Human-to-Human Relationship Model PDF

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Lecture notes on Human-to-Human Relationship Model by Joyce Travelbee...

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Human-to-Human Relationship Model - Joyce Travelbee •

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Books o Interpersonal Aspects of Nursing (1961) o Intervention in Psychiatric Nursing: Process in the one-to-one relationship Five phases of interaction process o the inaugural meeting or original encounter ↔first impression by the nurse of the sick person and vise versa; nurse and client see each other in traditional roles o visibility of personal identities or emerging identities ↔nurse and patient perceive each other as unique individuals; relationship begins to form o empathy: § 2 qualities that enhance ↔similarities of experience and desire to understand another person § ability to share in the person's experience § the result is the ability to expect the behavior of the individual with whom he or she empathized o sympathy: § happens when the nurse wants to lessen the cause of the patient's suffering § goes beyond empathy: "when one sympathizes, one is involved but not incapacitated by the involvement" § nurse should use a disciplined intellectual approach together with therapeutic use of self to make helpful nursing actions o establishing mutual understanding and contact or rapport § Nursing interventions that lessens the patient's suffering. The nurse and the sick person are relating as human being to human being § The sick person shows trust and confidence in the nurse § "A nurse is able to establish rapport because she possesses the necessary knowledge and skills required to assist ill persons, and because she is able to perceive, respond to, and appreciate the uniqueness of the ill human being" Metaparadigm o Person: § human being; both the nurse and patient § a unique, irreplaceable individual who is in the continuous process of becoming, evolving, and changing o Health: § measured by subjective and objective health § "A person's subjective health status is an individually defined state of well-being in accord with self-appraisal of physical-emotional-spiritual status" § Objective health ↔an absence of discernible disease, disability, or defect as measured by physical examination, laboratory tests, assessment by a spiritual director, or psychological councelor o Environment: § not clearly defined; human conditions and life experiences encountered by all men as sufferings, hope, pain, and illness § illness ↔a category and classification; both subjective and objective criteria § Objective ↔determined by the outward effects of illness on the individual § Subjective ↔way in which a human being perceives him or herself as ill

Suffering ↔feeling of displeasure which ranges from simple transitory mental, physical, or spiritual discomfort to extreme anguish, and to those phases beyond anguish, namely, the malignant phase of despair "not caring" and the terminal phase of apathetic indifference § Pain ↔not observable- only it's effects are noted; unique to each individual § Hope ↔mental state characterized by the desire to gain an end or accomplish a goal combined with some degree of expectation that what is desired or sought is attainable. It is related to dependence on others, choice, wishing, trust and perseverance, and courage and is future oriented Nursing ↔interpersonal process whereby the professional nurse practitioner assists an §

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individual, family, or community to prevent or cope with the experience of illness and suffering and, if necessary, to find meaning in these experiences...