Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function PDF

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Straighterline A&P 1 Lab worksheet for Cell Structure and Function....

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Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function

BIO201L

Student Name: Robert Prieskorn Access Code (located on the lid of your lab kit): AC-QHNVPF8

Pre-Lab Questions: “1. Identify the major similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. “ Similarities: Both have DNA, Ribosomes, Vesicles, and Vacuoles. Differences: Eukaryotes have nucleus membrane bound organelles. Eukaryotes are larger. Eukaryotes undergo mitosis while prokaryotes divide by binary fusion. “2. Where is the DNA housed in a prokaryotic cell? Where is it housed in a eukaryotic cell? “ Prokaryotic Cell - Throughout the cytoplasm Eukaryotic Cell - Nucleus “3. Name three structures which provide support and protection in a eukaryotic cell. “ Three structures which provide support and protection in a eukaryotic cell: Cell wall, Microfilaments, and Microtubules.

Experiment 1: Cell Structure and Function Post-Lab Questions “1. Label each of the arrows in the following slide images: “ A- Chromosomes B- Nucleus

Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function

BIO201L

Onion root tip, 1000x.

“2. What is the difference between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum? “ Rough endoplasmic reticulum is just that, rough. They have ribosomes on the surface whereas smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosomes making it smooth. “3. Would an animal cell be able to survive without a mitochondria? Why or why not? “ No. The mitochondria simply put is the “power house”. Without the power there is no energy for organelle function. “4. What is the function of a lysosome? “ Lysosomes and their enzymes aide in destruction of worn cellular parts. Their main function is engulfing of cellular contents.

Experiment 2: Exploring Cell Size Record the cell radius and time to center of the cell in Table 2. Then, calculate the surface area, volume, and surface area:volume ratio (equations provided below).

Table 2: Surface Area and Volume in Relation to Cell Size

Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function Surface Area (µm2)

Volume (µm3)

Surface Area:Volume Ratio

30

2827.43

14137.16

0.1999

60

11309.73

113097.33

0.0999

90

25446.90

381703.50

0.0666

120

45238.93

904778.68

0.0499

150

70685.83

1767145.86

0.0399

180

101787.60

3053628.05

0.0333

210

138544.23

4849048.26

0.0285

240

180955.73

7238229.47

0.0249

270

229022.10

10305994.70

0.0222

300

282743.33

14137166.94

0.019

Radius (µm)

BIO201L

Time to Center of the Cell (s)

0.075 0.15 0.225 0.3 0.375 0.45 0.525 0.6 0.675 0.75

Post-Lab Questions “1. Create a graph of the time to the center of the cell as a function of the surface area:volume ratio.

Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function

BIO201L

2. How did the surface area affect diffusion to the center of the cell? What about volume? What about the surface area-to-volume ratio?

Diffusion is affected by the surface area, the larger the area the longer the rate of diffusion. When the cell increases in size, the volume increases faster than the surface area because volume is cubed where surface area is squared. When there is more volume and less surface area, diffusion takes longer and is less effective. When there is more volume and less surface area there will be a larger surface area to volume ratio. “3. How does this experiment demonstrate the need for larger cells to divide? “ This experiment demonstrates the need for larger cells to divide so that their surface area to volume ratio can be larger.

Lab 2 Cell Structure and Function

BIO201L...