Global Population and Mobility PDF

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Contemporary World (11/26/20 )Global Population and MobilityGlobal City  Saskia Sassen (Sociologist) popularized the term global city in the 1990s.  It is called world city or sometimes alpha city or world center, is a city which is primary node in the global economic network.  Shanghai considers...

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Contemporary World (11/26/20) Global Population and Mobility Global City  Saskia Sassen (Sociologist) popularized the term global city in the 1990s.  It is called world city or sometimes alpha city or world center, is a city which is primary node in the global economic network.  Shanghai considers to have a post-industrial status achieved through the conversion of land uses, especially from industrial to commercial uses.  Val Colic-Peisker identifies being cosmopolitan, and post-industrial as leading attributes if a global city.

First 3 Global Cities in Tax Change New York, Tokyo and London Cosmopolitan  Cultural Diversity  The global city’s natives encountering and engaging daily with a variety of immigrants and visitors.  This result to ‘’cosmopolitan” work culture, global networking and glocal transnational community relations.  Cosmopolitan is a phenomenon most readily associated with the global city: large, diverse cities attracting people, material and cultural products from all over the world.  It usually invokes pleasant images of travel, exploration and worldly pursuits. e.g. Metro Manila

Post-industrial  VC-P pointed out that one of the conditions of the status of global city is stop making things and switch to handling and shifting money and ideas.  Singapore became part of the global city club with its efficient global transport infrastructure and growing professional service sector.  Shanghai (Another successful city) considers to have a postindustrial status achieved through the conversion of land uses, especially from industrial to commercial uses. Classification of Cities  Highly Urbanized Cities (HUCS) have a minimum population of 200,000 and an annual income of at least fifty million Philippine pesos (P50 M).  Independent Component Cities are cities whose charters prohibit their voters from voting for provincial elective officials.  The component cities are considered part of the province where they are located.  It is created by an Act of Congress and duly ratified by the affected voting population in a plebiscite.  requisites for its creation are an average annual income of at least twenty million Philippine pesos.  a minimum population of 150,000

Sassen's Seven Hypotheses FIRST HYPOTHESIS  Describes the dispersal of globalization-related economic activities.  Managing, coordinating, servicing, financing a firm's network of operations. SECOND HYPOTHESIS  Opines that the increasing complexity of central functions compel the headquarters of large global firms to outsource: Accounting, legal public relations, programming, telecommunications, and other services THIRD HYPOTHESIS  Remarks that those specialized service firms engaged in the most complex and globalized markets are subject to agglomeration economies.  benefits enjoyed by a particular place where firms and people conglomerate near one another, usually in cities and industrial zones businesses and citizens in FOURTH HYPOTHESIS  Explains how outsourcing makes corporations.  Free to opt for any location because less work actually done in the headquarters is subject to agglomeration economies.  This underlines that highly specialized and networked services sector distinctive are the production advantages of global cities. FIFTH HYPOTHESIS  The specialized service firms need to provide a global service

which has meant a global network of affiliates or some other form of partnership SIXTH & SEVENTH HYPOTHESIS  Proffered a negative attribute of global cities being susceptible to inequalities Attributes of a Global City  Economically superior  A variety of international financial services, notably insurance, real estate, banking, accountancy, and marketing  Headquarters of several multinational corporations in finance, The existence of financial headquarters, a stock exchange, and major financial institutions  Domination of the trade and economy of a large surrounding area  Major manufacturing centers with port and container facilities  Information and Technology capable at the very least.  Corporate Friendly  Globally linked or networked  Global Cities are centers of authority.  Global Cities are considered centers of political influence.  Global Cities are centers of higher learning and culture. Challenges of Global Cities  Global city thesis has been known for being a threat to statecentric perspectives.  These cities have been accused of focusing their reach to other global cities and neglecting cities within the national outreach.  These cities are more connected to the outside world than to their domestic economy.

DEMOGRAPHY  It is the study of human populations; the size, composition and distribution across space and the process through which populations change.  Most large companies conduct demographic research determine how to market their product or service and best capture the target audience.  Demographic trends are also important, since the size of different demographic groups changes over time as a result of economic, cultural and political circumstances. THEORY OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION  Demographic transition hypothesizes that societies typically transition from periods of high birth and death rates to eras of lower birth and death rates, as they engage in the process of industrialization from agrarian or preindustrial beginnings.  The demographic transition theory is a generalized description of the changing pattern of mortality, fertility and growth rates as societies move from one demographic regime to another. Ronald Lee • The classic demographic transition starts with mortality decline, followed after a time by reduced fertility,4 leading to an interval of first increased and then decreased population growth and, finally, population aging. • Liability of the Government (Bata ang Population) • Job Discrimination (Corporate World, Bata ang Population)

FOUR STAGES OF THE CLASSICAL DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION MODEL STAGE 1: PRE-TRANSITION Characterized by high birth rates, and high fluctuating death rates. STAGE 2: EARLY TRANSITION During the early stages of the transition, the death rate begins to fall. As birth rates remain high, the population starts to grow rapidly. STAGE 3: LATE TRANSITION Birth rates start to decline. The rate of population growth decelerates STAGE 4: POST TRANSITION Post-transitional societies are characterized by low birth and low death rates. Population growth is negligible, or even enters a decline. Grover's 5 Stages Of The Demographic Transition Stage 1: Characterized by high birth and death rates. Stage 2: Period of modern medicine that helps lower death rates. Stage 3: Birth rates gradually decrease Stage 4: Birth rate as well as death rate is low. Stage 5: Period of an aging population.

GLOBAL MIGRATION  Global migration can be understood as a cause and effect relationship, though the causes are just as numerous as their effects  Most global migration is from developing countries to developed ones. Types of Migration  Internal Migration - refers to people moving from one area to another within one country.  International Migration – people one country to another cross borders of 1. Immigrants- those who move permanently to another country. 2. Workers who stay in another country for a fixed period. 3. Illegal Immigrants- incomplete papers 4. Migrants whose families have petitioned them to move to the destination country. 5. Refugees- those who has been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war or violence. A refugee has a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group. Causes of Migration ECONOMIC FACTORS • Lack of employment opportunities or differentials in employment opportunities and wages; the lure of a well-paid job in a developed country is a powerful driver of international migration. • Lack of educational institutions across developing countries has also tremendously contributed to the reasons for migration.

POLITICAL FACTORS • This factors underlying the global movements of people include the pressure to resolve unemployment and prevent simmering social discontent from going out of hand. SOCIAL FACTORS • To have a better lifestyle CULTURAL FACTORS • Outlet para maipakita yung creativity, talent, skills....