Electrical installation guide According to IEC international standards PDF

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2015 Electrical installation guide According to IEC international standards Make the most of your energy Electrical installation guide Schneider Electric Industries SAS 35, rue Joseph Monier As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation of CS30323 the...

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2015

Electrical installation guide According to IEC international standards

Electrical installation guide

Make the most of your energy

Schneider Electric Industries SAS 35, rue Joseph Monier CS30323 F-92506 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex RCS Nanterre 954 503 439 Capital social 896 313 776 € www.schneider-electric.com EIGED306001EN ART.822690

As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation of the information given in this pubication. This document has been printed on ecological paper

01/2015

This guide has been written for electrical Engineers who have to design, select electrical equipment, install these equipment and, inspect or maintain low-voltage electrical installations in compliance with international Standards of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). “Which technical solution will guarantee that all relevant safety rules are met?” This question has been a permanent guideline for the elaboration of this document. An international Standard such as the IEC 60364 series “Low voltage Electrical Installations” specifies extensively the rules to comply with to ensure safety and correct operational functioning of all types of electrical installations. As the Standard must be extensive, and has to be applicable to all types of equipment and the technical solutions in use worldwide, the text of the IEC rules is complex, and not presented in a ready-to-use order. The Standard cannot therefore be considered as a working handbook, but only as a reference document. The aim of the present guide is to provide a clear, practical and stepby-step explanation for the complete study of an electrical installation, according to IEC 60364 series and other relevant IEC Standards. The first chapter (A) presents the methodology to be used, and refers to all chapters of the guide according to the different steps of the study. We all hope that you, the reader, will find this handbook genuinely helpful. Schneider Electric S.A.

This technical guide is the result of a collective effort. Responsible for the coordination of this edition: Laurent MISCHLER

The Electrical Installation Guide is a single document covering the techniques and standards related to low-voltage electrical installations. It is intended for electrical professionals in companies, design offices, inspection organisations, etc.

Edition: 2015

This Technical Guide is aimed at professional users and is only intended to provide them guidelines for the definition of an industrial, tertiary or domestic electrical installation. Information and guidelines contained in this Guide are provided AS IS. Schneider Electric makes no warranty of any kind, whether express or implied, such as but not limited to the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this Guide, nor represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. The purpose of this guide is to facilitate the implementation of International installation standards for designers & contractors, but in all cases the original text of International or local standards in force shall prevail.

Price: 60 � ISBN: 978.2.9531643.3.6 N° dépôt légal: 1er semestre 2008 © Schneider Electric All rights reserved in all countries

This new edition has been published to take into account changes in techniques, standards and regulations, in particular electrical installation standard IEC 60364 series. We thank all the readers of the previous edition of this guide for their comments that have helped improve the current edition. We also thank the many people and organisations, too numerous to name here, who have contributed in one way or another to the preparation of this guide.

Acknowlegements This guide has been realized by a team of experienced international experts, on the base of IEC 60364 series of standard, and include the latest developments in electrical standardization. We shall mention particularly the following experts and their area of expertise: Chapter Christian

Collombet

Bernard

Jover

Jacques

Schonek

D, G R D, G, L, M, N

Didier

Fulchiron

B

Jean-Marc

Biasse

B

Didier

Mignardot

J, P

Eric

Bettega

E

Pascal

Lepretre

E

Emmanuel

Genevray

E, P

Eric

Breuillé

Didier

Segura

F

Fleur

Janet

K

Franck

Mégret

G

Geoffroy

De-Labrouhe

K

F

Jean Marc

Lupin

L, M

Daniel

Barstz

N

Hervé

Lambert

N, A

Jérome

Lecomte

H

Matthieu

Guillot

Jean-François Rey

F, H, P F

Tools for more efficiency in electrical installation design

Electrical installation Wiki The Electrical Installation Guide is also available on-line as a wiki in 4 languages:

English

> in English > in Russian > in Chinese > in German

electrical-installation.org ru.electrical-installation.org cn.electrical-installation.org de.electrical-installation.org

Our experts constantly contribute to its evolution. Industry and academic professionals can collaborate too!

Russian

Chinese

German

Power Management Blog In the Schneider Electric blog, you will find the best tips about standards, tools, software, safety and latest technical news shared by our experts. You will find even more information about innovations and business opportunities. This is your place to leave us your comments and to engage discussion about your expertise. You might want to sharewith your Twitter or LinkedIn followers.

