Informal Introduction in Japanese PDF

Preview

Summary

good...

Description

Informal Introduction in Japanese 

I am Miki. Nice to meet you! Miki desu. Yoroshiku!



I am Jack. Nice to meet you! Jack to iimasu. Yoroshiku!



Are you a student? Anata wa gakusei?



Yes. I am studying at University in Japan. Un. Nihon no daigaku de benkyo shiteru.



Oh, really? Superb! Sou nano? Sugoi ne.



Thanks. Doumo.

Formal Introduction in Japanese  

Hello Mr Evans, my name is Mrs Kimura. It is nice to meet you. Evans san. Kimura to moushimasu. Hajimemashite. Hello Mrs Kimura. It is nice to meet you too. Kimura san desu ka. Hajimemashite.



What is your profession Mr Evans? Evans san no shigoto wa nan desu ka?



I am working as a teacher. Watashi no shigoto wa eigo no sensei desu.

word order I said "word order is not important" before. But , today, I would like to say a key point to make a sentence with right word order. It is very easy. A subjective word should be put the beginning of a sentence and a verb at the end of a sentence. That's all. eg: Watashi wa densha de ikimasu. : I, train,by,go : I go by train

densha : (electric) train de : by iku : go (ika-nai, iki-masu,iku,iku-toki,ike-ba,ike, itta) Kore wa pen desu. : This, pen , is : This is a pen. kore : this pen : pen desu : is / are Ano hana wa totemo utsukushii (desu). : That , flower, very, beautiful (is) : That flower is very beautiful. ano : that hana : flower totemo : very utsukushii : beautiful (an adjective word have a function of be-verb) Posted by Westy at 10:15 AM 0 comments Links to this post

April 27, 2008

can't , can not Watashi wa nihongo o hanasenai. : I, Japanese, can't speak. : I can't speak Japanese. (I'm not able to speak Japanese, I don't have skills to speak Japanese) watashi : I , watashi wa : I (subject) nihongo : Japanese language hanasu : speak (hanasa-nai, hanashi-masu, hanasu, hanasu-toki, hanase-ba, hanase) hanasenai : can't speak Watashi wa nihongo o hanasanai : I, Japanese, don't speak : I don't speak Japanese. ( I can speak Japanese but I don't speak Japanese) hanasu : speak (hanasa-nai, hanashi-masu, hanasu, hanasu-toki, hanase-ba, hanase) Watashi wa hashirenai. : I , can't run. : I can't run. hashiru : run (hashira-nai, hashiri-masu, hashiru, hashiru-toki, hashire-ba, hashire) Watashi wa hashiranai. : I , don't run : I don't run. hashiru : run (hashira-nai, hashiri-masu, hashiru, hashiru-toki, hashire-ba, hashire)

tobenai : can't fly tobu: fly (toba-nai, tobi-masu, tobu, tobu-toki , tobe-ba , tobe) tobanai : don't fly tobu: fly (toba-nai, tobi-masu, tobu, tobu-toki , tobe-ba , tobe) nomenai : can't drink nomu : drink (noma-nai, nomi-masu, nomu, nomu-toki , nome-ba, nome) nomanai : don't drink nomu : drink (noma-nai, nomi-masu, nomu, nomu-toki , nome-ba, nome) exception; In Japanese, there are cases in which "noun"+"suru" makes it verb. suru : do (shi-nai, shi-masu, suru, suru-toki, sure-ba, shiro) benkyou : study(noun) benkyousuru : study(verb) unten : driving(noun) unten suru : drive(verb) Watashi wa benkyou shinai : I, study, don't : I don't study. Watashi wa benkyou dekinai : I , study, can't. : I can't study. dekiru(verb) : can, be able to (deki-nai, deki-masu, dekiru, dekiru-toki, dekire-ba, dekiro) Posted by Westy at 8:42 AM 1 comments Links to this post

April 12, 2008

infinitive Infinitives ( to+verb) are often seen in English conversation. eg. I go to bookshop to buy book. ("to buy" is infinitive in this case) In Japanese , "....suru tameni" , " ...no tameni " or " ...tameni " is very convinient word for infinitives. Watashi wa hon o kau tameni hon-ya ni ikimasu.( I, book, buy, to(infinitive), bookshop, to, go) kau : buy tameni : for the purpose of hon-ya: bookshop, ya : "ya" means shop iku : go

