wiley, the Wiley logo, and the Sybex logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. CompTIA and Server+ are registered trademarks of CompTIA Properties, LLC. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. 10  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1

For my wife Heike, who makes the hard work all worth it

Acknowledgments Special thanks go to David Clark for keeping me on schedule and ensuring all the details are correct. Also I’d like to thank Robin Abernathy and Quentin Docter for the excellent technical edit that saved me from myself at times. Finally, as always I’d like to acknowledge Kenyon Brown for his continued support of all my writing efforts.

About the Author Troy McMillan   writes practice tests, study guides, and online course materials for Kaplan IT Cert Prep, while also running his own consulting and training business. He holds over 30 industry certifications. Troy can be reached at [email protected].

Contents at a Glance Introduction

xxi

Assessment Test

li

Chapter 1

Server Hardware

Chapter 2

Installing and Configuring Servers  

43

Chapter 3

Server Maintenance

91

Chapter 4

Storage Technologies

135

Chapter 5

Identifying Capacity and Fault Tolerance Requirements

157

Chapter 6

Securing the Server

179

Chapter 7

Securing Server Data and Network Access

221

Chapter 8

Networking 

253

Chapter 9

Disaster Recovery

293

Chapter 10

Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Issues

315

Chapter 11

Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues

365

Chapter 12

Troubleshooting Storage Issues 

411

Appendix

Answers to Review Questions

443

Index

1

463

Contents Introduction

xxi

Assessment Test Chapter

Chapter

1

2

li Server Hardware

1

Server Form Factors Rack Mount Tower Blade Technology Installing and Configuring Server Components CPU RAM Bus Types, Bus Channels, and Expansion Slots NICs Hard Drives Riser Cards RAID Controllers BIOS/UEFI Firmware USB Interface/Ports Hot‐Swappable Component Maintaining Power and Cooling Requirements Power Cooling Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

3 3 6 7 11 11 16 19 21 22 25 26 26 28 28 29 29 29 34 37 37 39

Installing and Configuring Servers  

43

Installing and Configuring Server Operating Systems Determining the Server Role/Purpose Updating Firmware BIOS/UEFI Configuration Disk Preparation Configuring Hostnames Local Account Setup Connecting to the Network Joining a Domain/Directory Addressing Security Concerns Enabling Services

45 45 46 46 49 54 55 56 56 57 58

xii 

Chapter

Contents

3

Installing Features, Roles, Applications, and Drivers Performance Baseline Unattended/Remote Installations Using Access and Control Methods to Administer a Server Local Hardware Administration Network-Based Hardware Administration Network-Based Operating System Administration Purpose and Operation of Virtualization Components Hosts and Guests Management Interface for Virtual Machines Hypervisor Hardware Compatibility List Resource Allocation Between Guest and Host Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

60 60 63 66 66 69 71 73 73 74 74 77 78 85 85 87

Server Maintenance

91

Server Roles and Requirements Web Server Application Server Directory Services Server Database Server File Servers Print Server Messaging Server Mail Server Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Server Network Services Server Proper Server Maintenance Techniques Change Management Patch Management Outages and Service-Level Agreements Performance Monitoring Hardware Maintenance Fault Tolerance and High Availability Techniques Asset Management and Documentation Asset Management Documentation Secure Storage of Sensitive Documentation Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

93 93 94 95 96 96 97 98 98 98 99 100 101 101 104 105 108 120 123 123 125 129 130 130 131

Contents 

Chapter

Chapter

Chapter

4

5

6

Storage Technologies

xiii

135

Hardware and Features of Various Storage Technologies Direct Attached Storage (DAS) Network-Attached Storage (NAS) Storage Area Networks (SANs) Using iSCSI and FCoE JBOD Tape Optical Drive Flash, Compact Flash, and USB Drive Installing and Deploying Primary Storage Devices Disk Specifications Interfaces Hard Drive vs. SSD Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

