First Lecture - Intro Notes PDF

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Introduction to course and start of chapter 1 notes of Dr. Russell's lecture....

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January 8, 2020 Wednesday, January 8, 2020

6:47 PM

Phobia = morbid dread of something Irrational exaggerated dread

First word = noun Latin

Aulophobia -- fear of wind instruments Cometophobia -- fear of comets Gephyrophobia -- fear of bridge crossing Esophobia -- fear of dawn Phobophobia -- fear of fears Siderophobia -- fear of stars Hedonophobia -- fear of pleasure Phonophobia -- fear of answering question in class Potamophobia -- fear of rivers Cathisophobia -- fear of sitting down Peniaphobia -- fear of poverty Vaccinophobia -- fear of vaccinations Chronophobia -- fear of time Ereuthophobia -- fear of blushing Ideophobia -- fear of ideas Odontophobia -- fear of teeth Amaxophobia -- fear of vehicles

First word = adjective English

Chron/ic traumat/ic encephal/o/pathy

Arthr/o/my/algia

Pathy A disease of

My Muscles

Encephal In the head (brain)

Algia Pain

P.t. wounds (trauma) and p.t. time (chronos)

Arthro Joints

Pain in the muscles and/involving the joi Mis/o/phon/ia The termination ia Abnormal condition involving what comes before it Phon Sound Mis Hatred of An abnormal condition involving the hatred of noises/sounds

Neur/asthenia

**Ways pain may be used: Involving pain Pain in Pain killing/relieving

X-o-genic In most cases: Producing/causing x In this case: Produced/caused by x Ex/ iatrogenic disease A disease produced by iatry -genic and -genous may be used intercha

Alpha privitive -- adding an a Sthen = strength Asthen = lack of strength Lack of strength of nerves or emotions

Rhin/itis medicament/osa Itis Inflammation of Rhin Nose Medicament Pertaining to medicine

Erythr/o/mel/algia Algia Pain Mel Limbs Erythr Red Pain in the limbs involving redness

My/asthenia gravis

s

geably

Lack of strength of the muscles pertaining to seriousness My/o/meter An instrument for measuring the muscles Measuring something involving the muscles Muscle contractions

Noun: person, thing, place Adjective: describes a noun (or pronoun) Verb: action words Prepositions: location (position) Articles: a, an, the Have to use 'the nose' not 'a nose' because 'a' implies that there are more than one Pronouns: not really needed in medical terminology (except 'something') Conjunction: Adverb: Nouns - thing, person, place From the combining form "lov/" Love Loveness Lovehood Lover Lovist

Lovesickness Why can’t you say lovist instead of lover? Merely convention. Theoretically they are the same, but people only say lover. Abstract nouns ('the' helps emphasize the abstractness) Memorize the ones that don't use 'the' Or even (a/an)

Adjectives describe nouns From the combining form "lov/" Lovish cat Loveless cat Etc.

Significance of "of" and "involving" Crime of Bob Bob has committed the crime Crime involving the Bob Bob may have been the victim Inflammation of a joint A joint has been inflamed The inflammation involving a joint Something close to a joint could be inflamed that is not the joint Both are inflammation of the brain Greek is used as combining forms; the medical words will only be in medical english or latin

Look at the end of the first word: Brachial Dermatitis Brachial -- adjective (Medical English) The inflammation of the skin, pertaining to the arm.

Medical language always presumes that you are talking about one person.

"Of" tells us where something is "Involving" joins two parts if the same word "And" means that the combining forms are equal Craniectomy: Ectomy the cutting out of Cranium The skull The cutting out of something involving the skull Cutting out of the skull would kill the patient

Prosop/o/rhin/o/plasty The surgical repairing of the nose involving the face We recognize real english by word order and context

Chapter 1: Terminations = Primary Suffix S ffi

Suffix: It's an ending An ending is a termination Ending = English Termination = Latin These suffixes are called primary because they have one part, while derived suffixes are a combination of primary suffixes and other parts. Primary suffixes cannot change parts of speech. For example, x-ia cannot become an adjective. X-osi/is, on the other hand, has a lot more flexibility as it can become an adjective. Verbs X-ize - To (do the action of) x - To make (something) x If a medical term ends in -ize, it is a verb for sure. However, there are other verbal forms as well, but they are not predictable. For example: To isolate To flounder However, these cannot be formulized as there are not enough examples. Hypn/ot/ize: to make/cause an abnormal condition involving sleep. Tonsillectomize: to cut out a/the tonsil(s) Allerg/ize: to make [someone] allergic De-allerg/ize: to make [someone] less allergic (re: de-sensitize) Adjectives Regular English can turn anything into an adjective. Medical dictionaries used "pertaining to" to indicate this Shoulder pain -- Pain pertaining to a shoulder

Arm infection -- an infection p.t. an arm Skin disease -- a disease p.t. an arm Dinner reservations -- reservations p.t. dinner Girlfriend problems -- problems p.t. a girlfriend Catfood -- food p.t. a cat Gender dysphoria -- dysphoria p.t. gender Anything can be made into an adjective if it is stuck in front of a noun. (pertaining to x)

X-al National -- national emergency -- an emergency pertaining to the nation Retinal - retinal inflammation -- inflamation pt. retina retin Cranial incision - incision p.t. the skull Costal - p.t. the ribs Cubital -- p.t. the wrist Blepheral -- p.t. the eyelid Mental -- p.t the chin X-ic Philanthropic - philanthropic rich dude (a rich dude p.t. the love of humanity) Opthalmic - p.t. the eyes Thoracic - p.t. the chest Tympanic - p.t. the middle ear Omphalic - p.t. the naval X-ous (sometimes the u drops out) Ligamentous - p.t. the ligaments Tendinous - p.t. the tendons Sanguinous - p.t. the blood X-ary

(y sometimes changes to an i) Mammary - p.t the breast(s) Could be mammarious Pulmonary - p.t. the lungs X-ar Scapular - p.t. the shoulder blade Muscular - p.t. the muscles Ocular - p.t. the eyes X-an Median - p.t. the middle Caesarean - p.t. the act of cutting [caedo = to cut] X-ine Canine - p.t. the teeth Pelvine - p.t. the pelvis Palatine - p.t. the palate X-ac Aphrodisiac -- p.t. Aphrodite/love Cardiac - p.t the heart X-oid (RESEMBLING x) Android - android machine --> a machine resembling a human We will forget that it means resembling Bacteroid -- resembling bacteria

Nouns X-ia (an abnormal condition involving x) - Insomnia Dactyl/ia An abnormal condition involving a/the digit(s) X-ist Only termination that consistently refers to a person

Only termination that consistently refers to a person One who (does the action of ) x One who specializes in x Dactyloscopist One who examines a/the digit(s) Dentist - one who teeths? Instead: One who specializes in (the) teeth X-in A substance (which does the action) of x Laryng/in - the substance of the larynx Cyt/o/toxin - a substance that poisons (re: is poisonous to) the cells Quiz! Can/(dog) Den/(teeth) Cran/(Skull) Stell/(star) Can/in (noun) A Substance of the dog Dermatitis Canina (noun and adjective = Latin) The inflammation of the skin p.t. the dog Crani/al/ist (noun) One who specialized in something p.t. the skull Dent/in/ous (adjective) P.t. a substance of the teeth Stell/ar/osis (adjective) An abnormal condition involving something p.t the stars Involving pertaining to --> involving something p.t....