Japanese 111 - Notes - Professor Yuki Kishimoto PDF

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Professor Yuki Kishimoto...

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INTRODUCTION TO JAPANESE - YUKI KISHIMOTO Sep. 2, 2020 Japan

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A.k.a “Nihon” Population = 127 million (10th largest population) 377 835 km/sq 3 main islands = Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu Capital = Tokyo

DO NOT MISS ANY CLASSES. Honorifics - Address teacher as “Sensei” - -sama = banks, hospitals, letters - Do not use suffixes for your own name! Alphabets / Writing Systems Hiragana - 46 characters + voiced consonants - Main focus. Kind of like the English alphabet. - Also known as “kana” (?) - More round-looking characters - Function words (at, in, on. . . ) and inflectional ending (tense, negation) Katakana - 46 characters + voiced consonants - More straight, simple characters - Loan words, onomatopoeia (The above two are both simplified versions of KANJI.) Kanji -

1945 characters (we’ll only learn 28). 1006 taught in elementary school + 939 taught in secondary school. Chinese origin Represent a word (used for content words, like verbs, nouns, and adjectives)

Verbs are at the end, Sentences have a mixture of alphabets. Stroke endings = Stop (S), Release (R), Hook (H)

Sep. 4, 2020 MINI QUIZ → It’s on UR Courses, it’s multiple choice, recognizing hiragana. Work on it for 5 minutes, when you’re done, go back to the class. Ohayoo = good morning. Go za i ma su makes it more polite. “Ohayoo gozaimasu” “Arigatou gozaimasu” The hiragana for “ha” is sometimes pronounced “wa”, like in “watashi wa”, “konnichiwa” and “konbanwa”. Konnichiwa = Good afternoon Konbanwa = Good evening Introducing yourself Hajimemashite = How do you do (it’s used for meeting someone for the first time). ~ desu = I am Douzo yoro shiku = Pleased to meet you. ↑ L more casual Makes it formal The bar (little line) over syllables means the intonation goes up. “O” makes words sound fancier. ex) osushi, ohashi (hashi = chopsticks)

Sep. 9, 2020 Casual goodbye = jaa, ma ta. It’s like a “see you later” and only used with friends. Formal goodbye = shi tsu ree shi ma su. For instructors and teachers. It means that you’re interrupting something. Can also be used when entering. Normal goodbye = sayonara.

Sep. 11, 2020 Casual thanks = Arigato More formal thanks = Arigatou gozaimasu You’re welcome = Doitashimashite Sorry, excuse me = Sumimasen

Ah Kana Symbols, Take Note How Many You Read Well (order of characters) Long Vowels Repeated vowels = you have to pronounce it longer Sensei = we don’t pronounce the “i” it’s just another “e” Katakana → a dash shows long vowels

Sep. 14 ** KONNICHIWA** is spelt with “ha” not “wa” ** こんにちは We discussed long vowels and double consonants. Se ke n → Se ttu ke n Ki te → ki ttu te Sa ka → sa ttu ka

Sep. 16 Lesson 6 ~ ku da sa i (please) ください Ki i te ku da sa i (please listen) きいてください Mi i te ku da sa i (please look) みいてください I i te ku da sa i (please speak) いいてください Ka i te ku da sa i (please write) かいてください Yo n de ku da sa i (please read) よんでください

わかりましたか (do you understand?) Wa ka ri ma shi ta ka “Ka” at the end is a question sentence indicator. The intonation goes up. はい　(Yes) わかりました 　(I understand) Wa ka ri ma shi ta いいえ 　(No) わかりません　(I don’t understand) Wa ka ri ma se n Helpful phrases: Mo u [i chi] do i tu te ku da sa i“ (Please say it again) one もういちどいってください [O o ki i] [ko e] i tu te ku da sa i (Please speak loudly) Big voice おおきいこえいってください Mo u [su ko shi] [yu kku ri] i tu te ku da sa i (Please say it slowly) A little slow もうすこしゆっくりいってください To be MORE POLITE, you replace “i tu te ku da sa i” with “onegaishimasu” おねがいします Languages Ni ho n [go] → Japanese language Go = language Fu ra n su go → French Chuugokugo → chinese Supeingo → spanish Eigo → English

Sep. 21, 2020 *** ALWAYS WRITE PERIODS AT THE END OF SENTENCES, DUMBASS *** Ch. 2 Lesson 1 - Time Expressions すうじ

1. Ichi いち 2. Ni に 3. San さん 4. yon 　/　shi 5. Go ご 6. Roku ろく 7. Shichi / nana 8. Hachi はち 9. kyuu/ku 10. Jyuu じゅう 11. Jyuuichi 12. Jyuuni 13. Jyuusan

よん

　し

しち 　なな　 きゅう　く じゅういち じゅうに じゅうさん

TIME: じ　= time counter 1 o’clock = いちじ 2 o’clock　にじ = 4 o’clock = よじ 　(never shiji, and the 　 んdrops) 7 o’clock = しちじ　 (not usually nanaji) 9 o’clock = くじ 　(not kyuuji) 30 minutes past = はん 　(half) 2:30 → にじはん What time is it now?　いま　なんじですか。 = It’s one o’clock. = いちじです。 It’s eleven thirty. = じゅういちじはんです。 A.M. → ごぜん P.M. → ごご (It’s put before the number) NATIONALITIES Add “jin” ( じん ) Japanese = にほんじん Mexican = めきしこじん American = あめりかじん Canadian = かなだじん Grammar: Order of words

(better to use yon)

たなかさん 　は　にほんじんです。 - Mr. Smith (topic of sentence) - Add particle “wa” ( は ) - Description of the topic - です 　= the english “be” verb ** The topic is omitted when it is obvious ** Verbs are always at the end. わたし　watashi = I (females and males) ぼく　boku = I (only males)

Sep. 23, 2020 Ch。2 - Lesson 2: 3 Kinds of Bowing Styles: 15° = businesses (like a clerk of salesperson) 30° = standard 45° = more formal Lower means more sincere and formal. RULES: #1: Look at the person before and after you bow. #2: Only bend from the waist. #3: Add greeting phrase. #4: Pause for a couple seconds at the least point of the bow. #5: Males → hands to your sides. Females → hands in front of you. Year in school: Nen = year Sei = student Freshman → いちねんせい ichinensei Sophomore → にねんせい ninensei Junior → さんねんせい sannensei Senior → よねんせい 　 yonensei I am a second year. = watashi wa ninensei desu. I am also a second year. = Watashi mou ninensei desu. “ME TOO” Kochiro koso = SAME HERE Academic status

Student → がくせい gakusei International student → りゅうがくせい ryuugakusei College student → だいがくせい daigakusei High school student → こうこうせい koukousei Graduate student → だいがくいんせい daigakuinsei Majors (senkou) Asian studies → あじあけんきゆう 　(research) Management Engineering Literature Business History My major is english → senkou wa eigo desu. Watashi no senkou wa eigo desu(?) Negative Two ways: じゃ 　ないです。 じゃ 　ありません。...