English Advanced and Extension Visual/Literary Techniques Comprehensive List PDF

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Summary

A list of NESA-defined visual and literary techniques used in both english advanced and extension. May also be useful for english standard....

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Visual/Literary Techniques English Advanced and Eension Glossary of Key Literary/Language Terms Allegory: ● Form of extended metaphor in which the events, objects and persons in a narrative present moral qualities/abstract ideas. Alliteration: ● The repetition of identical consonant sounds, usually at the beginning of words. Allusion: ● Reference to a person, place, event or another text that the reader is expected to be familiar with. Analogy: ● Comparison between two things to show similarities between them. Analogy explains something unfamiliar by comparing it to something familiar. Anecdote: ● Short account of a true event in someone’s life. Antagonist: ● Force that opposes the central character/protagonist. Assonance: ● Repetition of similar vowel sounds in a line of poetry. Atmosphere: ● Overall feeling of a piece of writing. Black Comedy: ● Humorous drawing or story with a cynical view of the world. Reveals disillusionment with society, institutions or people.

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Characterisation: ● Development of a character through what they say and do through what other characters say about her/him. Cliche: ● Expressions that have lost meaningfulness through overuse. Climax: ● Moment of greatest dramatic intensity, turning point in action, usually followed by a decrease in suspension. Colloquial Language: ● Everyday language we use in our conversation, conflict: the struggle between two opposing forces, ideas or beliefs used in the basis of the plot. Connotation: ● Suggested/implied meaning. Denouement: ● The ‘working-out’ of the plot, following the climax. Dialogue: ● Conversation between two of more actors in a text. Dramatic Purpose: ● Purpose which a character, incident or particular line serves in furthering the action of the text, creating suspense/increasing the emotional effect, contributing to the humour to reveal character. Epigram: ● Short, witty saying that has a satirical/ironic meaning. Figurative Language: ● Language that is not meant to be taken literally. Figure of speech: ● Specific device or figurative language, such as simile or metaphor.

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Foreshadowing: ● Dropping hints/suggestions that lead the reader/audience to anticipate subsequent events or situations. Hyperbole: ● Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally. Idiom: ● Forms of expression peculiar to a language or culture. Imagery: ● Words or phrases that evoke sensory images in the reader’s mind. Interior Monologue: ● Internal speech by a single speaker provided by the narrator to explain characters’ personalities or to reveal their thoughts. Irony: ● Mode of expression in which the intended meaning of the word used is the opposite of the literal/usual meaning: contrast or difference between appearance with reality. Metaphor: ● Figure of speech that compares one thing with another, seemingly different thing. Metonymy: ● Use of one word for another that it is associated with. Monologue: ● Long speech of one character in a play. Mood: ● Frame of mind or state of feeling created by the setting, dialogue or particular situation or sequence of events. Onomatopoeia: ● Use of words with sounds that imitate/suggest their meaning. Parody: ● Humorous limitation of another, usually serious.

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Personification: ● Giving of human qualities to non-living objects. Plot: ● Series of events that make up the action of the text. Point of view: ● Relationship of the storyteller to the story in first person point of view told by one of the characters. Protagonist: ● Opposing force in the conflict most responsible for bringing the end: usually the central/leading character. Rhetorical Question: ● Question that is asked for its dramatic effect for which no answer is expected. Satire: ● Use of irony, sarcasm or ridicule to expose, denounce or poke fun. Setting: ● Time and place in which the events of the text occur. Simile: ● Comparison of two images which are essentially different that are alike in at least one respect. Style: ● Distinctive manner in which the writer uses language: choice and arrangement of words. Symbol: ● When one person, object or situation represents something in addition to its literal meaning. Theme: ● Idea or view of life conveyed or dramatised through a text. Tone: ● Feeling conveyed by a writer which reveals their attitude towards the subject.

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