(ika-nai, iki-masu, iku, iku-toki, ike-ba, ike) "tameni" comes just after a verb(plain) yomu tameni : to read au tameni : to meet, to see iu tameni : to say "no tameni" comes after noun dokusho(reading) no tameni : for reading unten(driving) no tameni : for driving "suru tameni" means " for doing..." ( same with " no tameni") dokusho(reading) suru tameni : for reading unten(driving) suru tameni : for driving Pactice; Watashi wa anata ni au tameni koko ni kita. : I came here to see you. watashi : I " wa " of "watashi wa" makes "I" subject. anata : you ni : to, with "ni " of " anata ni" makes "you " objective. au : meet , see (awa-nai, ai-masu, au, au-toki, ae-ba ,ae) tameni : for koko : (noun) here ni: to kita : past tense of "kuru" , came kuru :come (ko-nai, ki-masu, kuru, kuru-toki, kure-ba, koi) ki + ta : came Watashi wa anata ni au tameni koko ni kita. : I, you , with, see, for , here, came : I came here to see you.

My wallet was stolen! Watashi no saifu ga nusumareta. : My wallet was stolen. watashi : I, my, me watashi no : my

saifu : purse, wallet nusumu : steal nusumareta : was stolen By attaching "-reru" or "-rareru" after a verb with conjugation, you can make a passive voice. nusumu : steal nusuma-reru : is stolen nusuma-reta : was stolen Many verbs in past tense have "-da" or "ta". Then we can think like this ; how to make a past tense sentense : verb+"da" / "ta" how to make a passive voice : verb + "reru" / "rareru" nusumu + "reru"+"ta" : nusumareta : was stolen Basic rules of making a past tense and a passive voice are mentioned above. In order to know the conjugation rule , you'd better meet actual sentenses as much as possible. But if you say just "nusumu (ra)reru ta/da" to Japanese people, maybe they can understand what you say. Posted by Westy at 10:11 PM 0 comments Links to this post

June 28, 2007

Don't do that. Sore wa shinaide kudasai. : Don't do that. sore : it, that shinai : don't do, doesn't do kudasai : give me shinai de kudasai : don't do please Here review the conjugation of verbs. suru : do shinai : do not shimasu : do (polite) suru : do (plain) surutoki : do when sureba : do if shiro : do (imperative) You can see that the head of the word changes to "su-" or "-shi". "suru" is a kind of a special word which has strange conjugation pattern.

If you want to make a negative imperative sentense, you can make it by "do not" pattern + de + kudasai. tataku : beat (tatakanai, tatakimasu, tataku,tatakutoki,tatakeba, tatake) Tatakanai de kudasai. : beat not, please : Don't beat. Watashio tatakanai de kudasai : me, beat not, please : Don't beat me. miru : look (minai, mimasu, miru, mirutoki, mireba, miro) Minai de kudasai : look not, please : Don't look. Watashi o minai de kudasai. : me, look not, please : Don't look at me. Posted by Westy at 11:04 PM 0 comments Links to this post

June 27, 2007

Show me please. Misete kudasai. : Show me ,please. (verb)shite kudasai : (verb), please miseru : show miseru+shite kudasai : misete kudasai Misete kudasai masenka? : Could you show me, please. Misete. : Show me. Misete itadaitemo yoroshiidesuka? : Is it OK for you to show me? Misete itadaitemo kamawanaidesuka ? : Would you mind showing it to me ? In any case mentioned above, the parts of verb "Misete" are the same. "kudasai" literaly means " give me, please". So if you say just "Kudasai", it means you say " Give me please.". Kore kudasai. Give me this. / I take this./ I want this. At restaurant, at shops, you can use this phrase " kore kudasai". Posted by Westy at 11:29 PM 0 comments Links to this post

Can I use this? Kore tsukattemo iidesuka? : Can I use this? / May I use this ? kore : this tsukau : use ii / yoi : good ii desuka : is it good? tsukattemo : in terms of using , using kore tsukattemo iidesuka? : this, in terms of using, is it good? : Can I use this?

