DESIGN OF A FOUR STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH MEZZANINE USING INSULATED CONCRETE FORM (ICF) WALL SYSTEM PDF

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DESIGN OF A FOUR STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH MEZZANINE USING INSULATED CONCRETE FORM (ICF) WALL SYSTEM Project By: GO, QUINCY JONES LANDICHO, PAOLO MADRIAGA, IAN MARC FRANCIS Submitted to the School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering (SCEGE) In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirem...

Description

DESIGN OF A FOUR STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH MEZZANINE USING INSULATED CONCRETE FORM (ICF) WALL SYSTEM

Project By:

GO, QUINCY JONES LANDICHO, PAOLO MADRIAGA, IAN MARC FRANCIS Submitted to the School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering (SCEGE)

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Mapua Institute of Technology Intramuros, Manila

FEBRUARY 2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS Approval Page List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Problem Statement 1.2 Project Objective 1.3 Major and Minor Areas of Civil Engineering 1.4 The Project Beneficiary 1.5 The Innovative Approach 1.6 Design Norms Considered 1.7 Research Component 1.8 Design Component 1.9 Sustainable Development Concept Chapter 2: Environmental Examination Report 2.1 Project Description 2.1.1 Project Rationale 2.1.2 Project Location 2.1.3 Project Information 2.1.4 Description of Project Phases 2.1.4.1 Pre-construction/Operational Phase 2.1.4.2 Construction Phase 2.1.4.3 Operational Phase 2.1.4.4 Abandonment Phase

2.2 Description of Environmental Setting and Receiving Environment 2.2.1 Physical Environment 2.2.2 Biological Environment 2.2.3 Socio-Cultural, Economic and Political Environment 2.2.4 Future Environmental Conditions without the Project

i ii iii 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 4

5 5 7 7 7 8 8 9

9 9 10 10

2.3 Impact Assessment and Mitigation 2.3.1 Summary Matrix of Predicted Environmental Issues/Impacts and their Level of Significance at Various Stages of Development 10 2.3.2 Brief Discussion of Specific Significant Impacts on the Physical and Biological Resources 11 2.3.3 Brief Discussion of Significant Socio-economic Effects/Impacts of the Project 11 2.4 Environmental Management Plan 2.4.1 Summary Matrix of Proposed Mitigation and Enhancement

Measures, Estimated Cost and Responsibilities 2.4.2 Brief Discussion of Mitigation and Enhancement Measures 2.4.3 Monitoring Plan 2.4.4 Contingency Plan 2.4.5 Institutional Responsibilities and Agreements Chapter 3: The Research Component 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Review of Literature 3.3 Methodology 3.3.1 Research Design 3.3.2 Conceptual Framework 3.4 Results and Discussions 3.5 Conclusions and Recommendations Chapter 4: Detailed Engineering Design 4.1 Loads and Codes 4.1.1 Introduction 4.1.2 Design Criteria 4.1.3 Dead Load 4.1.4 Live Load 4.1.5 Earthquake Load 4.1.6 Design Load Combination 4.2 Structural Design 4.2.1 Beam Computation 4.2.1.1 Beam Schedule Using CHB Wall 4.2.1.2 Beam Schedule Using ICF Wall 4.2.2 Slab Schedule 4.3 Foundation Design 4.3.1 Introduction 4.3.2 Footing Using Insulated Concrete Form for Wall 4.3.3 Footing Using Concrete Hollow Blocks for Wall 4.4 Base Shear Calculation 4.4.1 Using CHB Wall 4.4.2 Using ICF Wall 4.5 Plan Set 4.5.1 Civil Design Site Plan 4.6 Architectural Plan 4.6.1 Elevations 4.6.2 Floor Plans 4.6.3 Roof Plan 4.7 Structural Design

12 13 13 14 14

15 15 18 20 21 21

22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 26 27 27 27 28 32 36 36 37 38 42 44 45

