ENV303 Unit Guide PDF

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ENV303 Geographic Information Systems for Environmental Management

Unit Information and Learning Guide

Semester 2 2019 This information should be read in conjunction with the online learning materials which can be found on your MyUnits page.

Unit coordinators: Dr Halina T. Kobryn and Dr Margaret E. Andrew Environmental and Conservation Sciences

© Published by Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, July 2019 This publication is copyright. Except as permitted by the Copyright Act no part of it may in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or any other means be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be broadcast or transmitted without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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Content Information about the unit ....................................................................................................... 5 Resources for this unit ............................................................................................................ 8 Lecture, Study and Practical Schedule ......................................................................................10 Assessment ..............................................................................................................................11 Learning Guide ..................................................................................................................... 19 General Comments on Reading Material .............................................................................. 19 WEEK 1 INTRODUCTION TO GIS................................................................................ 24 WEEK 2A DATA FORMATS AND TYPES ....................................................................... 25 WEEK 2B SPATIAL DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS................................................................ 26 WEEK 3 INTRODUCTION TO REMOTE SENSING ...................................................... 27 WEEK 4 REMOTE SENSING DATA PRE-PROCESSING, IMAGE TRANSFORMATIONS, VEGETATION INDICES, AND IMAGE CLASSIFICATION .............................. 28 WEEK 6A COORDINATE SYSTEMS, SHAPE OF THE EARTH, GEOREFERENCING .. 30 WEEK 6B DATABASES/CENSUS DATA ........................................................................ 31 WEEK 7A DATA INTERPOLATION, DEM ....................................................................... 32 WEEK 7B DEALING WITH UNCERTAINTY, SOURCES OF ERROR IN GIS ................. 33 WEEK 8A PAIRWISE CHANGE DETECTION ................................................................. 34 WEEK 8B TIME SERIES REMOTE SENSING ................................................................ 35 WEEK 9 MULTIPLE CRITERIA EVALUATION.............................................................. 37 WEEK 11 REMOTE SENSING FOR LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY ...................................... 38 WEEK 12 REMOTE SENSING OF AQUATIC SYSTEMS ............................................... 39 WEEK 13A CASE STUDY: MONITORING INVASIVE SPECIES....................................... 40 WEEK 13B HOW TO GET DATA, MAKING A MAP, MOBILE GIS, WEB-BASED GIS ...... 41 WEEK 14A BEYOND OPTICAL REMOTE SENSING AND PIXEL-BASED ANALYSES.... 42 WEEK 14B SOFTWARE OPTIONS, OVERVIEW.............................................................. 43 Process for acquiring a limited 1-year, stand-alone student copy of TERRSET ................... 44

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Information about the unit Welcome to ENV303, Geographic Information Systems for Environmental Management Unit description This unit provides a practical introduction to geographical information systems and remote sensing, with emphasis on environmental applications.

Prerequisites There are no set prerequisites.

Aims of the unit 1. Provide you with sufficient GIS/remote sensing background to begin using these tools in independent research or as part of your employed work. 2. Set you up to teach yourself additional skills, as required, in GIS or remote sensing projects in which you may be involved.

Learning outcomes for the unit On successful completion of the unit you should be able to: 1. Have an operational familiarity with GIS and remote sensing having received instruction in the underlying theory and worked through several example exercises. 2. Use your skill and understanding of the subject to undertake modest projects using GIS and remote sensing.

Graduate attributes developed in the unit This unit will contribute to the development of the following Graduate Attributes. • Communication • Critical and creative thinking • Independent and lifelong learning • Ethics • Interdisciplinarity • In-depth knowledge of a field of study This unit was originally written by Dr Halina T. Kobryn and Ross Lantzke, 2002 Revised by Dr Halina T. Kobryn and Dr Margaret Andrew, July 2019.

