Copy of Unit 5 Ch 10 Review Guide Fall 2021 PDF

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the factors of the digestive body system...

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Ch 10 Cell Growth, Division, & Cancer Review Guide Fall 2021 (45 pts)

Ch 10-1 Cell Growth 1.What problems do cells have as they grow larger? They could run out of nutrients 2. Explain how a cell’s DNA can limit the cell’s size. It could limit trasnport 3. How does surface area relate to a cell? It's like cell divison 4. How does volume relate to a cell? It takes longer to diffuse 5. What type of surface area-to-volume ratio is best for a cell? Convoluted surface 6. How do cells solve their surface area-to-volume problem? Reducing size of cytoplasm

Answer (Letter Only)

a

Question

7. The rate at which materials enter and leave through the cell membrane depends on the cell’s a. volume. b. weight. c. mass. d. surface area.

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Ch 10-2 Cell Cycle & Cell Division

3 Stages of Cell Cycle Descriptions 8. Interphase

G₁ : the cell works, grows, and gets ready for replication S: dna is replicated G₂ : reduces down to the dna

9. Mitosis

Chromosomes spread into a different nucleus

10. Cytokinesis

Cells divide

11. Make a grid of the 4 phases of mitosis. Describe what happens in each phase and insert a picture (use the internet) of each phase. Phase

Description

metaphase Chromosomes meet in the middle

prophase

Chromosomes pull apart

Image (From Internet)

anaphase

Separated nuclei

telophase

Membrane is made for the daughter cell and they all have the same dna

Answer (Letter Only)

Question

c

12. The process of cell division results in a. sister chromatids. b. mitosis. c. two daughter cells. d. unregulated growth.

d

13. Sister chromatids are attached to each other at an area called the a. centriole. b. centromere. c. spindle. d. chromosome.

12

14. If a cell has 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis? a. 4 b. 6 c. 12 d. 24

c

15. At the beginning of cell division, a chromosome consists of two a. centromeres. b. centrioles. c. chromatids. d. Spindles.

b

16. The phase of mitosis during which chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate from one another is a. prophase. b. anaphase. c. metaphase. d. telophase. 17. Which of the illustrations best represents metaphase of mitosis?

b

18. Explain how the following terms are related to one another: DNA, centromere, chromosome, chromatid. Dna makes chromatid 19. How does the number of chromosomes in the two new cells at the end of cell division compare with the number in the original cell? They get the same chromosomes the parent cells had 20. A classmate suggests that temperature might affect the rate of mitosis in plant cells. Design an experiment to test this hypothesis. We have to watch the cell grow in the same type of plant but in different temperature.

Answer (Letter Only)

Question

h

21. Some cells have several nuclei within the cytoplasm of a single cell. Considering the events in a typical cell cycle, which phase of the cell cycle is not operating when such cells form? a. G1 b. S c. G2 d. Prophase e. Metaphase f. Anaphase g. Telophase

h. Cytokinesis

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Ch 10-3 Regulating the Cell Cycle & Cancer 22. What are cell cycle regulators? protoncogenes 23. State an example of a cell cycle regulator. PDGF 23. Describe the role of cyclins in the cell cycle. It makes sure the progress of the cycle is going correct 24. What is cancer? A mutation of cells that divide cells faster than normal 25. What are the causes of cancer? (See Ch 10-3 Notes) Chemicals, the environments, toxins, exposure to sun 26. How do cancer cells differ from noncancerous cells? How are they similar? Thyere immortal and go through the cell cycle faster and similar because they both have organelles and a nucleus

Answer (Letter Only)

Question

j

27. The timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells is believed to be controlled by a group of closely related proteins known as i. chromatids. j. cyclins. k. centromeres. l. centrioles.

c

28. In the cell cycle, external regulators direct cells to

a. b. c. d.

c

speed up or slow down the cell cycle. remain unchanged. proceed and then stop the cell cycle. grow uncontrollably.

29. Uncontrolled cell division occurs in a. cancer. b. mitosis. c. cytokinesis. d. cyclin.

30. Briefly define/give a short description of the following vocabulary & phases (8 pts): Vocabulary Term

Definition/Description

Chromatid

A chromatid is one of two identical halves of a replicated chromosome

Centromere

A centromere is a constricted region of a chromosome that separates it into a short arm (p) and a long arm (q)

Centriole

cell organelle, seen near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, that divides in perpendicular during mitosis.

Spindle Fibers

a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell.

Chromosome

structures found in the center (nucleus) of cells that carry long pieces of DNA

Chromatin

Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells they package long DNA molecules into more compact, denser structures.

Cyclin

Cyclin is a family of proteins that controls the progression of a cell through the cell cycle

Cancer

A mutation of cells that divide cells faster than normal...