4.8 Minor & Major Areas of Civil Engineering 4.8.1 Construction Engineering 4.8.2 Geotechnical Engineering 4.8.3 Structural Engineering Chapter 5: Promotional Materials 5.1 Walkthrough Chapter 6: Budget Estimate 6.1 Budget Estimate Using ICF Wall 6.2 Budget Estimate Using CHB Wall 6.3 Return of Investment 6.3.1 Return of Investment (ICF w/o AC Unit) 6.3.2 Return of Investment (ICF w/ AC Unit) 6.3.3 Return of Investment (CHB) Chapter 8: Project Schedule 8.1 Project Schedule (Using CHB Wall) 8.2 Project Schedule (Using ICF Wall)

48 51 54 57

51 52 54 55 56

Chapter 9: Summary and Conclusion Chapter 10: Recommendations

57 58

Acknowledgements

59

References

61

Appendix Article Type Paper Original Project Report Assessment Sheet by Panel Members English Editor Assessment and Evaluation Rubric Accomplished Consultation Forms Compilation of Assessment Forms (Rubrics) Copy of Project Poster Photocopy of Receipts Relevant Pictures Other Required Forms Student Reflections Resume 62 63 64

LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Predicted Environmental Issues/Impacts and their Level of Significance at Various Stages of Development

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Table 2. Proposed Mitigation and Enhancement Measures, Estimated Cost and Responsibilities

12

Table 3. Monitoring Plan

14

Table 4. Effect of Sound Transmission Classes on Speech Perception

16

Table 5. Racking Strength Data

17

Table 6. Comparison of Bending Strength

17

Table 7. Compressive Strength

17

Table 8. Budget Estimate (ICF Wall)

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Table 9. Budget Estimate (CHB Wall)

53

Table 10. Return of Investment (ICF w/o AC unit)

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Table 11. Return of Investment (ICF w/ AC unit)

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Table 12. Return of Investment (CHB)

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.0 Satellite View of Site Location

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Figure 2.0 Location Map

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Figure 3.0 Site Condition

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Figure 4.0 Column Legend

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Figure 5.0 Site Development Plan

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Figure 6.0 Front Elevation

37

Figure 7.0 Left Side Elevation

38

Figure 8.0 Rear Elevation

39

Figure 9.0 Right Side Elevation

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Figure 10.0 Ground and Mezzanine Floor Plan

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Figure 11.0 Typical 2nd to Floor Plan

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Figure 12.0 Roof Plan

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Figure 13.0 Framing Plan

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Figure 14.0 Dead Load and Live Load

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Figure 15.0 Earthquake Loading Diagram

45

Figure 16.0 STAAD 3-D View

46

Figure 17.0 Perspective

47

Figure 18.0 Section View

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Figure 19.0 Rooms

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Figure 20.0 Dining Area

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Figure 21.0 Kitchen

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Philippines is said to be one of the developing countries in the world. One of its developing industries is the construction industry wherein lots of developments are happening. This can be proven by numerous constructions of vertical structures such as condominiums, residential, and commercial buildings. Due to the increasing number of the structures, one of the main problems is the space. With limited space in Binondo, Manila the owner decided that the four-storey residential building to be constructed with narrow width yet has a long span. This is because there are existing buildings on both sides of the project location. There are also problems when it comes to the soil property of the site, noise and health due to its nearness to the creek and business culture. Since Binondo, Manila is within Metro Manila, there is a high possibility that the location is prone to flooding.

1.2. PROJECT OBJECTIVE The main objective of this project is to design a four-storey residential building that suits the available space and meets the customer’s desire for living. This will include energy efficiency, durability, sound proof and safety (earthquake, fire, and pests) of the structure using Insulated Concrete Form (ICF). Also, it aims to design a foundation that is appropriate for the soil type and to design a structure that can minimize the effect of flood to the occupants.

1.3. MAJOR AND MINOR CIVIL ENGINEERING FIELDS The civil engineering areas to be covered are structural, geotechnical and construction engineering. For structural, the design of the superstructure as lightweight structure will be covered. For the geotechnical, the design of the substructure and foundation suited for the soil type and conditions considered. The construction includes the materials to be used to make the structure lightweight.

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1.4. THE PROJECT BENEFICIARY

The project beneficiary is Ms. Hennie Joy Ong Tan a Chinese Filipino Citizen who lives and owns a general merchandise business in Aldeguer Street, Iloilo City. Ms. Tan will be represented by Arch. Rami C. Maniva, the architect of the project who is also based in Iloilo and has a branch in Capinpin Street, Brgy. Bangkal, Makati City.