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Contact details Unit Coordinators’ contact details Your coordinators for ENV303 are Dr Halina Kobryn and Dr Margaret Andrew. Contact details for Dr Halina Kobryn Email: [email protected] Room: Room 340.3.34 (Physical Sciences Bldg) Contact details for Dr Margaret Andrew Email: [email protected] Room: Room 340.3.42 (Physical Sciences Bldg) Administrative contact details In case we are unavailable, either email us or contact VLS administrative staff on 9360 6843. Technical help For technical difficulties with computer labs, login etc., contact the IT Service Desk: [email protected] or phone 9360 2000

For difficulties with the unit website content, not access, of online materials please contact unit coordinators.

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How to study this unit Given the learning objectives it is important that you work steadily on the laboratory exercises as well as keep up with the lectures and the reading material. These dovetail together. Initially, there is a lot to learn about the GIS and remote sensing terminology, concepts and the software. A firm grasp of the basics is necessary before you can progress to the application of processes to new and more comprehensive data sets. It is therefore essential that you be disciplined to work on the lab exercises as scheduled, as well as attend or, in the case of external students, listen to the lectures. Any essential readings in the Learning Guide at the end of this booklet are important to keep up with too.

Contact time Weekly there are 2 lectures (11.30am-1.30pm on Friday) and for internal students 3 hours of practical sessions (2.30-5.30pm on Friday). External students should keep up with lectures through the unit website link and should complete the set practical exercises following the study schedule.

Time commitment As this is a 3 credit point unit, we expect you to spend on average 10 hours per week for the total weeks of this teaching period (or 150 hours overall) working on this unit. What is important in this unit is a steady effort every week as catching up on two or more weeks of missed classes is extremely difficult.

Attendance requirements •

•

Internal students: Attendance at the lectures and at the weekly laboratory sessions is highly recommended as our capacity to assist you with computer-based exercises outside the set classes is very limited. External students: It is highly recommended that you listen to and watch the weekly lectures, follow the weekly lab timetable and get involved in the discussion forum on the unit website.

Unit changes in response to student feedback We update the unit materials every year to reflect the latest changes in the scientific literature as well as in the applications through activities of various agencies. We also take your feedback seriously and have made a number of changes based on past student surveys, such as streamlining the lab manual and including a broader range of case studies. Your constructive feedback on the unit materials and lectures is very welcome. After exercise 8 in the lab manual, we have added some examples of the types of questions students may be asked in the practical test. We have also added more pre-lab type videos which cover most of the key steps and concepts. We welcome suggestions on how to improve all our teaching materials and a range of data sets and applications used during semester.

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Resources for this unit To undertake study in this unit, you will need: Software: The latest TerrSet GIS and image processing software. This is available in the Loneragan Bldg computer labs (235.3.032 and 235.3.034) on Murdoch campus for internal students who sit the practical sessions. External students are also welcome to come on campus and to use the computer lab software. Internal and external students wishing to use the GIS software outside of the computer labs will need to acquire a student license copy of the above-mentioned TerrSet software. Because Murdoch University has a site license for TerrSet, students can acquire a one-year timed license for the full software including full electronic documentation at no cost. Details of how to acquire the software are set out on the last page of this guide.

Readings: A number of essential and recommended readings have been assembled to underpin the material presented in lectures and lab exercises. Many of these are available as e-reserves from the unit website or from the TerrSet documentation, with links found under the Help menu: • (1) TerrSet Manual: Guide to GIS and Image Processing, an excellent text (in pdf format) that relates directly to the exercises you are doing in class. • (2) TerrSet Tutorial: This is a set of files and an associated pdf document. Several of the exercises in your Laboratory Manual were derived from the tutorial set.

Other references: ENV303 Laboratory Manual is essential as the manual contains all the instructions necessary to complete the set practical exercises.

Recommended: Warner T.A. and Campagna D.J., 2013, Remote Sensing with IDRISI® Selva: A Beginner’s Guide, Geocarto International Centre, Hong Kong. (http://www.geocarto.com/feature-pub.html) or earlier version Warner T.A. and Campagna D.J., 2009, Remote Sensing with IDRISI® Taiga: A Beginner’s Guide, Geocarto International Centre, Hong Kong. (Copies on Reserve in Library).

