KINE- Chapter 1 & 4 Review Sheet PDF

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FOUNDATIONS OF KINESIOLOGY REVIEW SHEET FOR CHAPTER 1 & 4 TEST When studying for the exam make sure to refer to the book as well as the PowerPoint’s as you review. Also remember that you will need a Scantron for this exam. Scantron #95142 Chapter 1:  Know what kinesiology is. Kinesiology is an umbrella term used to describe the entire discipline of sport, physical activity, and exercise  Know and understand what the 12 sub disciplines and the allied fields are in kinesiology. (1) Exercise physiology – study of effects of various physical demands, particularly exercise, on the structure & function of the body (2) Sports medicine – prevention, treatment, & rehabilitation of sports-related injuries (3) Sport biomechanics – applies methods of physics & mechanics to the study of human motion and the motion of sport objects (4) Sport philosophy – encompasses the study of the nature of reality, the structure of knowledge in sport, ethical & moral questions, & the aesthetics of movement (5) Sport history – critical examination of the past, with a focus on events, people, & trends that influenced the development & direction of the field (6) Sport & exercise psychology – uses principles & scientific methods from psychology to study human behavior in sport (7) Motor development – studies factors that influence development of abilities essential to movement (8) Motor learning – study of changes in motor behavior that are primarily the result of practice & experience, specifically the effect of content, frequency, & timing of feedback on skill learning (9) Sport sociology – study of the role of sport in society, its impact on participants in sport, & the relationship between sport & other societal institutions (10) Sport pedagogy – study of teaching & learning in school & nonschool settings (11) Adapted physical activity – preparation of teachers & sport leaders to provide programs and services for individuals with disabilities (12) Sport management – encompasses the many managerial aspects of sport including personnel management, budgeting, facility management, & programming

 Know the definition of sport, exercise science, and physical education. Sport – well-established, officially governed competitive physical activities in which participants are motivated by internal & external rewards Exercise science – scientific analysis of exercise or physical activity; how people’s movements develop & change across their lifespan & further expand their understanding of how people learn motor skills Physical education – includes the acquisition and refinement of motor skills, the development & maintenance of fitness for optimal health & well-being, the attainment of knowledge about physical activities, & the fostering of positive attitudes conductive to lifelong learning & lifespan participation Chapter 4: Know all about the following European and US Leaders: German leaders  Johann Bernhard Basedow  Johann Christoph Friedrich Guts Muths  Fredrich Ludwig Jahn  Adolph Spiess  Charles Beck – 1825 - introduced German gymnastics to his students at the Round Hill School  Charles Follen – 1826 - organized exercise classes based on the German system for his students at Harvard University Sweden leaders  Per Henrik Ling  Hjalmar Fredrik Ling  Catherine Beecher – 1828 – developed a program of calisthenics performed to music at the Hartford Female Seminary. Denmark leaders  Franz Natchetgall Other leaders  Dudley Sargent – 1879 – Director of Hemenway Gymnasium at Harvard University; Scientific & comprehensive approach to PE; used anthropomorphic measurement to develop individualized conditioning programs for students; 1881 – Sanatory Gymnasium

 William Anderson – Played a role in founding the American Association for the Advancement of Physical Education in 1885 1885 – Director of Physical Training at Adelphi Academy in Brooklyn  Delphine Hanna – 1903 – the first woman professor of physical education in the US at Oberlin College; Developed training program for prospective teachers which evolved into one of the first professional preparation programs  George Fitz – Research physiologist at Harvard; Emphasized the need for PE programs to be based on scientific principles; 1892 – established a formal exercise physiology lab at Harvard where he and his students conducted research on physiological effects of physical activity  Roaslind Cassidy – Advocate of “education through the physical” – carefully designed programs of PE could contribute to the development of the whole person; Prolific writer  Jesses F. Williams – Advocate of “education through the physical” philosophy of PE; stressed the development of social responsibility & moral values through PE & athletics; 1927 – Principles of Physical Education  Thomas Wood – Called for the development of a “new” program of physical education, initially called “Natural Gymnastics”

Possible essay questions:  During each time period discussed in the chapter, how did societal movements and events influence sport, fitness, and physical education? These movements made an overall impact on the health of our society. With the growth of sports and physical education, the overall view about health began to increase, along with society’s involvement in physical activity. Knowledge about the importance of disease prevention and health promotion also became more popular.  Describe three events and cite an example for each event that served as a catalyst for the growth of physical education, exercise science and sport throughout history.

 How has physical education changed and developed over the past 250 years? The need for physical education has changed tremendously in the United States. Physical education programs have been implemented into our schools to ensure a healthy and fit lifestyle for its students and teach them about its importance. Education at one point was simply based on reading, writing, and mathematics, and people did not understand the need for physical activity in schools. However, statistics have shown how greatly physical education can impact a student’s learning and encourage a healthy lifestyle....