1.5. THE INNOVATIVE APPROACH Thinking outside the box is one and always the job of every engineer, but one’s analysis and solution to the problem/s must contribute to the consumer’s convenience; therefore, the group decided to do a research about a material that can help in improving the structure’s response to the available environment, thus, making it a better place for living.

As an innovative approach, the Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) will be used as the wall system of the structure. The material is found to be suitable to address some of problems encountered.

Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) is made up of expanded polystyrene (EPS). Expanded polystyrene is a rigid cellular plastic, which is found in multitude of shapes and applications. In application to the structural design, the material can be utilized because of its high strength characteristic and the convenience for living it can contribute being a good insulator and sound reducer.

In addition, to model and design the concept of the proposed structure, the following software will be used.

MS Project This program will help in modelling the schedule of construction activities throughout the construction process.

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AutoCAD This program will help in modelling and laying out of the plan and specification of the project. This includes the architectural and structural plan.

STAADPro This program will help in designing all the structural members.

1.6 DESIGN NORMS CONSIDERED

One of the design norms considered is the nearness of the project to a creek that causes the soil to be vulnerable from earthquake and foundation failure. Through such conditions, the project is to be designed with foundation that is appropriate for the soil type and weight of the structure.

1.7. RESEARCH COMPONENT

The group will study the practicability of using Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) in a 4storey residential building and the difference it can make in the behavior of the structure. Furthermore, the group will evaluate the other advantages and disadvantages of using ICF in a structure. The soil property of the location is also a concern; the group will find the proper foundation design that will avoid damaging the foundations of the houses existing on both sides of the proposed structure without sacrificing the safety of the structure.

1.8. DESIGN COMPONENT

The design component will cover the design of the superstructure and substructure. Superstructure will include the design of structural members which are the roof truss, slabs, columns, beams and walls; while the substructure is composed of the foundation. The design of

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the project will be referred to the NSCP (National Structural Code of the Philippines) 2010, 6th Edition, Volume 2 for the loadings of the structure and other specification needed. In addition, the design of structure using Insulated Concrete Form will be incorporated.

Potential Design Alternative: If the design will not be feasible due to the ICF’s cost, the group will propose to the owner to consider the use of ICF but only for interior walls that prioritize the walls that will cover the rooms. This will help reduce the cost.

1.9. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT The use of Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) Wall System provides a lightweight, fire resistant, energy efficient, pest and soundproof wall for comfortable indoor environment. Even though ICF has these advantages, this kind of wall system doesn’t compromise the health of the environment. ICF discourages the use of plywood as formwork, thus encourages the manufacturers to reduce its production which comes from huge trees. When plywood production is reduced, many lumbers or trees will be saved which is helpful to LOCAL environment.

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CHAPTER 2

ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT 2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1.1 PROJECT RATIONALE The project intends to design a four storey residential building with mezzanine with the use of Insulated Concrete Forms. The use of this lightweight material in the construction is costeffective with the strength, comfort and energy efficiency required by the building owner. The time consumed upon finishing the project will be minimized. Furthermore, the environmental sustainability of the project is considered. The use of this material is environmental friendly before and after the construction.

2.1.2 PROJECT LOCATION Location:

1159H

Soler

Interior

St.,

Brgy.

294

Binondo,

Manila

Fig. 1 Satellite View of Site Location

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Fig. 2 Location Map

Fig. 3 Site Condition

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2.1.3 PROJECT INFORMATION The project is a four-storey residential building with mezzanine located at 1159H Soler Interior St., Brgy 294, Binondo, Manila. The ground level will involve carport for the resident’s/guest’s car and includes toilet & bath and utility room. It will also be elevated to 450 centimeters from the street level. The mezzanine floor has 2 storage rooms at the rear part of the space. The second to fourth floors are typical floors with opening from the top for air circulation. The roof has two directions for water fall and carrying an elevated water tank. 2.1.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES The project can be made possible through the four phases namely pre-construction phase/pre -operational phase, construction phase, operational phase, and abandonment phase. 2.1.4.1 Pre-Construction/Pre-Operational Phase The pre-construction phase

or pre-operational phase is critical to the ultimate

performance of the work. Pre-construction phase determines the time frame, costs, procedures, as well as other logistical problems and conceptual preparations. The pre-construction phase includes the following: * Site Survey * Formulation of detailed engineering design * Permit Review Meeting * Preliminary Schedule Formulation * Conceptual Budget Formulation * Value Engineering

