Discussion Q and A 1 PDF

Preview

Summary

Discussion Q and A 1...

Description

Discussion Q and A 1 (Biology) Forum 1. Genetic principles are the rules or requirements governing the biological phenomenon of heredity, the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring through information encoded biochemically using DNA, in units knows as genes. The 4 genetic principles are: -

Dominant-Recessive: this is where one gene in the pair shows or expresses itself. It is the dominant gene and it overrides the recessive gene. An example would be a child born with brown eyes when the parents have brown and blue eyes, but both have a dominant brown eye gene and one parent has a recessive blue eye gene. The dominant gene will override the recessive gene unless the child were to inherit 2 recessive genes then the recessive gene would show.

-

Sex-Linked: This is when an x chromosome carries a mutated gene and affects a male. Since males only have one x chromosome they don't have a backup to use and can develop an x-linked disease. An example would be hemophilia.

-

Genetic Imprinting: This principle is different in how it affects a person depending on whether it was inherited from the mother or the father. There's a chemical process involves that will silence one of the genes in a pair and an example of this could be a growth disorder.

-

Polygenic inheritance: This is when many genes (not just one or a pair) interact together to determine a certain function, feature, etc. Some examples are the size you grow to or the disease you may end up having some time during your life.

2. Habituation is the term described as being less responsive to or stimulated by a stimulus after repeatedly being exposed to the said stimulus. An example is when you start drinking coffee and you get full of energy until months or years later it no longer gives you the same amount of energy. Another example is moving to a location close to an airport and hearing the loud noise of airplanes constantly taking off. Then, after months you realize that you don't hear the airplanes anymore or if you do it's only once in a while....