DNA Viruses + Sketchy PDF

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summary of dna viruses...

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DNA Viruses Adenovirus – “A Den-O Lions”  Naked linear dsDNA virus o Targets mucosal cells via binding to hemagglutinin  Transmission via respiratory droplets or direct contact or fecal-oral – common in children, military barracks, and people who frequent public pools  Disease includes hemorrhagic cystitis, tonsillitis, and viral conjunctivitis – #1 cause of tonsillitis  Treatment via live attenuated vaccine only for military recruits Papilloma virus – “Pilloma Bugs”  Naked dsDNA virus o HPV encodes E6, 7 which promotes the proteolysis of p53 and RB (tumor suppressors: G1S phase checkpoint and retinoblastoma protein), resp.  Transmission o HPV 1-4 is transmitted via direct contact o HPV 6, 11 is transmitted via vaginal birth for respiratory side effects and via sexual intercourse for anogenital warts o HPV 16, 18, 31, 33 is transmitted via sexual intercourse  Disease o HPV 1-4 is characterized by verruca vulgaris or cutaneous common warts o HPV 6, 11 is characterized by laryngeal papillomatosis or recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and condyloma acuminate or anogenital warts o HPV 16, 18, 31, 33 is characterized by anogenital squamous cell cancer including cervical and penile  Treatment o Prophylaxis via condoms or abstinence or vaccination (Gardasil is effective against HPV 6, 11, 16, 18) o Screening via pap smear showing koilocytes (blue sunny-side up eggs)  Other facts o Most common STD o Buzzword: post-coideal bleeding Polyomavirus JC and BK – “Et Tu, BK?”  Naked circular dsDNA virus o Virus may reside in the kidney and remain latent until a patient becomes immunocompromised  Transmission via respiratory exposure most likely during childhood  Disease o JC virus is characterized by progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) or a demyelinating disease seen as non-enhancing multifocal brain lesions o BK virus is characterized by fever and nephropathy including hemorrhagic cystitis  Other facts o JC virus targets people that are immunosuppressed, specifically HIV patients with CD4+ AST o HBsAg = live HBV and patient is infected o Anti-HBsAG = patient is immune o HBcAg = confirms HBV infection, recency can be determined by presence or absence of IgM vs. IgG o HBeAg = high viral activity and infectivity o Anti-HBeAg = lower viral activity and infectivity o

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Hepatitis D  Enveloped (-) circular RNA virus that cannot cause any disease without the presence of Hepatitis B – specifically requires the surface antigen (HbSAg) to become infectious. There are two types of infections: co-infection and superinfection....