136 136 136 137 140 142 142 144 144 144 144 146 150 152 152 153

Identifying Capacity and Fault Tolerance Requirements

157

Calculating Appropriate Storage Capacity and Planning for Future Growth Base 10 vs. Base 2 Disk Size Calculation Disk Quotas Compression Capacity Planning Considerations Configuring RAID RAID Levels and Performance Considerations Software vs. Hardware RAID Configuration Specifications Hot-Swap Support and Ramifications Hot Spare vs. Cold Spare Array Controller Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

158 158 159 160 160 164 165 167 169 171 171 171 173 173 174

Securing the Server

179

Physical Security Methods and Concepts Multifactor Authentication Security Concepts Server Hardening Techniques

180 180 181 187

xiv 

Chapter

Chapter

Contents

7

8

OS Hardening Endpoint Security Remediating Security Issues Based on a Vulnerability Scan Hardware Hardening Proper Environmental Controls and Techniques Power Concepts and Best Practices Safety Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

187 189 190 192 196 197 206 215 215 216

Securing Server Data and Network Access

221

Basic Network Security Systems and Protocols Firewall Network Access Control Router Access List NIDS Authentication Protocols PKI VPN IPsec VLAN Security Zones Logical Access Control Methods Access Control Lists Permissions Data Security Methods and Secure Storage Disposal Techniques Storage Encryption Storage Media Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

222 222 226 228 229 229 230 232 232 233 234 235 235 240

Networking  Configuring Servers to Use IP Addressing and Network Infrastructure Services IPv4 vs. IPv6 Default Gateway CIDR Notation and Subnetting Public and Private IP Addressing Static IP Assignment vs. DHCP DNS

243 243 245 247 247 248 253 255 255 256 256 257 258 259

Contents 

NetBIOS WINS NAT/PAT MAC Addresses Network Interface Card Configuration Ports and Protocols TCP vs. UDP SNMP 161 SMTP 25 FTP 20/21 SFTP 22 SSH 22 SCP 22 NTP 123 HTTP 80 HTTPS 443 Telnet 23 IMAP 143 POP3 110 RDP 3389 FTPS 989/990 LDAP 389/3268 DNS 53 DHCP 68 Cable Management Procedures Copper Fiber Connectors Cable Placement and Routing Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions Chapter

9

Disaster Recovery Disaster Recovery Principles Site Types Replication Methods Continuity of Operations Backup Methodology Backup Media Media and Restore Best Practices Media Storage Location

xv

265 265 267 267 269 275 275 276 276 276 276 276 276 277 277 277 277 277 277 277 278 278 278 278 278 278 281 282 285 288 289 290 293 294 294 295 297 298 299 304 305 307

xvi 

Chapter

Chapter

Contents

10

11

Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

309 309 310

Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Issues

315

Troubleshooting Theory and Methodologies Identifying the Problem and Determining the Scope Establish a Theory of Probable Cause (Question the Obvious) Test the Theory to Determine Cause Establish a Plan of Action to Resolve the Problem and Notify Impacted Users Implement the Solution or Escalate as Appropriate Verify Full System Functionality and If Applicable Implement Preventative Measures Perform a Root Cause Analysis Document Findings, Actions and Outcomes Throughout the Process Troubleshooting Hardware Problems Common Problems Causes of Common Problems Environmental Issues Hardware Tools Troubleshooting Software Problems Common Problems Cause of Common Problems Software Tools Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

317 317

Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues Diagnosing Network Problems Common Problems Causes of Common Problems Networking Tools Diagnosing Security Issues Common Problems Causes of Common Problems Security Tools Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

319 320 320 320 321 321 321 322 322 328 331 333 334 334 343 348 360 360 361 365 366 366 378 384 391 391 393 399 404 405 406

Contents 

Chapter

Appendix

12



Troubleshooting Storage Issues 

411

Troubleshooting Storage Problems Common Problems Causes of Common Problems Storage Tools Summary Exam Essentials Review Questions

