Genes and Genomes concept quizzes PDF

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These are some answers to quizzes Professor True posted...

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Question 1

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1 out of 1 points

Why are mutations in pseudogenes considered neutral?

Because they have no function Answer Because they evolve rapidly s:

Because they have no function Because they cannot mutate further Because they are inherited in the cytoplasm Because they are quickly removed by natural selection

Question 2

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1 out of 1 points

Human genome studies have indicated that most of the nucleotide sequence variation in the human populations is structured in a relatively small number of haplotypes. Why is this discovery important? Selected Answers:

Because genotypes at nucleotides underlying genetic disorders can be predicted from genotypes of nearby nucleotides.

Answers:

Because genotypes at nucleotides underlying genetic disorders can be predicted from genotypes of nearby nucleotides. Because this means that recombination does not break up haplotypes during meiosis. Because the more haplotypes there are in a genome, the more likely the chance of deleterious mutations occurring. None of the above Because the likelihood of future speciation events depends on the number and size of haplotypes.

Question 3

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0 out of 1 points

Fill in the blank: Compared to eukaryotic genomes, prokaryotic genomes: __________ Selected Answers: Answers:

contain fewer genes contain fewer genes have fewer repetitive sequences All of the above are smaller have fewer noncoding sequences

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Question 4 1 out of 1 points

The figure above depicts a gene (one allele on one chromosome of an individual). The gray boxes represent the exons of the gene. The locations of start and stop codons as well as five mutations are shown and the mutations are described. The gene is expressed in both muscle and nerve cells. Which of the mutations would be expected to affect the function of the encoded protein in BOTH muscle and nerve cells?

2 and 4 Answer 1 and s: 3 2 and 4 2 and 5 3 4 and 5

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Question 5 1 out of 1 points

What is a pseudogene?

A non-functional copy of a functional gene Answer A location in the genome where a functional gene s: has been deleted

A non-functional copy of a functional gene The result of a synonymous mutation A gene that encodes a functional RNA that does not get translated A mutation in a non-coding region of the genome

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Question 6 1 out of 1 points

A pseudogene is:

A nonfunctional copy of a functional gene Answer A gene that encodes a recessive s: allele A gene that is too short to encode a protein A gene that causes reproductive isolation A nonfunctional copy of a functional gene A gene that causes two species to look the same

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Question 7 0 out of 1 points

Which of the following would be expected to have the lowest % of noncoding DNA in its genome?

A yeast Answer A mouse s:

A yeast A protist All of the above are expected to have the same percentage of noncoding DNA in their genomes A bacterium

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Question 8 0 out of 1 points

Which of the following would be expected to have the highest percent of noncoding DNA in its genome?

A protist Answer A bacterium s:

A yeast A protist A mouse All of the above are expected to have the same percentage of noncoding DNA in their genomes

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Question 9 1 out of 1 points

Which organism would be predicted to have the LOWEST percent of noncoding DNA? Selected Answers:

Bacteria

Answers:

Bacteria Cricket All of the above should have approximately the same percentage of noncoding DNA Single-celled fungus Gorilla

Question 10

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1 out of 1 points

Which of the following statements are false?

When a gene is duplicated, the duplicate copy automatically becomes a pseudogene Answer Most variation within protein coding genes is expected to have no effect on s: amino acid sequences Most pseudogenes originate via point mutations in protein coding genes Most gene deletions are harmful to the organism Most protein coding genes evolve from other protein coding genes When a gene is duplicated, the duplicate copy automatically becomes a pseudogene

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Which organism would be predicted to have the LOWEST % of noncoding DNA? Selected Answer: Answers:

Zebra Zebra Butterfly Single-celled fungus Bacteria

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All of the above should have approximately the same % of noncoding DNA Question 2 0 out of 1 points

It has been found that there are 15 amino acid sequence differences between the human LWS (long wavelength sensitive) opsin protein and MWS (medium wavelength sensitive) opsin protein. Which of the following is TRUE about these differences?

Selected Answer:

Answers:

They do not cause functional differences between the two proteins They are not subject to natural selection They do not cause functional differences between the two proteins They represent nonsynonymous differences in the DNA sequences of the genes that encode them They cause differences in the ribosomes that are responsible for translating proteins from messenger RNA They cause differences in transcription rates of the genes that encode them Question 3

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0 out of 1 points

(new concept quiz figure 39) Given the gene duplication scenario depicted in the figure which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

Selected Answer:

In human, monkase A is a paralog to monkase B

Answers:

Human monkase B is orthologous to chimpanzee monkase Human monkase A and B and chimpanzee monkase are all homologous In human, monkase A is a paralog to monkase B Monkase A in human is paralogous to chimpanzee monkase

Question 4

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1 out of 1 points

A series of alleles at genetically linked loci on a single chromosome, inherited from one parent, is called a/an Selected Answer:

Answers:

haploty pe phenoty pe nucleus anagen esis organell e haploty pe Question 5

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0 out of 1 points

Human genome studies have indicated that most of the nucleotide sequence variation in the human populations is structured in a relatively small number of haplotypes. Why is this discovery important? Selected Answer:

Answers:

Because this means that recombination does not break up haplotypes during meiosis. Because the more haplotypes there are in a genome, the more likely the chance of deleterious mutations occurring. Because genotypes at nucleotides underlying genetic disorders can be predicted from genotypes of nearby nucleotides. Because the likelihood of future speciation events depends on the number and size of haplotypes. Because this means that recombination does not break up haplotypes during meiosis.

Question 6

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1 out of 1 points

A pseudogene is: Selected Answer:

Answers:

A nonfunctional copy of a functional gene A gene that encodes a recessive allele A nonfunctional copy of a functional gene A gene that causes reproductive isolation A gene that causes two species to look the same A gene that is too short to encode a protein Question 7

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1 out of 1 points

Which of the following would be expected to have the highest percent of noncoding DNA in its genome? Selected Answer: Answers:

A mouse A bacterium A yeast A protist A mouse All of the above are expected to have the same percentage of noncoding DNA in their genomes Question 8

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0 out of 1 points

Why are pseudogenes a good place to look for neutral mutations? Selected Answer:

Because pseudogenes are very similar to normal genes

Answers:

Because pseudogenes are not expressed Because pseudogenes are very similar to normal genes

Because mutations that occur in pseudogenes affect fitness Because mutations in pseudogenes are synonymous Because mutations in pseudogenes are nonsynonymous Question 9

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0 out of 1 points

What is different in a cell that is part of a blood vessel and a cell that is part of the skin of the same individual? Selected Answer: Answers:

The function of the ribosomes The sequence of DNA in the nucleus The sequence of DNA in the mitochondria The amounts and types of proteins present in the cell The function of the ribosomes

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All of the above are different in the two cell types Question 10 0 out of 1 points

(new concept quiz figure 37) This figure depicts a gene (one allele on one chromosome of an individual). The gray boxes represent the exons of the gene. The locations of start and stop codons as well as five mutations are shown and the mutations are described. The gene is expressed in muscle cells and nerve cells. Which of the mutations has the potential to affect the geneâ s expression level in muscle cells OR nerve cells but possibly not both?

Selected Answer:

4

Answers:

1 2 3 4 5...