May I use this? Kono kuruma untenshitemo iidesuka ? : Can I drive this car? / May I drive this car? kono : this kuruma : car untensuru : drive Ano hon yondemo iidesuka? : Can I read that book ? ano : that hon : book yomu : read Anata o aishitemo iidesuka? : Can I love you ? / May I love you? anata : you aisuru : love Sometimes " mo " would be omitted. Anata o aishite iidesuka ? : Can I love you? Denwa o tsukatte iidesuka ? : Can I use the phone? denwa : telephone tsukau : use When you ask for using a someone's thing, "kariru(borrow)"can be used. Denwa o karitemo iidesuka ? : Can I use the phone? kariru : borrow ( in this case, use) Okane o karitemo iidesuka ? : Can I borrow money? kariru : borrow Toire o karitemo iidesuka? : Can I use a bathroom? toire : toilet, W.C, restroom, bathroom Posted by Westy at 12:54 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 25, 2007

No one knows. Dare mo shiranai. : No one knows. dare : who dare mo ...nai : no one .... shiru / shitteiru : know (conjugation : shiranai, shirimasu, shiru, shirutoki,shireba,shire) (conjugation : shitteinai, shitteimasu, shitteiru, shitteirutoki, shitteireba, shitteiro)

In above case, " mo " is important. You should better learn it as a phrase. If " mo " changed to "ga", the meaning would change. Dare ga shiranai : who, does not know : Who doesn't know?( I think everyone knows it.) Nani mo shiranai : I know nothing. nani : what In this case, "nani" is an objective word. This sentense should be learnt as one phrase, too. Dare mo utawanai : No one sings. Nani mo utawanai : I sing nothing. utau : sing (conjugation : utawanai,utaimasu, utau,utautoki,utaeba,utae) Posted by Westy at 9:59 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 23, 2007

Comparative degree Kore wa are yori ookii : This is bigger than that. In English, adjective words will be conjugated when making comparative sentenses, like " big", " bigger","biggest". But in Japanese, adjective words will not be conjugated but attached some words. ookii : big ...yori : than... mottomo : (most) , -est chiisai : small Kore wa are yori chiisai : this, that, than, small : This is smaller than that. sega takai : tall sega hikui : short ...no nakade : among karera : they, them Kare wa karera no nakade mottomo sega takai.: he, them , among, tallest : He is the tallest among them. Kanojo wa kare yori sega hikui : she, he/him, than, short : She is shorter than he.

Posted by Westy at 10:10 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 22, 2007

Let's go to the park! Kouen ni ikimashou : Let's go to the park. kouen : park ni : to , on, at iku : go (ika-nai, iki-masu,iku,iku-toki,ike-ba,ike) -mashou : let's do hashiru : run (hashir-anai,hashiri-masu,hashiru,hashiru-toki,hashir-eba,hashire) made : upto, to Kouen made hashirimashou. : the park, upto, let's run: Let's run to the park. saa : (accost word when tempting someone to do something) hajimeru : start (hajime-nai,hajime-masu,hajimeru,hajimeru-toki,hajimer-eba,hajimero) Saa, hajimemashou.: Hey, let's start. Posted by Westy at 9:44 AM 3 comments Links to this post

June 21, 2007

Somethng to drink nanika nomumono : something to drink nanika : some nomu : drink(plain) -mono : thing verb(plain)+mono : thing to verb When " mono " added behind a verb, the verb changes to a noun. taberu : eat nanika taberumono : something to eat yomu : read nanika yomumono : something to read tataku : beat nanika tatakumono : something to beat kudasai : please give

Nanika nomumono o kudasai. : something to drink , please give : Please give me something to drink. Posted by Westy at 12:33 PM 0 comments Links to this post