412 412 418 426 438 439 440

Answers to Review Questions Chapter 1: Server Hardware Chapter 2: Installing and Configuring Servers Chapter 3: Server Maintenance Chapter 4: Storage Technologies Chapter 5: Identifying Capacity and Fault Tolerance Requirements Chapter 6: Securing the Server Chapter 7: Securing Server Data and Network Access Chapter 8: Networking Chapter 9: Disaster Recovery Chapter 10: Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Issues Chapter 11: Troubleshooting Connectivity Issues Chapter 12: Troubleshooting Storage Issues

Index

xvii

443 444 445 447 448 450 451 453 455 456 458 460 461 463

Table of Exercises Exercise

1.1

Replacing a CPU in a Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Exercise

2.1

Changing the Boot Order Using the BIOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Exercise

2.2

Changing the Boot Order Using the UEFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Exercise

2.3

Disabling a Service in Windows Server 2012 R2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Exercise

2.4

Disabling a Service in Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Exercise

3.1

Using Windows Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Exercise

3.2

Replacing the Back Panel Fan in a Dell PowerEdge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Exercise

3.3

Changing a Drive on a Dell 1850 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Exercise

3.4

Changing RAM in an IBM Blade Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

Exercise

3.5

Replacing the SCSI Backplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Exercise

3.6

Replacing the Battery in an IBM Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Exercise

4.1

Installing a SATA Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Exercise

6.1

Disabling the Network Adaptor in Windows Server 2012 R2 . . . . . . . . . 193

Exercise

8.1

Configuring a Suffix Search List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Exercise

8.2

Configuring a Suffix Search List as a Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Exercise

8.3

Configuring a Server to Use a WINS Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Exercise

8.4

Configuring a NIC Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

Exercise

8.5

Configuring a NIC Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Exercise

9.1

Creating a Bare-Metal Backup  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Exercise

10.1 Troubleshooting Expansion Cards in a Dell PowerEdge T110 . . . . . . . . 324

Exercise

10.2 Repairing Boot Files in Windows Server 2012 R2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Exercise

11.1 Identifying an IP Address Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

Exercise

11.2 Using a Sniffer to Identify the Code Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

Exercise

11.3 Installing the Telnet Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402

Exercise

12.1 Repairing the System in Windows Server 2012 R2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420

Exercise

12.2 Restoring Linux’s Boot Sector with GRUB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

Exercise

12.3 Checking the Disk in Windows Server 2012 R2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423

Becoming a CompTIA Certified IT Professional is Easy It’s also the best way to reach greater professional opportunities and rewards.

Why Get CompTIA Certified? Growing Demand

Higher Salaries

Verified Strengths

Universal Skills

Labor estimates predict some technology fields will experience growth of over 20% by the year 2020.* CompTIA certification qualifies the skills required to join this workforce.

IT professionals with certifications on their resume command better jobs, earn higher salaries and have more doors open to new multiindustry opportunities.

91% of hiring managers indicate CompTIA certifications are valuable in validating IT expertise, making certification the best way to demonstrate your competency and knowledge to employers.**

CompTIA certifications are vendor neutral—which means that certified professionals can proficiently work with an extensive variety of hardware and software found in most organizations.

Learn more about what the exam covers by reviewing the following:

Purchase a voucher at a Pearson VUE testing center or at CompTIAstore.com.

• Exam objectives for key study points.

• Register for your exam at a Pearson VUE testing center.

• Sample questions for a general overview of what to expect on the exam and examples of question format.

• Visit pearsonvue.com/CompTIA to find the closest testing center to you.

• Visit online forums, like LinkedIn, to see what other IT professionals say about CompTIA exams.

• Schedule the exam online. You will be required to enter your voucher number or provide payment information at registration. • Take your certification exam.

Congratulations on your CompTIA certification! • Make sure to add your certification to your resume. • Check out the CompTIA Certification Roadmap to plan your next career move.

Introduction The Server+ certification program was developed by the Computing Te...