Exam1pharm - Exam 1 Rasmussen NUR2474 Pharmacology PDF

Preview

Summary

Exam 1 Rasmussen NUR2474 Pharmacology...

Description

Half life handwritten orders Application of Pharmacology in Patient care Receptor binding Pharmacokinetics -Absorption-distribution-metabolism-Excretion Pharmacodynamics- the response of the body to the drug. Adverse effect/side effect and expected and unexpected. Teratogenic effect- Appearance of anomalies and or developmental defects due to exposure to a teratogenic agent during fetal development Paradoxical effect- an effect of a chemical substance, typically a medical drug, that is opposite to what would usually be expected Cholinergic vs Anticholinergic side effects Dosage Calculations Medication Rights Nursing Process ADPIE Terminology: EPS- Extrapyramidal symptoms, also called drug-induced movement disorders, describe the side effects caused by certain antipsychotic and other drugs. These side effects include: involuntary or uncontrollable movements. tremors. muscle contractions. Tardive dyskinesia- is a side effect of antipsychotic medications. These drugs are used to treat schizophrenia and other mental health disorders. TD causes stiff, jerky movements of your face and body that you can't control. Akathisia- by a subjective feeling of inner restlessness accompanied by mental distress and an inability to sit still. Dystonia- a movement disorder in which a person's muscles contract uncontrollably. The contraction causes the affected body part to twist involuntarily, resulting in repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Parkinsonism- tremor, slow movement, impaired speech or muscle stiffness — especially resulting from the loss of dopamine-containing nerve cells (neurons). Carvidopa/levodopa - Know action (what does it do)- treat parkinsons symptoms like tremor, stiffness, slowness Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medicationAnticipated SE/AE of this medication- dizziness, anorexia, dry mouth, constipation, sleeping difficult.

Donepezil- Know action (what does it do)- dementia, alzheimers, treat confusion, improve memory Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication- nausea,vomit, diarrhea, bradycardia, ucers, seizures Pt education Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome- is a life-threatening idiosyncratic reaction to antipsychotic drugs characterized by fever, altered mental status, muscle rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction. -What is this? How does this occur? Interventions?- discontinue meds, cooling blanket, hydration, Alzheimer’s Medications- all prevent an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase from breaking down acetylcholine. Sedatives and sleep aids, benzodiazepines and barbiturates can cause drowsy, confusion -What are their action? How do they help? Contraindications? Cholinesterase inhibitors- designed to reduce the activity of the cholinesterase, thereby slowing down the breakdown of acetylcholine. By maintaining levels of acetylcholine, the drug may help compensate for the loss of functioning brain cells. -Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education- nausea, vomit, diarrhea Interferon Beta 1a -Know action (what does it do), is in a class of medications called immunomodulators. It works by decreasing inflammation and preventing nerve damage that may cause symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education- tight muscles, dizziness, numbness, joint pain Baclofen- is used to treat pain and certain types of spasticity (muscle stiffness and tightness) from multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, or other spinal cord diseases. - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education- dizzy,weak, confused Phenytoin- treat epilepsy, control seizures, anticonvulsant - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education -therapeutic level- headache, dizzy, spinning, 10-20 mcg/mL Phenobarbital- slows the activity of your brain and nervous system. Phenobarbital is used to treat or prevent seizures. Phenobarbital is also used short-term as a sedative to help you relax. - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of

medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education, reversals Valporic Acid- Valproic acid is used to treat bipolar disorder. It's occasionally used to prevent migraine headaches and can also be used to treat epilepsy 50-100mcg/mL - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education -therapeutic level Lamotrigine- is a medicine used to treat epilepsy. It can also help prevent low mood (depression) in adults with bipolar disorder. - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education CNS Stimulants: What are they and how do they work- A type of drug that increases the levels of certain chemicals in the brain and increases alertness, attention, energy, and physical activity. Methylphenidate- is used as part of a treatment program to control symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education Lisdexamfetamine- ADHD, works by altering the balance of chemicals in your brain and increasing norepinephrine and dopamine levels - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education Traditional(Typical) neuroleptics and non-traditional (Atypical) neuroleptics (antipsychotic meds) Typical- Haldol, loxitane, moban, navane, serentil, Atypical- Abilify, Clozaril, risperdal -SE/AE -what would the nurse assess the patient for? Hallucinations, anhedonia, delusions, flattened affect -contraindications -treatment for SE/AE management -onset when do they take effect, benefits vs risks Sertaline- Sertraline is a type of antidepressant known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It's often used to treat depression, and also sometimes panic attacks, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of

medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education Duloxetine- It's used to treat depression and anxiety. It's also used to treat nerve pain, such as fibromyalgia, and can be used to treat stress urinary incontinence in women. - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education Amitriptyline- a tricyclic antidepressant. These drugs were originally developed to treat anxiety and depression, but when taken at a low dose they can reduce or stop pain. - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education MAOI’s- contraindications- antidepressant, cant take it with others -SE/AE -food interactions Lithium -therapeutic level- 0.6-1.2 -What does this medication do? a mood stabilizer medication that works in the brain. It is approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder -SE/AE -how does the nurse educate their pt on these SE/AE. What would you say? -Why are other medications added to this drug regimen? Carbamazepine- a medicine used to treat epilepsy. It can also be taken for nerve pain caused by diabetes, also bipolar disorder - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education, notifying provider Benzodiazepines (pam or lam) -effect on alcohol withdrawal -onset of medications -Discharge teaching -antidote- flumazenil Buspirone- antianxiety -what is this med used for?

-when would your provider order it for a patient? - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education Alprazolam- anxiety and panic disorder - Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education, notifying provider Haloperidol- antipsychotic Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education, notifying provider Clonazepam- benzo, control seizures, panic attacks Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education, notifying provider Lorazepam- treat anxiety Know action (what does it do), Nurse recommendation for patients who develop SE/AE of medication, Anticipated SE/AE of this medication, Pt education, notifying provider...