> blog.schneider-electric.com/power-management-metering-monitoring-power-quality

Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2015

Online Electrical calculation Tools

Online tools

A set of tools designed to help you: ppdisplay on one chart the time-current cuves of different circuit-breakers or fuses ppcheck the discrimination between two circuit-breakers or fuses, or two Residual Current devices (RCD), search all the circuit-breakers or fuses that can be selective/cascading with a defined circuit-breaker or fuse ppcalculate the Cross Section Area of cables and build a cable schedule ppcalculate the voltage drop of a defined cable and check the maximum length > hto.power.schneider-electric.com

Ecodial Advanced Calculation 4 The new Ecodial Advanced Calculation 4 software is dedicated to electrical installation calculation in accordance with IEC60364 international standard or national standards. This 4th generation offers new features like: ppmanagement of operating mode (parallel transformers, back-up generators…) ppdiscrimination analysis associating curves checking and discrimination tables, direct access to protection settings

Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2015

Electrical installation guide 2015

Foreword Etienne TISON, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) TC64 Chairman. The task of the IEC Technical Committee 64 is to develop and keep up-todate requirements - for the protection of persons against electrical shock, and - for the design, verification and implementation of low voltage electrical installations. Series of standard such as IEC 60364 developed by IEC TC64 is considered by the international community as the basis of the majority of national low-voltage wiring rules. IEC 60364 series is mainly focussed on safety due the use of electricity by people who may not be aware of risk resulting from the use of electricity. But modern electrical installations are increasingly complex, due to external input such as - electromagnetic disturbances - energy efficiency - ... Consequently, designers, installers and consumers need guidance on the selection and installation of electrical equipment. Schneider Electric has developed this Electrical Installation Guide dedicated to low voltage electrical installations. It is based on IEC TC64 standards such as IEC 60364 series and provides additional information in order to help designers, contractors and controllers for implementing correct low-voltage electrical installations. As TC64 Chairman, it is my great pleasure and honour to introduce this guide. I am sure it will be used fruitfully by all persons involved in the implementation of all low-voltage electrical installations.

Etienne TISON has been working with Schneider Electric since 1978. He has been always involved is various activities in low voltage field. In 2008, Etienne TISON has been appointed Chairman of IEC TC64 as well as Chairman of CENELEC TC64.

Etienne TISON

General rules of electrical installation design

A

Connection to the MV utility distribution network

B

Connection to the LV utility distribution network

C

MV & LV architecture selection guide for buildings

D

LV Distribution

E

Protection against electric shocks and electric fires

F

Sizing and protection of conductors

G

LV switchgear: functions & selection

H

Overvoltage protection

J

Energy efficiency in electrical distribution

K

Power Factor Correction

L

Harmonic management

M

Characteristics of particular sources and loads

N

Photovoltaic installations

P

Residential and other special locations

Q

EMC guidelines

R

General contents

A B

General rules of electrical installation design 1 2 3 4

Methodology Rules and statutory regulations Installed power loads - Characteristics Power loading of an installation

A2 A5 A11 A17

Connection to the MV utility distribution network 1 Power supply at medium voltage 2 Procedure for the establishment of a new substation 3 Protection against electrical hazards, faults and miss operations in electrical installations 4 The consumer substation with LV metering 5 The consumer substation with MV metering 6 Choice and use of MV equipment and MV/LV transformer

B2 B10 B12 B23 B26 B29

7 Substation including generators and parallel operation of transformers B38 8 Types and constitution of MV/LV distribution substations

C D

B41

Connection to the LV utility distribution network 1 Low-voltage utility distribution networks 2 Tariffs and metering

C2 C16

MV & LV architecture selection guide for buildings 1 Stakes of architecture design 2 Simplified architecture design process 3 Electrical installation characteristics 4 Technological characteristics 5 Architecture assessment criteria 6 Choice of architecture fundamentals 7 Choice of architecture details 8 Choice of equiment 9 Recommendations for architecture optimization 10 Glossary 11 Example: electrical installation in a printworks

E

LV Distribution

F

Protection against electric shocks and electric fire

G

Sizing and protection of conductors

1 Earthing schemes 2 The installation system 3 External influences 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

General Protection against direct contact Protection against indirect contact Protection of goods due to insulation fault Implementation of the TT system Implementation of the TN system Implementation of the IT system Residual current devices RCDs Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDD)

D3 D4 D7 D11 D12 D14 D18 D25 D26 D30 D31 E2 E15 E34 F2 F4 F6 F17 F19 F23 F29 F36 F43

1 General 2 Practical method for determining the smallest allowable cross-sectional area of circuit conductors 3 Determination of voltage drop 4 Short-circuit current 5 Particular cases of short-circuit current 6 Protective earthing conductor (PE) 7 The neutral conductor

G2 G7

8 Worked example of cable calculation

G45

Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2015

G19 G23 G29 G36 G41

General contents

H

LV switchgear: functions & selection 1 2 3 4

The basic functions of LV switchgear The switchgear Choice of switchgear Circuit breaker

H2 H5 H10 H11

5 Maintenance of low voltage switchgear

H32

J

Overvoltage protection

K

Energy Efficiency in electrical distribution

L

Power Factor Correction

M

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5

Overvoltage of atmospheric origin Principle of lightning protection Design of the electrical installation protection system Installation of SPDs Application Technical supplements Energy Efficiency in brief Energy efficiency and electricity Diagnosis through electrical measurement Energy saving opportunities How to evaluate energy savings