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* Final Budget Formulation * Scheduling

2.1.4.2 Construction Phase

Site Work At this point, the project site is being cleared for the construction. This includes the grading and excavation. Temporary facilities are installed. Foundation Earthworks such as filling are done to remedy the soil in which the structure will be erected. Foundations are now formed. Superstructure This involves the construction of the upper structure that is visible to the eye. The structural skeleton of the building such as beams, columns and bracings are formed on top of the foundation. The remaining elements are then constructed before the finishing. 2.1.4.3 Operational Phase The operational phase starts by the time the structure is completely finished including its electrical, water and sewer system. In this phase, every part of the building is tested in order to ensure that the construction had been done efficiently. The operation and maintenance of the facilities are also included in this phase. 2.1.4.4 Abandonment Phase

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It is the last phase of the project. The final assessment of the full performance of the building, the quality check and review of all operating facilities as well as the enhancement and improvement of any defects or problems from the previous phase is included in this phase. All the excess materials used in the construction will now be pulled out. This is the phase when the contractors can already let go of the project and leave the rest to the beneficiary.

2.2

DESCRIPTION

OF

ENVIRONMENTAL

SETTING

AND

RECEIVING

ENVIRONMENT

2.2.1 Physical Environment

The proposed four-storey residential building with mezzanine is to be built in Brgy.294, Binondo, Manila. The site is located in between two residential buildings. The alley can only occupy a single vehicle. The vicinity is a residential area but it is surrounded by several establishments such as grocery stores, banks, malls, etc.

2.2.2 Biological Environment The location of the proposed project is near a river. The vicinity is surrounded by some high rise buildings that are for commercial purposes. There are not much of animals in the location. 2.2.3 Socio-Cultural, Economic and Political Environment The effect of this project to the socio-cultural, economic and political environment of the area is almost insignificant because a single residential building and its resident will not greatly affect its surrounding. 2.2.4 Future Environmental Conditions without the Project

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Without the construction of this project, the area will remain as what it is before, a residential building.

2.3 Impact Assessment and Mitigation 2.3.1 Summary Matrix of Predicted Environmental Issues/Impacts and their Level of Significance at Various Stages of Development

Predicted Environmental

Operational

Phase

Impact

Air Quality

Physical

Construction

Noise

Moderate

Phase

Minimal

Moderate

Minimal

And Environment al

Biological Solid Waste

Minimal

Minimal

Water Quality

Moderate

Minimal

Effects

Impact

Employment

Moderate

Minimal

SocioEconomic T raffic Impact

Minimal

Mini mal

Table 1.0 Summary Matrix of Predicted Environmental Issues/Impacts and their Level of Significance at Various Stages of Development 2.3.2 Brief Discussion of Specific Significant Impacts on the Physical and Biological Resources The predicted environmental issues for physical and biological effects are: air quality, noise, solid waste and water quality. For socio-economic effects, these are: employment and traffic. One of the common problems in construction is the air quality because of dusts and debris. It will affect the quality of air around the area during the construction. The

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neighbors will be moderately affected since they are very close to each other. Also, the project’s noise level will moderately affect the nearby area of the construction. The contractor should provide necessary procedures to lessen the noise. Another one is the excess of materials will be lessened because of the use of ICFs. The excess formworks will be minimized, thus, it will greatly affect the quantity of wastes to be disposed. The water quality in the area will be in minimal effect. Since the project is a residential building, it will not greatly affect the nearby areas with the quality of their water.

2.3.3 Brief Discussion of Significant Socio-economic Effects/Impacts of the Project The predicted environmental issues for socio-economic effects are: employment and traffic. The construction phase of the project will contribute in the employment such as contractual job opening for the laborer. It will provide jobs even though it is only for a short period of time. The project will not have heavy contributions in business within the vicinity since i...