Computing resources: Timetabled labs (the Loneragan Building computer rooms, 235.3.034 and 235.3.032) are the only computer laboratories on Murdoch campus that hold the TerrSet software required to complete the practical exercises. Both internal and external students are welcome to use these rooms. The Loneragan labs are available during the set laboratory time, and at other times for students provided that they are not being used for teaching. The open hours are 24hrs/7days. You will require your student card for after-hours access to the computer labs.

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Online resources: Library eReserve: http://library.murdoch.edu.au/# The following will be provided during the teaching period through the unit website: • • • • • • •

lecture slides lecture recordings digital data sets for exercises laboratory instructions/workbooks corrections (as needed) articles on eReserve electronic journal articles articles on the web

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Lecture, Study and Practical Schedule Week

Week 1 Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Lecture Fri: 11:30am–12:20pm 250.3.024 Veterinary Biological Sciences Lecture Theatre Introduction/Cartographic Models Halina Kobryn

Lecture Fri: 12:30–1:20pm 250.3.024 Veterinary Biological Sciences Lecture Theatre What is GIS?/Data Models Margaret Andrew

Data Formats and Types

Spatial Analysis Tools

Margaret Andrew

Halina Kobryn

Introduction to Remote Sensing

Introduction to Remote Sensing 2

Margaret Andrew Image Pre-processing and Transformations

Margaret Andrew

Margaret Andrew

Practical Fri: 2:30–5:30pm 235.3.032 & 235.3.034 (Loneragan Computer Labs)

Complete Ex 1 Complete Ex 2 and start Ex 3 Complete both Ex 3 and Ex 4 Unsupervised Classification (Ex 5) GIS1 assignment due Tue 20th Aug

Image Classification Margaret Andrew

Week 5 Non-teaching break Week 6

Week 7

Week 8

Week 9

Coordinate Systems/ Georeferencing Halina Kobryn

Halina Kobryn

Interpolation

Errors & Uncertainty

Halina Kobryn

Margaret Andrew

Change Detection - Pairwise

Change Detection - Time Series

Halina Kobryn

Margaret Andrew

Multiple Criteria Evaluation Margaret Andrew

Q&A Review Session / Practice for Practical Test Margaret Andrew & Halina Kobryn

Supervised Classification (Ex 6)

Databases

Week 10 - Non-teaching break Landscape Ecology Applications & case studies Margaret Andrew Guest lecturers Remote Sensing of Aquatic Week 12 Ningaloo Case Study Systems Halina Kobryn Halina Kobryn Monitoring Invasive Weed Species How to Get Data, Mobile GIS, Week 13 Case Study Making a Map Margaret Andrew Halina Kobryn Other Remote Sensing Instruments Week 14 Software Options and Applications Margaret Andrew Halina Kobryn Week 11

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Databases; raster-vector conversions (Ex 7) GIS2 assignment due Tue 10th Sep Pairwise Comparisons & Land Change Modeler (Ex 8) Practice for the test and project work GIS3 assignment due Tue 24th Sep Project proposals due Fri 27th Sep Practical test Fri 11th October Project work Project work

Project work Project due Mon 4th Nov

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Assessment Assessment for this unit is conducted in accordance with the Assessment Policy.

Schedule of assessment items To pass the unit you must achieve a minimum of 50% in the combined marks for in-semester assessment (application/practical) and a minimum of 50% in the final exam (theory). Details of the assessment: Assessment item Computer lab reports ( x 3) GIS 1 (10%) GIS 2 (10%) GIS 3 (10%) Practical test Project

Examination

Value

Due

Description

30%

10% 0%

20st Aug 10th Sep 24th Sep 11th Oct 27th Sep

Practical assignment based on the learning objectives of the practical exercises 2 hour open book practical test. 1. Proposal – written for feedback

