Exam2Study Guide PDF

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bgPSY-260 Introduction to Psychological Research and Ethics Study Guide Exam 2 Chapters 4-7 1. Explain ethical implications of the Tuskegee Study

2. List and describe the Belmont Report Principles

a. What are special populations? Under the Belmont Report how are they to be treated?

3. How many principles and standards are included in the APA ethical guidelines? Which APA Standard directly relates to research?

4. Describe the debriefing process. What type of information must be shared with a participant during a debriefing session?

5. Describe IRB.

6. What is informed consent? What type of information is included in the informed consent document?

7. What is plagiarism? How does it violate the APA code of ethics?

8. Define data falsification and fabrication.

9. List and define three common types of measurement.

10. Compare content and face validity.

11. Define acquiescence, yea-saying, and fence sitting

12. Define observer bias, a masked study design, observer effects, and reactivity.

13. List advantages and disadvantages of using open-ended questions in surveys.

14. Define population, sample, and census.

15. What is the difference between a biased sample and a representative sample?

16. Describe different types of sampling techniques: A. Cluster sampling B. Convenience sampling C. Purposive sampling D. Simple random sampling

17. Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester—Psychology and Law and Introduction to Neuroscience. He gives his students a survey. In the above scenario, if all the students in Dr. Kramer’s two classes complete the survey, then Dr. Kramer has done which of the following? A. Collected too much data B. Decreased the external validity of his study

C. Enhanced sampling bias D. Relied on a census 18. A study by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968) involved telling teachers that some of their students were “bloomers” and would achieve rapid academic success within the next year. In fact, these students were no different than any of the other students in the class. At the end of the year, the “bloomers” showed more gains in IQ than the other students. It appeared that the teacher had unintentionally treated the “bloomers” in special ways. This is an example of which of the following? A. Masked study design B. Observer bias C. Observer effects D. Self-report operationalization

19. Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester—Psychology and Law and Introduction to Neuroscience. He gives his students a survey. In the above scenario, Dr. Kramer plans to give his survey only to his Psychology and Law students because he sees them on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays and he can spare the class time (unlike in his Introduction to Neuroscience class, which only meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays). Which of the following is true? A. B. C. D.

This could cause a biased sample because of the type of student who takes the course. This could lead to a biased sample because of self-selection. This could lead to a biased sample because of time available for the survey. This could lead to a sample bias that represents both of the rosters.

20. Professor Kramer has decided to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes this semester—Psychology and Law and Introduction to Neuroscience. He gives his students a survey. In the above scenario, Dr. Kramer plans to give his survey only to his Psychology and Law students because he sees them on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays and he can

spare the class time (unlike in his Introduction to Neuroscience class, which only meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays). Which of the following is true? A. B. C. D.

Sampling those who come to class consistently Sampling those who volunteer for the survey Sampling those who sign the consent form Sampling those who finish the survey...