Intro to Africana Studies Notes PDF

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Prince Abimah Prof. Ramsamy 9/19/18

Africana studies is linked to - social mvmt 1950s & 1960s Paradigm - frame of reference, structure of explanation Edward Said - asked profesor why african american history was studied in universities the professor said there is no such things as black literature John Henrik Clarke - wanted to look into black history by asking a lawyer to borrow a book to learn about black history but the lawyer said this is not history recorded about black history 5th grade teacher influenced him he found a book called digging up the negro past Comes to NYC and meets Arthur Schomburg Center that has all info on black history And met Arthur Schomburg and taught him the relationship of african history to world history, political history, and philosophy history.( Afrocentric)

Ivan Van Sertima-they came before columbus book but nobody wanted to publish the book for him because it went against the america thoughts about ancient civilization and how columbus was the first person on america. Africans did not come as slaves but came as explorers HIs Hypothesis (Originally Dismissed This Idea but Began To Explore it and found culutral and religious similarities before columbus : ●

Black presence was in America before the age of Columbus

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Linguistic Evidence - Leo Weiner (Similarities between African lan. And Native Lang.)

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Cultural Evidence

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Architectural Evidence

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Botanical Evidence

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Accounts of European Explorers

Conclusion: People of african ancestry not as slaves but as explorers and traders. They were agents of history rather than produce of history

Paradigms in A.S: Darlene Clark Hine ●

Traditionalist - take traditional disciplines like english and psychology to determine how it can be used to talk about the black experience; who live within the disciplinary frameworks and uses the methodology to explain the black experience

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Authentic/Afrocentrists - argues traditional way has limitations because it doesn't treat african history and culture before the age of europe and needs a greater emphasis is made on the african roots if civilization; ancient africa

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Black Feminist - argues scholar looks through a male gaze and men thinks everything in initiated by men; emphasis the role of women in activism and civilization

Authentics: Bazel Davidson - talk about ancient africa to modern history

Title: Different But Equal 1. Meaning of title? People were from different races, skins, cultures, and people were seen unimportant because of the disbelief of african civilization but until

they find out the history of african civilization, europeans see that africans were just as human and equal as everyone else. They had the same civilizational and intellectual capacity as europeans. Euros. Saw that africa contributed to europeans history 2. How is title linked to ancient vs aryan model of history? Martin Bernal’s “Black Athena” Ancient- africa was viewed as different but equal where african accomplishments were seen as than no different from european glory Aryan - As slavery begins to gain momentum the humanity africans are denied and the history of africans are denied. 3. Views of europeans to africa before and after slavery/colonialism? 4. How did europeans explain structure ? 5. African contribute to civilization? 6. Something about egyptians?

Structure was home to the queen of sheeba and northern africans travelled south to build this structure White prodigiousness caused them to disbelieve that africans had their own civilization They said forget africa and it is not a historical part of the world African was seen as savages and had no duty or religion Europeans were fighting other countries for the africans Soon realized that african indeed ha their own civilization and structured gov Africans had pictures to show how civilization was like trading and growing crops and had tunic of ancient egypt living across the sahara desert

The nile river was consistently used by the egyptians and stretches to ethiopia The nile possess history of early human settlement The pharaohs work can be see unique to their own creation but historians argue that pharaohs from egypt could not be africsn but indeed white Egyptians mated with asians The races of the world were regarded as different but equal Original egyptians were blacks from the south who settled in egypt Nubians tried to subdue the power of egypt Nubians have conceived influences from other cultures so they were trying to find the true nubian culture Ancient stones revealed alphabetical writing that was one of the first systems in world (narawitic) The african today still reely on ancient structure to live and aren't affected by modernism Africans still live in there ancient traditions today despite modernism Whites saw africans as crude and not comparable to the natural state of human Christian nuba’s kept them in comfort The gold built with building lead to war and rampage from people trying to take the gold The europeans came to invade Greece could not have developed without african influences St. Maurice statue showed that the africans had influence on german culture and shows how people are different but equal

9/24/18

History of Africa 1. Before the Age of European Empire - (Afrocentrists) Basil - Different but Equal video 2. European Empire/Colonialism 3. National Liberation - movement of african nations liberating the nation from european colonists 4. Post National Liberation/ Post Colonial -

After WWII European countries were not as willing to expend the resources (political, economical, and military) to keep their colonies. The US did not have colonies and, as a world power, pressured Europe to let them go. With the advent of the Cold War, the Soviet Union was encouraging revolution in Africa. Berlin Conf. Europeans divided africa like it was a cake according to their needs and their wants Negative consequence - african geographics were obscured like Gambia because britain wanted access to the river

10/8/18 Africa’s Road to Independence Anti-Colonial/Anti Imperial Struggles

After WWII European countries were not as willing to expend the resources (political, economical, and military) to keep their colonies. The US did not have colonies and, as a world power, pressured Europe to let them go. With the advent of the Cold War, the Soviet Union was encouraging revolution in Africa....