June 20, 2007

I love you. Watashi wa anata o aishiteimasu. : I , you, be loving : I love you. aisuru : love(verb) aishiteiru : be loving aishiteimasu : be loving (polite) " verb+-shiteiru" means " be+-ing". A verb is to explain the action. The function of "-shiteiru" is to explain the current situation of the "verb". There exists a little bit diffrence between " verb+-shiteiru" and " be+-ing". Aishiteimasu : ( I ), be loving : I love you / I'm loving you. Watashi wa anata o eienni aishimasu. : I, you, forever, love : I love you forever. In above case, "aishimasu" is right. If "aishiteimasu" is used, the meaning of sentense will chang to " I'll be loving you forever.". Similar case; shiru : know shitteiru : (literaly means " be knowing" ) know Watashi wa sore o shitteimasu. : I, it, know : I know it. Posted by Westy at 9:40 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 19, 2007

I don't know. When you are asked something but don't know the answer, you can use this phrase. Shirimasen : ( I ), know,not : I don't know shiru : know shirimasu : know(polite) shiranai : know not shirimasen : know not (polite) Wakarimasen : ( I ), understan,not : I don't understand.

wakaru : understand wakarimasu : understand ( polite) wakaranai : understand not wakarimasen : understand not ( polite) Posted by Westy at 1:37 PM 0 comments Links to this post

June 17, 2007

"wa" or "ga" "wa" or " ga" makes a noun a subjective word by being attached in a sentense. But ,we, Japanese, use them properly case by case. Then , what is the difference between "wa" and "ga". One thing Ican say is that "ga" is used in the case where something is specified or emphasized. For example, A teacher found that window glass of classroom is broken, and he thought someone of students did it. Then he asked the students "Who broke the window?" in front of all of the students. A student stands up and say "I did." In this case, "Watashi ga yarimashita." (I did) is right , because the speaker emphasizing who did it. On the contrary, assuming that there is a man whose work is to break glass everyday, , he would say " Watashi wa garasu o mainichi warimasu."( I break glass everyday) In this case, he needs not to specify anything. I think it is better for you to learn "wa" and "ga" by encountering as much as possible. Posted by Westy at 9:45 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 16, 2007

Who did what? Dare ga nani o shitanodesuka : who, what , did : Who did what ? dare : who nani : what shita : did

desuka : ( "desuka" added at the end of the sentense make it interrogative.) no : ( which connect a verb and "desuka". when connecting a noun and "desuka", no need to put "no") eg. hashiru : run hashiru nodesuka : Do you run ? hashitta : ran hashitta nodesuka : Did you run? pen : pen pen desuka : Is this a pen? Dare ga nani o shitanodesuka . : Who did what? Dare ga nani o surunodesuka. : Who does what? shita : did suru : do In the conversation, if you couldn' t catch some words, you can ask by substituting the word you caught for "who" or "what" in the above sentense. Mr. Tanaka ga nani o shitanodesuka. : Mr. Tanaka did what?/ What Mr.Tnaka did? Watashi wa nani o surunodesuka. : I do what? / What should I do? It is very difficult to explain difference between " wa" and "ga" .Next time I will . Posted by Westy at 9:58 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 15, 2007

I beg your pardon? If you couldn't catch what someone said to you, you may say " I beg your pardon?" to request him/her to say once again. In Japanese, "Mou ichido itte kudasai.". mou : more ichi do : one time, once mou ichido : once again iu : say itte : (conjugation ) say kudasai : please Mou ichido itte kudasai. : once again, say , please, : Say it again please / I beg your pardon.

sumimasen : excuse me Sumimasen, mou ichido itte kudasai : excuse me, once again, say, please. : Excuse me , please say again. Posted by Westy at 10:10 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 14, 2007

I can't do that …dekinai/ …dekimasen ; can not …./ is(/are) not able to … sore/are : that Watashi wa sore o dekimasen : I, that, cannot : I can not do that. Above sentense doesn't include a verb but a object word. Yesterday, I wrote in this blog about "can.."sentense, and explained that if a verb is included in the sentense, the verb should be conjugated. The case of "cannot …"sentense is same. hanasu : speak hanas-eru : can speak hanas-enai: can't speak hanas-emasen : can't speak(polite) Watashi wa nihongo o hanasemasen. : I, Japanese, can't speak: I can't speak Japanese. And also explained a easier way to make " can..." sentense with changing a verb into a noun. hanasu : speak hanasu koto : speaking, to speak Watashi wa nihongo o hanasukoto ga dekimasu.: I, Japanese, speaking,can: I can speak Japanese. A negative sentense is same. Watashi wa nihongo o hanasukoto ga dekimasen.; I, Japanese, speaking, can't : I can't speak Japanese. You may already know a basic structure of easy Japanese sentense, then you can try to make sentenses as much as possible for your prctice. Posted by Westy at 8:10 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 13, 2007