1 Power factor and Reactive power 2 Why to improve the power factor? 3 How to improve the power factor? 4 Where to install power correction capacitors? 5 How to determine the optimum level of compensation? 6 Compensation at the terminals of a transformer 7 Power factor correction of induction motors 8 Example of an installation before and after power-factor correction 9 The effects of harmonics 10 Implementation of capacitor banks

J2 J7 J13 J24 J28 J32 K2 K3 K6 K8 K23 L2 L6 L8 L11 L13 L16 L19 L21 L22 L26

Harmonic management 1 The problem: why is it necessary to manage harmonics? 2 Definition and origin of harmonics 3 Essential indicators of harmonic distortion and measurement principles 4 Harmonic measurement in electrical networks 5 Main effects of hamronis in electrical installations 6 Standards 7 Solutions to mitigate harmonics

N

Characteristics of particular sources and loads

P

Photovoltaic installations

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

Protection of a LV generator set and the downstream circuits Uninterruptible Power Supply Units (UPS) Protection of LV/LV transformers Lighting circuits Asynchronous motors Benefits of photovoltaic energy Background and technology PV System and Installation Rules PV installation architectures Monitoring

Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2015

M2 M3 M7 M10 M13 M20 M21 N2 N11 N24 N27 N55 P2 P3 P10 P18 P31

General contents

Q

Residential and other special locations

R

EMC guidelines

1 Residential and similar premises 2 Bathrooms and showers 3 Recommendations applicable to special installations and locations 1 2 3 4 5

Electrical distribution Earthing principles and structures Implementation Coupling mechanisms and counter-measures Wiring recommendations

Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2015

Q2 Q8 Q12 R2 R3 R5 R20 R26

Chapter A General rules of electrical installation design

3 4

Contents Methodology

A2

Rules and statutory regulations

A5

2.1 Definition of voltage ranges 2.2 Regulations 2.3 Standards 2.4 Quality and safety of an electrical installation 2.5 Initial testing of an installation 2.6 Put in out of danger the existing electrical installations 2.7 Periodic check-testing of an installation 2.8 Conformity assessement (with standards and specifications) of equipment used in the installation 2.9 Environment

A5 A6 A6 A7 A8 A8 A9

Installed power loads - Characteristics

A11

3.1 Induction motors 3.2 Resistive-type heating appliances and incandescent lamps (conventional or halogen) 3.3 Fluorescent lamps 3.4 Discharge lamps

A11

3.5 LED lamps & fixtures

A16

Power loading of an installation

A17

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

A17 A17 A18 A21 A22 A23

Installed power (kW) Installed apparent power (kVA) Estimation of actual maximum kVA demand Example of application of factors ku and ks Choice of transformer rating Choice of power-supply sources

A9 A10

A13 A14 A15

© Schneider Electric - all rights reserved

1 2

A1

Schneider Electric - Electrical installation guide 2015

1 Methodology

A - General rules of electrical installation design

A2

For the best results in electrical installation design it is recommended to read and to use all the chapters of this guide in the order in which they are presented.

A - General rules of electrical installation design

Rules and statutory regulations

© Schneider Electric - all rights reserved

Range of low-voltage extends from 0 V to 1000 V in a.c. and from 0 V to 1500 V in d.c. One of the first decision id the selection of type of current between the alternative current which corresponds to the most common type of current through out the world and the direct current. Then designers have to select the most appropriate rated voltage within these ranges of voltages. When connected to a LV public network, the type of current and the rated voltage are already selected and imposed by the Utility. Compliance with national regulations is then the second priority of the designers of electrical installation. Regulations may be based on national or international standards such as the IEC 60364 series. Selection of equipment complying with national or international product standards and appropriate verification of the completed installation is a powerful mean for providing a safe installation with the expected quality. Defining and complying with the verification and testing of the electrical installation at its completion as well as periodic time will guarantee the safety and the quality of this installation all along its life cycle. Conformity of equipment according to the appropriate product standards used within the installation is also of prime importance for the level of safety and quality. Environmental conditions will become more and more stringent and will need to be considered at the design stage of the installation. This may include national or regional regulations considering the material used in the equipment as well as the dismantling of the installation at its end of life.

A§3 - Installed power loads - Characteristics A§4 - Power loading of an installation

Installed power loads - Characteristics

B - Connection to the MV utility distribution network

Connection to the MV public distribution network

C - Connection to the LV utility distribution network

Connection to the LV utility distribution network

D - MV & LV architecture selection guide

MV & LV architecture selection guide

A review of all applications needing to be supplied with electricity is to be done. Any possible extensions or modifications during the whole life of the electrical installation are to be considered...