20%

4th Nov

40%

Assessment period

2. PowerPoint file with written notes Closed book

Assessment details Computer lab reports (GIS1, GIS2 and GIS3) These are based on the exercises in the lab manual. Each exercise has a number of questions. We have transferred these questions to Word documents, so that you don't have to copy and paste the questions; all you have to do is answer them. The supportive Word documents are titled Exercise_1.doc through to Exercise_8.doc and may be found for download on the unit LMS. We recommend that you record your progress by keeping a laboratory notebook. GIS practitioners develop this habit of noting down how to achieve outcomes. In the long term this saves time as the process is clearly set out. They can refer to the notes and not have to relearn by trial and error. Your lab notebook will also be an excellent resource for the practical test. As well, it can take time to learn and feel comfortable with a new skill. We recommend making an early start on the lab exercises and maintaining steady progress throughout the semester.

SUMMARY OF GIS1, GIS2 AND GIS3: • • •

GIS1 GIS2 GIS3

Exercises 3-4 Exercises 5-6 Exercises 7-8

GIS assignments: Submit answers to the set questions asked in all of the corresponding lab manual exercises. In addition to your responses to the questions, your assignment should include a table identifying and describing all new modules introduced in the exercise.

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GIS1 is based on exercises 1 to 4 in the Practical Manual. Complete exercises 1-4 to learn how to use TerrSet and answer the questions for each exercise. Questions for exercises 1 & 2 will be posted in Week 2 of the semester, to consolidate your learning, but will not be assessed (a solution key will be provided for you to check your answers). For the GIS1 assignment, submit your answers to the questions included in the lab manual for exercises 3 & 4. GIS1 will be time consuming as it takes time and repetition to learn a new skill and the software interface. However, the questions are simple. For GIS2 you need to complete exercises 5 & 6. GIS2 is the most challenging of the GIS assignments. It also requires the uptake of new skills. The questions are more difficult as they are designed to reinforce connections between the practical skills and the underlying theory covered in the lectures. Make sure to give yourself plenty of time to complete GIS2; keep up with the lecture recordings and watch the lab demo recordings to strengthen your preparation for these exercises. GIS3 covers exercises 7 & 8 in the lab manual. These are fairly straightforward and you should now be quite familiar with the tools.

For each exercise you should submit: a) A table detailing any new TerrSet modules (i.e. not used before in other exercise). You should list in the left hand column the name of the module and in the right hand column an explanation of the purpose of the module, in your own words. (The marks will vary between exercises, up to a maximum of 2 marks.) This is a great way to summarise your work and to help you prepare for the practical test. b) Answers to questions listed in the lab manual for each exercise (the marks vary for each exercise and question). c) TerrSet log files from your own work (1 mark). Log files may be opened using text editors such as the Edit module in TerrSet or other text editors in the Windows environment. PLEASE READ the final two pages of the lab manual on information about log files. To minimise the number of pages the log files may be formatted with 8-point Arial Narrow font. In GIS1, each question is worth one mark. The GIS2 and GIS3 exercises vary in the complexity and in the effort required to complete them. The marks employ a weighting system that gives proportionally more “points” for more difficult or time-consuming questions.

PROJECT SUMMARY: The assessment will be based on the following components (the components are explained in more detail on the following pages) • Project proposal – Completion of a project proposal will ensure that you have decided which project to pursue and have begun planning how to accomplish it. The proposal will not be marked, but feedback will be provided to help you fine-tune your methods. • Scholarly presentation of project – Assessment of the project will be based on annotated power point slides detailing the methods, results, and conclusions of your project. The slides must include text describing each slide (what you would have said if you gave the talk) in the presenter’s notes.

PROJECT DETAIL: You will be expected to undertake a GIS/remote sensing project based on a few scenarios and data sets we have prepared for you. The projects will require you to apply the analyses you have learned about in the lectures and the skills you have gained in the practical exercises. Although 12

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the topic and the final products of the project are set, specific steps will not be provided. You will be required to use creative problem-solving skills to determine how best to achieve the necessary outcome. Different approaches may be followed to produce the same outcome. The project in...