I can do that. ...dekiru : can... , be able to .... sore, are : that suru : do dekiru : can (conjugation : dekinai,dekimasu,dekiru,dekirutoki,dekireba,dekiro) Watashi wa sore o dekimasu : I, that, can : I can do that. hanasu : speak nihongo : Japanese -eru : can..., be able to... -emasu : (polite)can..., beable to... hanasemasu : hanasu+-emasu : can speak Watashi wa nihongo o hanasemasu. : I, Japanese, can speak : I can speak Japanese. if "-eru" or "-reru" is attached to a verb, it means " can...." with verb conjugation. More easier way to mean " can..." is ; 1. put "-koto" behind the verb(plain) , which makes the verb a noun. 2.put " -ga dekimasu" after the word. For example, Watashi wa nihongo o hanasu koto ga dekimasu (hanasemasu).; I, Japanese, speaking, can : I can speak Japanese. yomu : read (conjugation : yomanai,yomimasu,yomu,yomutoki,yomeba,yome) Watashi wa hon o yomu koto ga dekimasu (yomemasu). : I, book, reading, can, : I can read a book. Conjugaiton of verbs is difficult so you can use this easy way to make "can do " sentense. Posted by Westy at 10:30 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 12, 2007

Where can I wash my hands?

...wa doko desuka? : Where is ....? toire : W.C., restroom doko : where -wa : (attached after the subject word) desu : is,are -ka : (attached at the end of the interrogative sentense) Toire wa doko desuka ? : restroom, where, is ; Where is the restroom? denwa : telephone Denwa wa doko desuka ? : telephone, where, is : Where is a telephone? Where can I make a telephone call? ... wa doko ni arimasuka ? : (same with "...wa doko desuka ?") Where is .....? Toire wa doko ni arimasuka ? : Where is a restroom? Denwa wa doko ni arimasuka? : Where is a telephone? Posted by Westy at 9:40 AM 0 comments Links to this post

June 11, 2007

on the phone Every Japanese people , at the beginning of the telephone conversation, says " moshi-moshi" as an accost word. "Moshi-moshi. Suzuki to moushimasu ga, Tanakasan ni tsunaide itadakemasuka ." (Hello, this is Suzuki speaking. May I speak to Mr. Tanaka.) ...to moushimasu : (literaly " I say") I am... ga : but -san : Mr. Mrs. Miss. Ms.etc tsunagu : connect -te/ -de : (conjunctive particle) this particle connects a verb to another verb. itadakemasuka : (literaly "Can I have..." , " May I have...") Could you please... moshi-moshi : (accost) hello Suzuki to moushimasu ga : Suzuki, I am, but : I am Suzuki Tsunaide itadakemasuka. : connect, could you please : Could you please connect me to.../ Can I speak to... Posted by Westy at 1:22 PM 0 comments Links to this post

June 10, 2007

Introdece yourself

When you meet someone for the first time, you have to itroduce yourself. hajimemashite : how do you do (learn it as a phrase) namae : name to moushimasu : (literaly means " I say...", but usually means "is") Hajimemashite; how do you do : How do you do. Watashino namae wa Suzuki to moushimasu. : my, name , Suzuki, is. : My name is Suzuki. It si OK to say " Watashino namae wa Suzuki desu(is)." Usually, "you" or " I " as a subject is omitted, then, you can say like this ; Suzuki to moushimasu. : Suzuki, is : ( I am ) Suzuki. / (My name) Suzuki. Remember that there are many cases in which a subject of the sentense is omitted. You should concentrate on listening ordinary nouns and proper nouns but " watashi ( I )" as a subject. Personal pronouns are not so imp...