Fractional distillation PDF

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Miami Dade College CHM 2210L Prof. Yaelis Rivas Adam Potamkin

Fractional Distillation Abstract The purpose of this experiment is to enable the student to learn how to properly separate a mixture that contain two miscible-noninteracting liquids into its pure components, and how to determine the boiling point of each pure component via the distillation process. A determined unknown was assigned by the instructor, and the identity of this compound was found to be 2-propanol. Data & Discussion of the Results I.

RESULTS Unknown Mixture: 100 mL 1. Milliliters of Unknown Mixture Distilled: 74.5mL 2. More Volatile Component (lower boiling fraction) a) Boiling Point Range 86-ºC – 87ºC (86.5ºC avg) b) mL Collected 43.0 mL c) Percent Collected: 43% 3. Less Volatile Component (higher boiling fraction) a) Boiling Point Range: 95ºC – 98ºC (96.5 ºC avg) b) mL Collected: 13 mL c) Percent Collected: 13%

Discussion The constancy of boiling point is a technique used in the laboratory commonly used to determine the identity of unknown organic compounds. The identity can be obtained by determining the purity of the mixture. Professor Rivas sent a list of possible organic compounds that would possible be in the unknown solutions, and students would determine the identity of the compound by matching the obtained the results with the compounds’ boiling point. There was a component that was consistent when getting results during the distillation, and it was the less volatile one. The average boiling point of this compound was found to be 86.5ºC, close to the boiling point of 2-propanol (82ºC), therefore one could safely conclude that the identity of the assigned unknown is a mix of 2-propanol and water.

Conclusion Students learnt about the practical and the theoretical aspects involved in the distillation process, they properly separate a mixture that contained two misciblenoninteracting liquids into its pure components, and learnt how to obtain boiling points through the process of fractional distillation. The final outcome of this experiment was to find the identity of the unknown compound which was 2-propanol. One could conclude that the experiment was a success because all of the goals were met.

Reference Page Goicoechea-Pappas, Marta and Pappas, Anthony. Techniques and Experiment for Organic Chemistry Laboratory I. Miami Dade College, Chemistry Department. Florida, 2015.

No author (2020) – U.S. National Library of Medicine. Explore Chemistry. Find chemical information from authoritative sources. (Boiling Point information) Retrieved from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...