Lab 4 AND5 - Lena Coleman PDF

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Lena Coleman...

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Lab 4: The Cell lab 5: mitosis Lab 4 General cell traits  Cells can be defined by the presence or absence of a nucleus, this categorizes all cells into two groups  Prokaryotic-bacterial cells, lack nucleus and most organelles  Eukaryotic-includes every other type of cell, contain a nucleus and organelle (little tool, specialized compartment of the cell)  Plant vs Animal Cells  Shared features  Cell membrane-encases cell, acts as semipermeable barrier  Nucleus-membrane bound organelle, contains genetic material (DNA)  Distinguishing features of plants  Chloroplasts-organelle containing chlorophyll, site of photosynthesis  Cell wall-outer rigid layer composed of cellulose  Central vacuole-storage compartment Eukaryotic chromosomes  Chromosomes can exist in different states:  Uncondensed = chromatin  Condensed = chromatid  Replicated or single  Mitosis: division of the chromosomes  Memorizing the stages: I P M A T  Stages of Mitosis in Detail:  Interphase  chromosomes replicate  begin to condense  Prophase  Nuclear envelope breaks down  Chromosomes condense further

 Metaphase  Chromosomes align on equatorial plane  Anaphase  Separation occurs  Telophase  Nuclear envelope reassembles  Chromosomes uncondense  Cytokinesis occurs  Two daughter cells are formed...