Drugs study mechanism and side effects PDF

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Drugs study mechanism and side effects drugs and nursing intervention aaffasgsvdvdsgdfhfgnfgbfgjhjhjgnb...

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DRUG CLASSIFICATION GENERIC NAME: Paracetamol

DOSE/ROUTE/ FREQUENCY 100 mL/IV/ q 4

BRAND NAME: Ifimol IV

CLASSIFICATION: Antipyretic and analgesic GENERIC NAME: Ibuprofen

400 mg /IV/ q 6

BRAND NAME: Neoprofen

DRUG CLASSIFICATION: Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)

GENERIC NAME Penicillin G

BRAND NAME: Benzylpenicillin

CLASSIFICATION: Anti-biotic

500,000 units/IV/q6

MECHANISM OF ACTION Paracetamol has a central analgesic effect that is mediated through activation of descending serotonergic pathways. Debate exists about its primary site of action, which may be inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis or through an active metabolite influencing cannabinoid receptors.

This drug blocks activity of cyclooxygenase, the enzyme needed to synthesize prostaglandins, which mediate inflammatory response and cause local pain, swelling, and vasodilation. By inhibiting prostaglandins, this NSAID reduces inflammatory symptoms and relieves pain. Ibuprofen’s antipyretic action probably stems from its effect on the hypothalamus, which increases peripheral blood flow, causing vasodilation and encouraging heat dissipation. Penicillin kills bacteria through binding of the beta-lactam ring to DD-transpeptidase, inhibiting its cross-linking activity and preventing new cell wall formation. Without a cell wall, a bacterial cell is vulnerable to outside water and molecular pressures, which causes the cell to quickly die.

SIDE EFFECTS    

nausea vomiting constipation injection site pain

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Dizziness Drowsiness Nausea Constipation

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injection site reactions (pain, redness, swelling, bruising, or irritation), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

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NURSING RESPONSIBILITY 1. Check the patency before doing warm compress into the injection site. 2. Increased fluid intake. 3. Food with high fiber. 4. Encourage small food intake

1. Instruct the child do gradual movement after taking the medication. 2. Increased fluid intake 3. Food with high fiber 4. Encourage small food intake

1. Asses allergic reaction 2. Check the patency before doing warm compress into the injection site. 3. Encourage small food intake 4. Increased fluid intake

GENERIC NAME: Hydrocortisone

400mg/IV/q4

BRAND NAME: Solucortef CLASSIFICATIOM Corticosteroids

IVF D5LRS

Hydrocortisone binds to the glucocorticoid receptor leading to downstream effects such as inhibition of phospholipase A2, NFkappa B, other inflammatory transcription factors, and the promotion of anti-inflammatory genes.

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headache dizziness skin depressions at the injection site

AMOUNT

INFUSION RATE

PURPOSE

1L X 8 hrs

125mL/hr

Normal Saline is a prescription medicine used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment for intravenous administration. Normal Saline may be used alone or with other medications. Normal Saline belongs to a class of drugs called Crystalloid Fluid.

1. Provide comfort measures such as repositioning the client in a comfortable position and providing hot or cold compress. 2. Maintain a calm and quite environment. 3. Teach the patient to move slowly, like sitting up slowly and taking a few minutes before standing up. 4. Instruct client to report pain at injection site.

NURSING RESPONSIBILTY 1. Monitor patient frequently 2. Check the level of the IVF 3. Correct solution, medication and volume 4. Check and regulate the drop rate 5. Change the IVF solution if needed 6. Do not connect flexible plastic...