Final Handwashing, hot and cold application PDF

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Summary

1Time and Motion:_____HANDWASHING TECHNIQUEDefinition: Also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and microorganisms.Objectives: To remove microorganisms in our hands To avoid cross contamination between the client and the nurse To reduce the ris...

Description

Time and Motion:_____ HANDWASHING TECHNIQUE Definition: Also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning hands for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and microorganisms.

Objectives: 1. To remove microorganisms in our hands 2. To avoid cross contamination between the client and the nurse 3. To reduce the risk of transmission of infectious diseases to oneself Principle: 1. Make use of soap as cleansing agent 2. Use liquid soap from dispenser over bar soap 3. Point fingers down to facilitate removal of microorganisms Safety/Security Measures: 1. Make sure to use clean water 2. Use soaps that with high quality (proven and tested by authority) 3. Use paper towel just once and dispose it right after Pre-procedural Preparations: 1. Gather the necessary equipment. 2. Remove all jewelry. 3. Check the hands for breaks in the skin, such as hangnails or cuts Equipment:

   

Soap Warm, running water Disposable or sanitized water Orange stick

STEPS

RETURN DEMO Able to Unable to perform perform

1. Stand in front of the sink, keeping hands and uniform away from sink surface. [1] Rationale: Uniform and hands should not touch the sink surface to avoid microorganisms 2. Turn on water. Regulate the flow and temperature until the water is warm. Avoid water splashing against your uniform. Rationale: Warm water removes less of the protective oil. And uniform should be clean to avoid microorganisms 3. Wet the hands and wrist area thoroughly. Hold the hands lower than the elbows so that the water flows from the arms to the fingertips. Rationale: Less contaminated to most contaminated 4. Apply enough liquid soap from dispenser or bar of soap and lather thoroughly. Cover all areas of hands. Rinse soap bar and return to soap rack without touching the soap rack/dish. (If hands touch soap dish/rack during hand washing, you have to do the process again.) [1],[2],[3] Rationale: Liquid soap reduces microorganisms. Soap dish/rack have microorganisms that can contaminate the hand.

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5. Rub the palms and back of the hands, each finger, the areas between the fingers, the knuckles, wrists, and forearms. Rub firmly for at least 15 seconds in circular motion at least 5 times each area. Keep fingertips down to facilitate removal of microorganism. Wash at least 1 inch above area of contamination.[1] Rationale: Circular motion creates friction that cleans inter digital spaces 6. Areas under fingernails are often soiled. Clean them with fingernails of the opposite hand or with clean orangewood stick. [2] Rationale: To reduce microorganisms under fingernails and besides areas under fingernails are commonly missed when washing hands. 7. Rinse elbow, wrist, and hands thoroughly with running water flowing towards fingertips. Rationale: In this way the water runs from the less contaminated area to the area where microorganisms are concentrated 8. Thoroughly pat the hands and arms dry using a paper towel without scrubbing. Start with the fingers and move upward towards forearms, and discard paper towel immediately. [1],[2],[3] Rationale: Hands and arms becomes chapped as does any other skin if it is being rubbed vigorously 9. Use separate clean, dry paper towel to turn off the faucet. Discard paper towel immediately on a proper waste disposal without soiling other clean hand. Rationale: It protects the hands from microorganisms from the faucet handles 10. Apply an oil-free lotion on hands, if desired. [3] Rationale: Lotion can moisturize the hands and finger

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Time and Motion: ___ APPLYING HOT COMPRESS Definition: Hot application is the application of a hot agent, warmer than the skin either in moist or dry form on the skin surface

Objectives: 1. To decrease the pain that indicate problem 2. To decrease any inflammation 3. To promote healing, circulation and suppuration Principles: 1. Conduction is the movement of heat by particles through something 2. Convection is the carrying of heat energy by movement of particles of matter 3. Heat when applied to affected area increases the temperature of skin and muscle tissue Safety/Security Measures: 1. Never apply hot compress for more than 30 minutes 2. Allow skin to return to normal temperature before repeating applications 3. Prolonged, direct contact with hot compress can cause damage to skin so always be sure to wrap your hot compress with towel. Pre-procedural Preparations: 1. Wash hands 2. Introduce yourself to the client and identify client’s identity. Explain what are going to do, why it is necessary, and how the client can cooperate. 3. Gather the necessary equipment. 4. Provide Privacy Equipment:  Hot water  Rag to wipe

Hot water bag

Bath thermometer

Cotton flannel

STEPS

RETURN DEMO Able to Unable to perform perform

1. Check the physician’s order and the reason for the warm compress.[1] Rationale: To know why this therapy is applicable to the patient’s case. Warm compress may not be suitable for all injuries. 2. Determine the client’s condition, medical diagnosis, and any history of diabetes mellitus or impairments in sensation.[1] Rationale: To avoid higher risk or burns and further complications 3. Assess the client’s skin for areas of redness, breakdown, or scar tissue. If open wounds are involved, carefully assess the open wounds.[1] Rationale: There are types of skin that is sensitive to heat. Exposure to extreme heat cause severe complications to open wounds and the patient’s skin. 4. Check if the hot water bag is in good shape and without any leaks.[1] Rationale: The water bag must be functional so that it cannot cause any damage to the patient.

5. To check for leaks, pour the water into the bag, cover, then turn it upside-down. If there is no leak discard the water.

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